Biological Assembly 1  

 3D View: Structure | Electron Density | Ligand Interaction

Standalone Viewers  
Protein Workshop | Ligand Explorer

Global Symmetry: Asymmetric - C1 
Global Stoichiometry: Monomer - A 

Biological assembly 1 assigned by authors.

Biological Assembly Evidence: authors reported there is no experimental evidence

Biological Assembly 2  

 3D View: Structure | Electron Density | Ligand Interaction

Standalone Viewers  
Protein Workshop | Ligand Explorer

Global Symmetry: Asymmetric - C1 
Global Stoichiometry: Monomer - A 

Biological assembly 2 assigned by authors.

Macromolecule Content

• Total Structure Weight: 68942.39 
• Atom Count: 4719 
• Residue Count: 574 
• Unique protein chains: 1

6QAS

Crystal structure of ULK1 in complexed with PF-03814735

• DOI: 10.2210/pdb6QAS/pdb

• Classification: TRANSFERASE
• Organism(s): Homo sapiens
• Expression System: Escherichia coli BL21(DE3)


• Deposited: 2018-12-19 Released: 2019-02-27 
• Deposition Author(s): Chaikuad, A., Arrowsmith, C.H., Edwards, A.M., Bountra, C., Knapp, S., Structural Genomics Consortium, Structural Genomics Consortium (SGC)

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Experimental Data Snapshot

• Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
• Resolution: 1.75 Å
• R-Value Free: 0.197 
• R-Value Work: 0.170 

Literature

Conservation of structure, function and inhibitor binding in UNC-51-like kinase 1 and 2 (ULK1/2).

Chaikuad, A., Koschade, S.E., Stolz, A., Zivkovic, K., Pohl, C., Shaid, S., Ren, H., Lambert, L.J., Cosford, N.D.P., Brandts, C.H., Knapp, S.

(2019) Biochem.J. 476: 875-887

• PubMed: 30782972 
• DOI: 10.1042/BCJ20190038
• Primary Citation of Related Structures:  
  6QAV, 6QAU, 6QAT


• PubMed Abstract: 
  

Autophagy is essential for cellular homeostasis and when deregulated this survival mechanism has been associated with disease development. Inhibition of autophagy initiation by inhibiting the kinase ULK1 (Unc-51-like autophagy activating kinase 1) has been proposed as a potential cancer therapy. While inhibitors and crystal structures of ULK1 have been reported, little is known about the other closely related kinase ULK2 (Unc-51-like autophagy activating kinase 2). Here, we present the crystal structure of ULK2 in complex with ATP competitive inhibitors. Surprisingly, the ULK2 structure revealed a dimeric assembly reminiscent of dimeric arrangements of auto-activating kinases suggesting a role for this association in ULK activation. Screening of a kinase focused library of pre-clinical and clinical compounds revealed several potent ULK1/2 inhibitors and good correlation of inhibitor-binding behavior with both ULK kinases. Aurora A was identified as a major off-target of currently used ULK1 inhibitors. Autophagic flux assays demonstrated that this off-target activity by strongly inducing autophagy in different cellular systems conferred an additional layer of complexity in the interpretation of cellular data. The data presented here provide structural models and chemical starting points for the development of ULK1/2 dual inhibitors with improved selectivity for future exploitation of autophagy inhibition.

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Organizational Affiliation: 

