7NUT

Crystal structure of human AMDHD2 in complex with Zn and GlcN6P


Experimental Data Snapshot

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 1.90 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.213 
  • R-Value Work: 0.185 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.186 

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Ligand Structure Quality Assessment 


This is version 1.3 of the entry. See complete history


Literature

GFPT2/GFAT2 and AMDHD2 act in tandem to control the hexosamine pathway.

Kroef, V.Ruegenberg, S.Horn, M.Allmeroth, K.Ebert, L.Bozkus, S.Miethe, S.Elling, U.Schermer, B.Baumann, U.Denzel, M.S.

(2022) Elife 11

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.69223
  • Primary Citation of Related Structures:  
    7NUT, 7NUU

  • PubMed Abstract: 

    The hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP) produces the essential metabolite UDP-GlcNAc and plays a key role in metabolism, health, and aging. The HBP is controlled by its rate-limiting enzyme glutamine fructose-6-phosphate amidotransferase (GFPT/GFAT) that is directly inhibited by UDP-GlcNAc in a feedback loop. HBP regulation by GFPT is well studied but other HBP regulators have remained obscure. Elevated UDP-GlcNAc levels counteract the glycosylation toxin tunicamycin (TM), and thus we screened for TM resistance in haploid mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) using random chemical mutagenesis to determine alternative HBP regulation. We identified the N-acetylglucosamine deacetylase AMDHD2 that catalyzes a reverse reaction in the HBP and its loss strongly elevated UDP-GlcNAc. To better understand AMDHD2, we solved the crystal structure and found that loss-of-function (LOF) is caused by protein destabilization or interference with its catalytic activity. Finally, we show that mESCs express AMDHD2 together with GFPT2 instead of the more common paralog GFPT1. Compared with GFPT1, GFPT2 had a much lower sensitivity to UDP-GlcNAc inhibition, explaining how AMDHD2 LOF resulted in HBP activation. This HBP configuration in which AMDHD2 serves to balance GFPT2 activity was also observed in other mESCs and, consistently, the GFPT2:GFPT1 ratio decreased with differentiation of human embryonic stem cells. Taken together, our data reveal a critical function of AMDHD2 in limiting UDP-GlcNAc production in cells that use GFPT2 for metabolite entry into the HBP.


  • Organizational Affiliation

    Max Planck Institute for Biology of Ageing, Cologne, Germany.


Macromolecules
Find similar proteins by:  (by identity cutoff)  |  3D Structure
Entity ID: 1
MoleculeChains Sequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
N-acetylglucosamine-6-phosphate deacetylase
A, B
409Homo sapiensMutation(s): 0 
Gene Names: AMDHD2CGI-14
EC: 3.5.1.25
UniProt & NIH Common Fund Data Resources
Find proteins for Q9Y303 (Homo sapiens)
Explore Q9Y303 
Go to UniProtKB:  Q9Y303
PHAROS:  Q9Y303
GTEx:  ENSG00000162066 
Entity Groups  
Sequence Clusters30% Identity50% Identity70% Identity90% Identity95% Identity100% Identity
UniProt GroupQ9Y303
Sequence Annotations
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  • Reference Sequence
Experimental Data & Validation

Experimental Data

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 1.90 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.213 
  • R-Value Work: 0.185 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.186 
  • Space Group: P 21 21 21
Unit Cell:
Length ( Å )Angle ( ˚ )
a = 63.261α = 90
b = 161.449β = 90
c = 86.621γ = 90
Software Package:
Software NamePurpose
PHENIXrefinement
PDB_EXTRACTdata extraction
XDSdata reduction
XDSdata scaling
PHENIXphasing

Structure Validation

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Ligand Structure Quality Assessment 


Entry History & Funding Information

Deposition Data


Funding OrganizationLocationGrant Number
German Federal Ministry for Education and ResearchGermany01GQ1423A
European CommissionGermanyERC-2014-StG-640254-MetAGEn
German Research Foundation (DFG)GermanyINST 216/949-1 FUGG

Revision History  (Full details and data files)

  • Version 1.0: 2021-04-28
    Type: Initial release
  • Version 1.1: 2021-05-05
    Changes: Database references
  • Version 1.2: 2022-03-16
    Changes: Database references
  • Version 1.3: 2024-01-31
    Changes: Data collection, Database references, Refinement description