3R3G

Structure of human thrombin with residues 145-150 of murine thrombin.

Experimental Data Snapshot

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 1.75 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.222 
  • R-Value Work: 0.184 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.186 

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This is version 1.3 of the entry. See complete history. 


Literature

Rigidification of the autolysis loop enhances Na(+) binding to thrombin.

Pozzi, N., Chen, R., Chen, Z., Bah, A., Di Cera, E.

(2011) Biophys Chem 159: 6-13

  • DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2011.04.003
  • Primary Citation of Related Structures:  
    3R3G

  • PubMed Abstract: 

    • Binding of Na(+) to thrombin ensures high activity toward physiological substrates and optimizes the procoagulant and prothrombotic roles of the enzyme in vivo. Under physiological conditions of pH and temperature, the binding affinity of Na(+) is weak due to large heat capacity and enthalpy changes associated with binding, and the K(d)=80 mM ensures only 64% saturation of the site at the concentration of Na(+) in the blood (140 mM) ...

    Binding of Na(+) to thrombin ensures high activity toward physiological substrates and optimizes the procoagulant and prothrombotic roles of the enzyme in vivo. Under physiological conditions of pH and temperature, the binding affinity of Na(+) is weak due to large heat capacity and enthalpy changes associated with binding, and the K(d)=80 mM ensures only 64% saturation of the site at the concentration of Na(+) in the blood (140 mM). Residues controlling Na(+) binding and activation have been identified. Yet, attempts to improve the interaction of Na(+) with thrombin and possibly increase catalytic activity under physiological conditions have so far been unsuccessful. Here we report how replacement of the flexible autolysis loop of human thrombin with the homologous rigid domain of the murine enzyme results in a drastic (up to 10-fold) increase in Na(+) affinity and a significant improvement in the catalytic activity of the enzyme. Rigidification of the autolysis loop abolishes the heat capacity change associated with Na(+) binding observed in the wild-type and also increases the stability of thrombin. These findings have general relevance to protein engineering studies of clotting proteases and trypsin-like enzymes.

    Related Citations: 
    • Molecular dissection of Na+ binding to thrombin.
      Pineda, A.O., Carrell, C.J., Bush, L.A., Prasad, S., Caccia, S., Chen, Z.W., Mathews, F.S., Di Cera, E.
      (2004) J Biol Chem 279: 31842
    Organizational Affiliation: 

    Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saint Louis University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63104, USA.



Macromolecules
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(by identity cutoff)  |  3D Structure
Entity ID: 1
MoleculeChainsSequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
Thrombin Light ChainA31Homo sapiensMutation(s): 0 
Gene Names: F2
EC: 3.4.21.5
UniProt & NIH Common Fund Data Resources
Find proteins for P00734 (Homo sapiens)
Explore P00734 
Go to UniProtKB:  P00734
PHAROS:  P00734
Entity Groups  
Sequence Clusters30% Identity50% Identity70% Identity90% Identity95% Identity100% Identity
UniProt GroupP00734
Protein Feature View
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  • Reference Sequence
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(by identity cutoff)  |  3D Structure
Entity ID: 2
MoleculeChainsSequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
Thrombin Heavy ChainB259Homo sapiensMutation(s): 6 
Gene Names: F2
EC: 3.4.21.5
UniProt & NIH Common Fund Data Resources
Find proteins for P00734 (Homo sapiens)
Explore P00734 
Go to UniProtKB:  P00734
PHAROS:  P00734
Entity Groups  
Sequence Clusters30% Identity50% Identity70% Identity90% Identity95% Identity100% Identity
UniProt GroupP00734
Protein Feature View
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  • Reference Sequence
Small Molecules
Ligands 2 Unique
IDChainsName / Formula / InChI Key2D Diagram3D Interactions
NAG
Query on NAG
Download Ideal Coordinates CCD File 
C [auth B]2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose
C8 H15 N O6
OVRNDRQMDRJTHS-FMDGEEDCSA-N		 Ligand Interaction
NA
Query on NA
Download Ideal Coordinates CCD File 
D [auth B],
E [auth B]		SODIUM ION
Na
FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N		 Ligand Interaction
Experimental Data & Validation

Experimental Data

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 1.75 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.222 
  • R-Value Work: 0.184 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.186 
  • Space Group: C 1 2 1
Unit Cell:
Length ( Å )Angle ( ˚ )
a = 116.072α = 90
b = 48.058β = 92.08
c = 53.722γ = 90
Software Package:
Software NamePurpose
ADSCdata collection
MOLREPphasing
REFMACrefinement
HKL-2000data reduction
HKL-2000data scaling

Structure Validation

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Entry History 

Deposition Data

Revision History  (Full details and data files)

  • Version 1.0: 2011-05-11
    Type: Initial release
  • Version 1.1: 2011-07-13
    Changes: Version format compliance
  • Version 1.2: 2011-09-21
    Changes: Database references
  • Version 1.3: 2020-07-29
    Type: Remediation
    Reason: Carbohydrate remediation
    Changes: Advisory, Data collection, Database references, Derived calculations, Structure summary