Institut für Medizinische und Pharmazeutische Chemie, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany.,Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tōhoku University, 2-1-1, Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan; School of Agriculture, Meiji University, 1-1-1, Higashi-mita, Tama-ku, Kawasaki 214-8571, Japan.,State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430072, China.,Collège Doctoral, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.,Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Ole Worn Alle 3, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.,Medicinal Chemistry, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49 Box 1041, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Research Centre of Infection and Immunity, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany.,Department of Material and Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Science , Yamagata University , Yamagata 990-8560 , Japan.,Lund Protein Production Platform (LP3) & Department of Biology, Lund University, 223 62 Lund, Sweden; Scientific Activities Division, European Spallation Source ERIC (ESS), 221 00 Lund, Sweden. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Center for Neuro-Medicine, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Hwarangro 14-gil 5, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea; Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Anam-ro 145, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.,Laboratory for Protein Functional and Structural Biology, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.,Vaccine Research Center, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China [e-mail] [e-mail].,Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.,Nosopharm, 110 Allée Charles Babbage, Espace Innovation 2, 30000 Nîmes, France. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, Inc., 45A Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica 01821, MA, USA. Electronic address: [e-mail].,the School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.,Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyvaskyla, Jyvaskyla, Finland.,Hamburg University of Technology, Vision Systems E-2, Harburger Schloßstr. 20, 21079, Hamburg, Germany.,Department of Pharmaceutical Science, General and Organic Chemistry Section, University of Milano, 20133 Italy.,University Medical Center Göttingen, Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Bioanalytics Group, Robert-Koch-Straße 40, 37075 Göttingen, Germany.,Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, 84112.,From the Department of Biochemistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E5, Canada, [e-mail].,Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Chemistry , University of Florence , Via della Lastruccia 3 , 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence , Italy.,Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China. [e-mail].,Department of Synthetic Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto, 615-8510, Japan.,Structural Biology Group, European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, CS 40220, F-38043, Grenoble, France. [e-mail].,Pfizer Structural Biology and Biophysics, Groton, Eastern Point Road, Groton, CT 06340, USA.,Laboratoire de Microbiologie, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), 6041 Gosselies, Belgium.,Biological Research Centre (BRC), Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Temesvári krt. 62, Szeged, 6726, Hungary.,Division of Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy , The University of Texas at Austin , Austin , Texas 78712 , United States.,Ben May Department for Cancer Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA. [e-mail].,Faculty of Science, University of Zurich, Zurich, 8057, Switzerland.,Department of In Vitro Pharmacology, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, PA 19486, United States.,Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, University of Tübingen, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany; [e-mail] [e-mail].,Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Center for Neuro-Medicine, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Hwarangro 14-gil 5, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: [e-mail].,National Facility for Protein Sciences in Shanghai, Zhangjiang Lab, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201210, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Box 100245, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States.,Chair of Experimental Genetics, Center of Life and Food Sciences Weihenstephan, Technical University of Munich, 85354, Freising, Weihenstephan, Germany.,Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Technical University of Munich, Trogerstr. 30, 81675, Munich, Germany. [e-mail].,Institute of Complex Systems, Strukturbiochemie (ICS-6), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany. [e-mail].,Institute of Complex Systems, Strukturbiochemie (ICS-6), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany. [e-mail].,Department of Chemistry, Universität Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King Platz 6, 20146, Hamburg, Germany.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Trogerstr. 30, 81675, Munich, Germany. [e-mail].,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Seattle, WA, USA.,Institute of Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.,Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.,X-Ray Crystallography Core, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33458.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada. [e-mail].,High Pressure and Synchrotron Radiation Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Center, Mumbai 400 085, India.,Department of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA.,Institute for Interdisciplinary Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan.,Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, 13244, USA.,Department of Neuroscience Research, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, PA 19486, United States.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and the Center for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada. [e-mail].,Research and Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, 5 Research Parkway, Wallingford, Connecticut 06492, United States.,Department of Chemistry, University of Eastern Finland, PO Box 111, 80101 Joensuu, Finland.,the Institute of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Humboldtstrasse 50, 8010 Graz, and.,Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201204, China.,Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.,Markey Center for Structural Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA.,European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Structural Biology Group, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, F-38000, Grenoble, France.,Institute of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.,Institute of Neuroscience, University of Oregon, Eugene, United States.,RIKEN SPring-8 Center, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo, Hyogo, 679-5148, Japan. [e-mail].,Ghent University Expertise Centre for Transmission Electron Microscopy and VIB BioImaging Core, Ghent, Belgium.,National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China.,Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Yayoi, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Life Sciences Institute, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, V6T 1Z3.,Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS) at Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), 85747 Garching, Germany.,Biocenter Oulu and Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, Inc., 45A Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica 01821, MA, USA.,Seed Compounds Exploratory Unit for Drug Discovery Platform, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.,Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, 75237 Uppsala, Sweden.,Vaccine Research Center, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,Heinrich Pette Institute, Leibniz Institute for Experimental Virology, Martinistrasse 52, 20251, Hamburg, Germany.,Present address: Department of Virology Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences Hiroshima University Hiroshima Japan.,Department of Life Sciences and Chemistry, Jacobs University Bremen, 28759 Bremen, Germany.,Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India.,Graduate School of Life Science, University of Hyogo, 3-2-1 Kouto, Kamigori, Ako, Hyogo, 678-1297, Japan.,ISIS Pulsed Neutron and Muon Source, STFC, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0QX, UK.,Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage, Chiba 263-8522, Japan.,Institute of Biochemistry II, Goethe University School of Medicine, 60590 Frankfurt, Germany.,Medicine Design , Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development , Groton , Connecticut 06340 , United States.,Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Department of Biological Sciences, California State University, Stanislaus, One University Cir, Turlock, California 95382, United States.,Beckman Institute, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, United States.,Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH), CH-8093, Zürich, Switzerland. [e-mail].,Laboratoire de chimie moléculaire, CMGPCE, EA7341, Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers, 2 rue Conté, 75003 Paris, France.,Cellular Signalling and Cytoskeletal Function Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK.,Glycosciences Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, W12 0NN London, United Kingdom.,Structural Biology of Cells and Viruses Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom.,Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica , Oeiras , Portugal.,Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, D-04103, Leipzig, Germany.,European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Hamburg Outstation, Building 25a, Notkestrasse 85, Hamburg 22607, Germany.,Unité Mixte de Recherche 3571, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris, France.,The Hamburg Center for Ultrafast Imaging, Universität Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761, Hamburg, Germany. [e-mail].,Research Institute for Molecular Pathology (IMP), Vienna Biocenter (VBC), Campus-Vienna-Biocenter 1, 1030, Vienna, Austria. [e-mail].,Dipartimento di Farmacia, Sezione di Chimica del Farmaco e del Prodotto Cosmetico , Università degli Studi di Genova , Viale Benedetto XV 3 , 16132 Genova , Italy.,Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA.,Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.,Division of Physical Biochemistry, MRC National Institute for Medical Research, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Max F. Perutz Laboratories (MFPL), University of Vienna, Vienna BioCenter, Dr. Bohr-Gasse 9, 1030 Vienna, Austria.,Institut für Experimentelle und Klinische Pharmakologie und Toxikologie, und Interfakultäres Zentrum für Pharmakogenomik und Arzneimittelforschung (ICePhA), Eberhard-Karls-Universität Tübingen, Wilhelmstraße 56, 72074, Tübingen, Germany.,European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Structural Biology Group, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, F-38000, Grenoble, France. [e-mail].,Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854.,Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry Group, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen, Germany.,Department of Crystallography, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Robert-Rössle-Strasse 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany; Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustrasse 6, 14195 Berlin, Germany. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Department of Molecular Engineering, Amgen Inc., Cambridge, MA, United States of America.,Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.,Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, Institute of Integrative Genome Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA, USA.,National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, United States. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Department of Microbiology and Immunology , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , Michigan 48109 , United States.,Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tōhoku University, 2-1-1, Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan; Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Cambridge Institute of Medical Research, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Cambridgeshire, CB2 0XY, United Kingdom.,Laboratory for Microbiology, Department of Biology, Philipps-University Marburg, Marburg, Germany.,Department of Drug Science and Technology , University of Turin , via P.Giuria 9 , 10125 Turin , Italy.,Université de Strasbourg, Illkirch, France.,School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia Queensland, 4072, Australia. [e-mail].,Department of Structural Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, Dortmund, Germany.,the Institute of Chemistry, University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28/2, 8010 Graz, Austria.,Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland. [e-mail].,Department of Microbial Drugs, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany.,Institut de Recherches Microbiologiques Jean-Marie Wiame - Labiris, 1070 Brussels, Belgium.,Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of MOE/MOH, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.,Gorlaeus Laboratories , Leiden Institute of Chemistry and Netherlands Proteomics Centre , Einsteinweg 55 , 2333 CC Leiden , Netherlands.,Ruhr University Bochum, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Biophysics, Protein Crystallography, Universitätsstr. 150, 44780 Bochum, Germany.,Centre for Systems Structural Biology (CSSB), DESY and European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Notkestrasse 85, Hamburg D-22607, Germany; Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Insititutet, Scheels väg 2, Stockholm SE-17177, Sweden. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Institute of Molecular Biology & Biophysics, ETH Zurich, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland. [e-mail].,Institute for Computational Molecular Science College of Science and Technology, Temple University, 1925 N 12th St, Philadelphia, PA 19122.,Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Institut für Physikalische Biologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.,Shanghai Institute of Precision Medicine, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China. [e-mail].,Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, School of Molecular & Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.,Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia Queensland, 4072, Australia.,Biocenter Oulu and Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, PO Box 5400, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland [e-mail].,Laboratoire Pierre Fabre, 3 avenue H. Curien, 31100 Toulouse, France.,School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Division of Immunology, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Universitaetsstr. 10, 78457, Konstanz, Germany.,Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.,Institute for Veterinary Medical Research, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, H-1143 Budapest, Hungary.,Department of Dermatology and Allergy Center, Odense Research Center for Anaphylaxis, University of Southern Denmark, DK-5000, Odense C, Denmark.,KNU Institute for Microorganisms, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea. [e-mail].,Department of Chemistry, King's College London, Britannia House, London, SE1 1DB, UK.,Department of Biophysics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Biognos AB, P.O. Box 8963, Gothenburg 40274, Sweden.,From The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Science, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.,Department of Chemistry, Nanoscience Center, University of Jyvaskyla, Jyvaskyla, Finland.,State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Departments of Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.,Department of Biophysics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA. [e-mail].,Department of Medicine, Hematology/Oncology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany.,McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.,NCI Designated Cancer Center, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA, U.S.A.,2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.,Present address: Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, 80 Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1GA, UK.,Department of Pharmacology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854.,Laboratory of Virology and Infectious Disease, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA.,Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil.,Instituto de Química, Universidade de Brasília (UnB), Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil; Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.,Division of Structural Biology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Japan.,Biosimilars, Amgen Inc., One Amgen Center Drive, Thousand Oaks, CA, United States of America.,Shanghai Institute of Precision Medicine, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , The Ohio State University , Columbus , Ohio 43210 , United States.,Biophysical Chemistry, Center for Molecular Protein Science, Department of Chemistry, Lund University , Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden.,Institute of Chemistry and Metabolomics, Center of Structural and Cell Biology in Medicine (CSCM), University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562, Lübeck, Germany. [e-mail].,Institut Pasteur-Bioinformatics and Biostatistics Hub-C3BI, USR3756 IP Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris, France.,Food & Bio-based Products Group, AgResearch, Palmerston North, 4442, New Zealand.,Structural Biology Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA.,Structural Biology Group, European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, CS 40220, F-38043, Grenoble, France.,European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Hamburg Outstation, Building 25a, Notkestrasse 85, Hamburg 22607, Germany. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institute, and Division of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, SE-17176 Stockholm, Sweden; [e-mail].,Takeda California, Inc. , 10410 Science Center Drive , San Diego , California 92121 , United States.,Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, S.S. 14 Km 163.5 in Area Science Park, Basovizza, Trieste 34149, Italy.,Institut du Thorax, INSERM, CNRS, Univ. Nantes, 8 quai Moncousu, BP 70721, Nantes 44007, France.,European Molecular Biology Laboratory, FRANCE.,Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu University, Yanagido 1-1, Gifu 501-1194, Japan.,Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA. Electronic address: [e-mail].,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA. [e-mail].,Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, School of Molecular & Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Department of Microbiology, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL, United States.,Division of Biological Chemistry and Drug Discovery, School of Life Sciences, James Black Centre , University of Dundee , Dow Street , DD1 5EH , Dundee , Scotland , United Kingdom.,Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607, Hamburg, Germany. [e-mail].,Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33458.,Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, Poznan, Poland.,Department of Microbiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA [e-mail] [e-mail].,Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Laboratory Redox Biology of Trypanosomes, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Mataojo 2020, 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay. Electronic address: [e-mail].,DNA Damage Response Laboratory, Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3RE, UK.,Laboratory of Chromatin Structure and Function, Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan. [e-mail] [e-mail].,Department of Agricultural Biotechnology , Seoul National University , Seoul , Republic of Korea.,From the New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Private Bag 92169, Auckland 1142, New Zealand, [e-mail].,Max-Planck Institute for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761, Hamburg, Germany.,2CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology & Immunology, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Life Sciences Institute, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, V6T 1Z3.,Université de Lorraine, INRA, IAM, Nancy, France.,Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, 751 24, Sweden.,Chemical Biology Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Ochang, Republic of Korea.,Max-Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, 50829 Cologne, Germany.,Laboratorio Nacional de Genómica para la Biodiversidad, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Apartado Postal 629, Irapuato, CP 36821 Guanajuato, Mexico. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Institute of Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, China.,Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607, Hamburg, Germany.,State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Department of Cellular and Molecular Biophysics, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, 82152, Martinsried, Germany.,Bioanalytics Research Group, Department of Clinical Chemistry, University Medical Centre, Göttingen, Germany.,LOEWE Center for Synthetic Microbiology (Synmikro), Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany. [e-mail].,Physiology, Biophysics and Systems Biology Graduate Program, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.,Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 2-2 Wakamatsu-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8480, Japan.,Biopharmanet-TEC Interdepartmental Center , University of Parma , 43124 , Parma , Italy.,Department of Structure of Macromolecules, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), Campus Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3G 0B1, Canada.,Linac Coherent Light Source, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, 94025, CA, USA.,Université de Lorraine, LERMAB, Nancy, France.,Michael DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Konoe-cho, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan. [e-mail].,Bioorganic Chemistry and Bio-Crystallography Laboratory (B(2)Cl), Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bolzano, Piazza Università 5, 39100 Bolzano, Italy.,Rega Institute, The Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.,The Francis Crick Institute, London, NW1 1AT, United Kingdom.,Department of Biochemical Sciences A.Rossi-Fanelli, University of Rome La Sapienza, Rome, Italy.,Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University, 1-7-29 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.,Bacteria, Parasites & Fungi, Statens Serum Institut, 2300 Copenhagen, Denmark.,Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854; [e-mail] [e-mail].,Department of Biophysics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA. [e-mail].,School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand.,Division of Cardiovascular Medicine , University of Utah School of Medicine , 30 N 1900 E, Room 4A-100 , Salt Lake City , Utah 84132 , United States.,School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, China.,Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental Sustainability , University of Parma , 43124 , Parma , Italy.,Division of Magnetic Resonance, Korea Basic Science Institute, Ochang, Republic of Korea.,Division of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China.,Institute of Basic Medical Sciences and Centre for Cancer Cell Reprogramming, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, 1112 Blindern, 0317, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Biomolecular Mechanisms, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Jahnstr. 29, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany. [e-mail].,Department of Theoretical Biophysics, Max Planck Institute of Biophysics, DE-60438, Frankfurt, Germany.,Department of Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; Institute of Systems Biomedicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China.,MRC Protein Phosphorylation & Ubiquitylation Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dow Street, Dundee DD1 5EH, UK. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Toledo, 2801 W. Bancroft Street, Toledo, Ohio 43606, United States.,Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, One Brookings Drive, Campus Box 1137, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA.,Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, India.,Departments of Anesthesiology, Physiology and Biophysics, Biochemistry, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, United States.,RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan.,Biomedical Research Institute, KIST, Hwarangro 14-gil 5, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: [e-mail].,VIB Screening Core, Ghent, Belgium.,College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Moulder Center of Drug Discovery Research, Temple University School of Pharmacy, 3307 N. Broad Street, Philadelphia, PA, USA.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , Michigan 48109 , United States.,Research & Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, P.O. Box 4000, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States.,Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED), Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan. [e-mail].,Department of Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Konoe-cho, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan.,Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.,Medicinal Chemistry, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49 Box 1041, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium.,Département de Chimie, Ecole Normale Supérieure, PSL Research University, UPMC Université Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratoire des Biomolécules (LBM), 75005 Paris, France.,ConverGene LLC., 3093 Beverly Lane, Unit C, Cambridge, MD 21613, United States.,Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi- 75270, Pakistan.,the Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany, and [e-mail].,Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. [e-mail].,Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; The Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.,Department of Plant Biochemistry, Photobiotechnology, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44801, Bochum, Germany.,School of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan.,Division of Bioscience and Bioinformatics, Myongji University, 116 Myongji-ro, Cheoin-gu, Yongin 03674, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Molecular Biology, SAS, Dubravska cesta 21, 845 51, Bratislava, Slovakia.,Tetramer Core, BRI at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA, USA.,Clean Energy Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea. [e-mail].,State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China [e-mail] [e-mail].,Chemical and Physical Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas, CSIC, Ramiro de Maeztu 9, E-28040 Madrid, Spain.,Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.,Department of Molecular and Cell Biology and California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.,Department of Biological Chemistry, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Colney, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK. [e-mail].,Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201210, China.,RIKEN SPring-8 Center, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo, Hyogo, 679-5148, Japan.,Department of Molecular Chemistry, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, 570 rue de la chimie, CS 40700, Grenoble 38000, France. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, 32610 Gainesville, United States.,Department of Biological Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA.,Janssen Vaccines and Prevention, Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson and Johnson, Archimedesweg 6, Leiden, CN, 2333, the Netherlands.,Structural Chemistry and Biology Team, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, CNRS UPR 2301, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.,Department of Dermatology and Allergy Biederstein, Technical University of Munich, Biedersteiner Str. 29, 80802, Munich, Germany.,Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA. [e-mail].,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.,Focus Group "Clinical Cell Processing and Purification", Institute for Advanced Study, Technical University of Munich, 81675, Munich, Germany. [e-mail].,Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA [e-mail] [e-mail].,Biognos AB, SE-40274 Gothenburg, Sweden.,Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie und Krankenhaushygiene, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany.,Half Hollow Hills High School East, Dix Hills, NY, 11746, USA.,The Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology of Fujian Province, Biomedical Research Center of South China, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350117, China.,Division of Renal-Electrolyte, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Centre for Biodiscovery and Molecular Development of Therapeutics, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine , James Cook University , Cairns , QLD 4870 , Australia.,Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Medicinal Chemistry, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49 Box 1041, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium; Laboratory for Biocrystallography, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49 Box 822, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Loyola University Chicago , Chicago , Illinois 60660 , United States.,Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Department of Oncology-Pathology , Karolinska Institute , CCK R8:01 , Karolinska Hospital , 171 76 Stockholm , Sweden.,Present address: Department of Molecular Mechanisms, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Jahnstraße 29, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,University Clinic of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Departement Klinische Forschung, University of Bern, Murtenstr. 35, CH-3010, Bern, Switzerland.,Institut für Makromolekulare Chemie, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Stefan-Meier-Straße 31, 79104, Freiburg, Germany.,Translational Medicine, Novartis Institute for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland.,Division of Molecular Medicine, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.,Department of Biophysics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; Institute of Systems Biomedicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Tumor Systems Biology, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China. Electronic address: [e-mail].,the Department of Biosciences, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1066, Blindern, N-0316 Oslo, Norway.,Research and Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, PO Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States.,Constellation Pharmaceuticals, 215 First Street, Suite 200, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.,Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH), CH-8093, Zürich, Switzerland.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR7104, Illkirch, France.,Laboratory of Chromatin Structure and Function, Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan.,Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics - DANDRITE, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 10, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.,School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.,Janssen Prevention Center, Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, 3210 Merryfield Row, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA.,Maison Française d'Oxford, CNRS, MEAE, 2-10 Norham Road, Oxford, UK.,Division of Virology, Department of Clinical Microbiology, and Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden, Umeå University, SE-90185 Umeå, Sweden.,the Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.,Computational Biochemistry, Zentrum für Medizinische Biotechnologie, Fakultät für Biologie, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 2, 45117, Essen, Germany.,Institute of Nanostructure and Solid State Physics, Department of Physics, Universität Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761, Hamburg, Germany.,Université de Lorraine, CNRS, CRM2, Nancy, France. [e-mail].,Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University , Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden.,The Central Oxford Structural Molecular Imaging Centre (COSMIC), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Physics Department, Rutgers University Newark, Newark, NJ, 07102, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Bayer AG, Muellerstrasse Berlin, Germany.,Biochemistry, Cellular, and Molecular Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA.,Institute for Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Structural Genomics Consortium and Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,From the New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Private Bag 92169, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.,Nosopharm, 110 Allée Charles Babbage, Espace Innovation 2, 30000 Nîmes, France.,Institute for Advanced Study, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, China.,Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Umeå University, SE-90187 Umeå, Sweden.,Instituto de Química, Universidade de Brasília (UnB), Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil; Departamento de Áreas Acadêmicas, Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia e Goiás (IFG), Luziânia, Goiás, Brazil.,Joint Center for Infection and Immunity, Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, China.,the Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1ST, United Kingdom.,Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden.,State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Institute of Chemistry, San Pablo CEU University, Urb. Montepríncipe, 28668, Boadilla del Monte, Spain.,Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, Michigan, USA.,Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, 08544 Princeton, NJ, United States; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, 32610 Gainesville, United States.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Maryland School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea; Department of Neuroscience, Korea University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea; Department of Neuroscience, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, and BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.,Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan.,Pfizer Structural Biology and Biophysics, Groton, Eastern Point Road, Groton, CT 06340, USA. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Department of Physics, Universität Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761, Hamburg, Germany. [e-mail].,School of Life Sciences, KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea; KNU Institute for Microorganisms, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.,Laboratory for Structural Biology of Infection and Inflammation, University of Hamburg, c/o DESY, Build. 22a, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany.,Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. [e-mail].,Department of Laboratory Medicine, Section MIG, Lund University BMC-C1228b , Klinikgatan 28, 221 84 Lund, Sweden.,European Molecular Biology Laboratories, Notkestrasse 85, 22761, Hamburg, Germany.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Keck Advanced Microscopy Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.,Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Krebs Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK. [e-mail].,The Center for Blood Research, Life Sciences Institute, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, V6T 1Z3.,Comprehensive AIDS Research Center, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China, and.,Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institute, and Division of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, SE-17176 Stockholm, Sweden.,H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi-75270, Pakistan.,European XFEL GmbH, Holzkoppel 4, 22869, Schenefeld, Germany.,Molecular Chirality Research, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage, Chiba 263-8522, Japan.,Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Cell Biology, Leibniz Research Institute for Molecular Pharmacology, Berlin, Germany.,Discovery Technologies , Merck KGaA , Frankfurter Straße 250 , 64293 Darmstadt , Germany.,Molecular Biophysics Group, Institute of Integrative Biology, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZB, UK.,Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan. [e-mail].,Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.,Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology Kyushu University Graduate School Fukuoka Japan.,German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Ingostädter Landstr. 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Utah State University, Logan, Utah, United States of America.,Área de Farmacología, Departamento de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad de Alcalá, Unidad Asociada al IQM (CSIC), Alcalá de Henares, E-28871 Madrid, Spain.,the Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, Auckland 1010, New Zealand.,Cardiff University, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, CF10 3AT, Cardiff, UNITED KINGDOM.,Laboratorio de Biofisicoquímica, Departamento de Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México,Ciudad de México 04510, México.,Unit for Structural Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, School of Molecular & Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK.,Research Network of Immunity and Health (RNIH), Beijing Institutes of Life Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 100101 Beijing, China; [e-mail] [e-mail].,Department of Immunology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA; Center for Vaccine Research, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA.,4Shanghai Science Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,Department of Chemistry, Seaver Chemistry Laboratory, Pomona College, Claremont, CA 91711, United States. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, School of Molecular & Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK. [e-mail].,Department of Biochemistry and the Emory Comprehensive Glycomics Core, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Physiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA. [e-mail].,Bayer AG, Muellerstrasse Berlin, Germany. [e-mail].,Olema Pharmaceuticals, San Francisco, CA, 94107, USA. [e-mail].,Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.,Institute of Human Genetics, Technical University of Munich, 81675, Munich, Germany.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Inorganic Chemistry Ι, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44801, Bochum, Germany.,5Markey Center for Structural Biology, Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN USA.,Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Chemistry Modeling and Informatics, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, PA 19486, United States. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Departments of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Chemistry , University of California , Irvine , California 92697-3900 , United States.,Institut Curie, PSL Research University, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 144, Molecular Mechanisms of Intracellular Transport, Paris, France.,Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA. [e-mail].,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.,Janssen Prevention Center, Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, Archimedesweg 6, 2333, CN, Leiden, the Netherlands.,Laboratory of Metabolism, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.,Turku Centre for Biotechnology, Turku, Finland.,Centre for Biological Sciences and Institute of Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK.,State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and National Centre of Plant Gene Research, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.,the Centre for Biological Signalling Studies (BIOSS), University of Freiburg, D-79106 Freiburg, Germany.,Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Life Sciences Institute, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada, V6T 1Z3; [e-mail].,H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan.,Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.,Biomedical and X-Ray Physics, Department of Applied Physics, AlbaNova University Center, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, 106 91, Sweden.,From the Department of Biochemistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5E5, Canada.,Department of Crystallography, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Robert-Rössle-Strasse 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany.,Smartox Biotechnology, 6 rue des platanes, Saint Egrève 38120, France.,Department of Neuroscience, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, and BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, PA 19486, United States.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, The Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Chemistry for Life Sciences and Agriculture, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1 Sakuragaoka, Setagaya, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan.,CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 881 Madison Avenue, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.,Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biology, York University, Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3, Canada.,Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France [e-mail].,Plant Biology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.,Department of Protein Science, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, AlbaNova University Center, Royal Institute of Technology, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.,The Key Laboratory of Innate Immune Biology of Fujian Province, Biomedical Research Center of South China, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350117, China. [e-mail].,Provincial University Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Response and Metabolic Regulation, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350117, China. [e-mail].,Department of Chemistry , University at Buffalo , Buffalo , New York 14260-3000 , United States.,National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China. [e-mail].,State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China. [e-mail].,Department of Chemistry Pomona College Claremont CA USA.,CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101 Beijing, China [e-mail] [e-mail].,Institute of Medical Microbiology, University of Zurich, 8006, Zurich, Switzerland.,Division of Biochemical Sciences, CSIR National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, India.,Instituto de Biotecnologia, UNAM, Av. Universidad 2001, Chamilpa, 62210 Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.,Faculty of Agriculture, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka, Japan.,Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe-University Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany [e-mail] [e-mail].,State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tōhoku University, 2-1-1, Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8577, Japan.,Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zurich, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, 06123, Perugia, Italy.,Center for Structural Biology, VIB, B-1050, Brussels, Belgium.,Laboratory of Global Healthcare, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Kyushu University , Fukuoka 812-8582 , Japan.,Unité de Biologie Cellulaire de l'Infection Microbienne, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,Pfizer World Wide Research and Development , La Jolla , California 92121 , United States.,Promega Corporation , 2800 Woods Hollow Road , Madison , Wisconsin 53711 , United States.,Theodor Boveri Institute of Biosciences (Biocenter), University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany.,Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong, 793022, India.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China [e-mail] [e-mail].,National Center for Protein Science Shanghai, Shanghai, China.,Division of Structural Biology, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7BN, UK.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Physiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Université Paris 06, Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, Laboratoire des Biomolécules (LBM), 4 place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France.,Center for Biomolecular Sciences, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607, USA. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Molecular Biology Consortium, Beamline 4.2.2, Advanced Light Source , Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley , California 94720 , United States.,Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Jahnstr. 29, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, USA.,Structural Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA. [e-mail].,Research & Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, P.O. Box 5400, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States.,Neuroscience Drug Discovery Unit, Research , Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited , 26-1, Muraoka-Higashi 2-chome, Fujisawa , Kanagawa 251-8555 , Japan.,Diamond Light Source, Research Complex at Harwell, and University of Oxford, Diamond House, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire, OX11 0DE, UK.,Laboratório Nacional de Biociências-LNBio/Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais-CNPEM, Rua Giuseppe Máximo Scolfaro, No. 10.000-Guara, Caixa Postal 6192, CEP 13083-970, Campinas-SP, Brazil.,Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607, Hamburg, Germany. [e-mail].,Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02139.,Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States.,Laboratory of Drug Design and Medicinal Chemistry , Showa Pharmaceutical University , 3-3165 Higashi-Tamagawagakuen , Machida, Tokyo 194-8543 , Japan.,Department of Biology and Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Berne, CH-3012, Berne, Switzerland.,Arietis Pharma, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Center for Medical Biotechnology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Hematology and Oncology , Kantonsspital St. Gallen , 9007 St. Gallen , Switzerland.,Université de Lorraine, CNRS, CRM2, Nancy, France.,Present address: Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK.,Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology , University of Copenhagen , 2100 Copenhagen , Denmark.,Department of Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Konoe-cho, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan. [e-mail].,Institut Pasteur, Unité de Microbiologie Structurale, CNRS UMR 3528 & Université Paris Diderot, 25 rue du Dr. Roux, 75724 Paris CEDEX 15, France. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.,Centre for Biological Sciences and Institute of Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK; Oxford Glycobiology Institute, Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK; Division of Structural Biology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK.,Amgen Postdoctoral Fellow Program, Cambridge, MA, United States of America.,Centre de Recherches sur les Macromolécules Végétales (CERMAV), CNRS and Grenoble Alpes Université, BP53, 38000 Grenoble Cedex 9, France, and.,Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 16C, 10691, Stockholm, Sweden.,Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, 71 avenue des Martyrs CS 10090, 38044, Grenoble, France.,Centre for Systems Structural Biology (CSSB), DESY and European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Notkestrasse 85, Hamburg D-22607, Germany.,Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-0146, United States.,Department of Molecular and Systems Biology and Norris Cotton Cancer Center , Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth , 1 Medical Centre Drive HB7936 , Lebanon , New Hampshire 03756 , United States.,CR-UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK; Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK.,Center of Pharmaceutical Engeneering (PVZ), Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany.,iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2780-901, Oeiras, Portugal. [e-mail].,School of Life Sciences, KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea. [e-mail].,School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China [e-mail] [e-mail].,Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Noskowskiego 12/14, 61-704 Poznan, Poland.,Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Academic Medical Center, Meidreefberg 9, 1105, AZ, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, PA 19486, United States. Electronic address: [e-mail].,CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100101 Beijing, China.,European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), Grenoble, France.,Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM U1021, Normal and Pathological Development of Melanocytes, Orsay, France.,School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, Institute for Molecular Bioscience and Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia.,Biomarker Discovery, Novartis Institute for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland.,Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Marburg, Germany.,DePaul University, 243 South Wabash Ave., Chicago, IL 60604-6116, United States.,Institute of Chemistry and Metabolomics, Center of Structural and Cell Biology in Medicine (CSCM), University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562, Lübeck, Germany.,SARomics Biostructures AB , Medicon Village, SE-223 63 Lund, Sweden.,Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, 721302, India. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Department of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,ManRos Therapeutics, Hôtel de Recherche, Centre de Perharidy, Roscoff, France.,Laboratory of Genome Science, Biosignal Genome Resource Center, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, 3-39-15 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma, 371-8512, Japan.,California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences (QB3), University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Molecular Biophysics and Integrative Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.,Institut für Physikalische Biologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany. [e-mail].,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA.,Churchill College, CB3 0DS Cambridge, UK.,Department of Structural Chemistry, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, PA 19486, United States.,Translational Research Program, BRI at Virginia Mason, Seattle, WA, USA.,Laboratoire de Chimie des Processus Biologiques, UMR 8229 CNRS, Collège de France, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris CEDEX 05, France.,School of Life Sciences, KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biology and Chemistry Laboratory of Biomolecular Research, Paul Scherrer Institut (PSI), 5232 Villigen, Switzerland.,Epiremed SAS, 1 Rue des Pénitents Blancs, 31000 Toulouse, France.,Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Anam-ro 145, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zürich, Switzerland. [e-mail].,CREST/JST, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan.,Center for Integrated Protein Science at the Department Chemistry, Chair of Biochemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85748, Garching, Germany. [e-mail].,Program in Structural Biology and Biophysics, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.,Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, Copenhagen, 2100, Denmark.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, 02142, USA.,Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Illkirch, France.,TB Discovery Research , Infectious Disease Research Institute , 1616 Eastlake Avenue E , Seattle , Washington 98102 , United States.,Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, CA, 94550, USA.,Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea [e-mail].,State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China, and.,Department of Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 7610001, Israel.,Laboratoire Architecture Fonction des Macromolécules Biologiques (AFMB-UMR 7257), Aix-Marseille Université & CNRS, 163 avenue de Luminy, 13288 Marseille cedex 09, France.,Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA. [e-mail].,Department of Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 7, 45117, Essen, Germany.,Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Joint Center for Infection and Immunity, Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou, China.,International Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.,Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607, Hamburg, Germany.,Graduate School of Innovative Life Science , University of Toyama , 2630 Sugitani , Toyama 930-0194 , Japan.,Nova Southeastern University Cell Therapy Institute, Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Allopathic Medicine, Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, FL 33301.,National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China. [e-mail].,Arietis Pharma, Boston, Massachusetts, USA [e-mail].,Department of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medicine, Cornell University, New York, NY, 10065, USA.,Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, 359 Natural Sciences Complex, Buffalo, NY, 14260, USA.,Department of Microbiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.,Engineering and the Environment, University of Southampton, SO17 1BJ, Southampton, UK.,Janssen Prevention Center, Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, Archimedesweg 6, 2333, CN, Leiden, the Netherlands. [e-mail].,Institute for Systems Biology, 401 Terry Avenue North, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA.,Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Musculoskeletal Diseases, Novartis Institute for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland.,BioCIS, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, Châtenay-Malabry, France.,Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104-6059, USA.,Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Krebs Institute, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK.,Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.,Molecular Biophysics Group, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom.,CR-UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK; Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, UK. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Bioinformatics Institute, A(∗)STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore 138671, Singapore; Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore; School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, CH-8057, Zürich, Switzerland.,Institute for Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Hygiene, Technical University of Munich, Trogerstr. 30, 81675, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Biomedicine, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.,From the Institutes of Biochemistry, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 12/II, 8010 Graz.,Department of Cell Biochemistry, University of Groningen, Groningen 9747 AG, Netherlands.,Bioorganic Chemistry and Bio-Crystallography Laboratory (B(2)Cl), Faculty of Science and Technology, Free University of Bolzano, Piazza Università 5, 39100 Bolzano, Italy. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Michael DeGroote Institute for Infectious Disease Research, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. [e-mail].,Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium. [e-mail].,Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.,Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA; Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil.,MRC Protein Phosphorylation & Ubiquitylation Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dow Street, Dundee DD1 5EH, UK.,From The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Science, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China, [e-mail].,Structural Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.,Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Computer Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.,JST, PRESTO, 1-33 Yayoi-cho, Inage, Chiba 263-8522, Japan.,Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK. Electronic address: [e-mail].,State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Genetics and Development, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China. [e-mail].,Institute of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, India.,Biologie Cellulaire de la Synapse, Institute of Biology, Ecole Normale Supérieure, Paris, France.,State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.,Institute of Biochemistry, Center for Structural and Cell Biology in Medicine, University of Lübeck, Ratzeburger Allee 160, 23562, Lübeck, Germany.,Epizyme, Inc. , 400 Technology Square, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States.,Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS UMR 3347, Orsay, France.,Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Center for Structural and Functional Neuroscience, and Center for Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics , University of Montana , Missoula , Montana 59812 , United States.,German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Trogerstr. 30, 81675, Munich, Germany.,Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield Medical School, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield, S10 2RX, UK.,Bioinformatics Institute, A(∗)STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore 138671, Singapore; Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore.,Discovery Synthesis, Research and Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Route 206 and Province Line Road, Princeton, New Jersey 08543, United States.,Preclinical Safety, Novartis Institute for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland.,Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, RWTH Aachen University, 52074, Aachen, Germany.,Magnetic Resonance Center CERM , University of Florence , Via Luigi Sacconi 6 , 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence , Italy.,Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire & Végétale, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, INRA, BIG, Grenoble, USA. [e-mail].,Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.,Department of Cell Biology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Konoe-cho, Yoshida, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan. [e-mail].,Department of Biological Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 6-3-1 Niijuku, Katsushika-ku, Tokyo 125-8585, Japan.,Institute for Protein Research Osaka University Suita Japan.,Neuroscience, Novartis Institute for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland [e-mail] [e-mail].,Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering , The University of Tokyo , Tokyo 113-8656 , Japan.,State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette CEDEX, France.,Institute of Structural Biology, Rudolf Virchow Center for Experimental Biomedicine, University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2, 97080 Würzburg, Germany. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Department of Wine Studies Santa Rosa Junior College CA USA.,Department of NEUROFARBA-Pharmacology and Toxicology Section, University of Florence, Viale G. Pieraccini 6, 50019 Florence, Italy.,Ubiquitin Project, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science , 2-1-6 Kamikitazawa , Setagaya, Tokyo 156-8506 , Japan.,Laboratorio de Investigación Bioquímica, Programa Institucional en Biomedicina Molecular ENMyH-IPN, Guillermo Massieu Helguera No. 239, La Escalera Ticoman, 07320 DF, Mexico.,California National Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.,Institute of Medical Microbiology, University of Zurich, 8006, Zurich, Switzerland. [e-mail].,Center for Biomolecular Sciences, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60607, USA.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Institut Pasteur, Plate-forme de Cristallographie, CNRS UMR 3528, 25 rue du Dr. Roux, 75724 Paris CEDEX 15, France.,Department of Plant Biochemistry, Photobiotechnology, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44801, Bochum, Germany. [e-mail].,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,the School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch 8041, New Zealand, and.,F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG, Konzern-Hauptsitz, Grenzacherstrasse 124, CH-4070 Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Pathology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081, HV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Molecular Biophysics and Integrative Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; MSU-DOE Plant Research Laboratory and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.,Laboratorio de Estructura Biomolecular, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C. (CIAD), Carretera a Ejido La Victoria Km 0.6, Apartado Postal 1735, Hermosillo, Sonora 83304, Mexico.,National Center for Protein Science Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China [e-mail] [e-mail].,Center for Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.,Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, 530A Steinhaus Hall, Irvine, CA 92697-3900, USA.,The Hamburg Center for Ultrafast Imaging, Universität Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761, Hamburg, Germany.,The Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA; Departments of Pediatrics and Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA. Electronic address: [e-mail].,DGIMI, INRA, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.,Chemical Genetics Laboratory, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.,MindImmune Therapeutics, Inc., and the George & Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience , University of Rhode Island , 7 Greenhouse Road , Kingston , Rhode Island 02881 , United States.,Institute of Structural Biology, Rudolf Virchow Center for Experimental Biomedicine, University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2, 97080 Würzburg, Germany; Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Biotechnology and Biophysics, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.,Heptares Therapeutics Zürich AG, Grabenstrasse 11a, 8952, Zürich, Switzerland.,Department of Molecular and Cell Biology and California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.,Department of Molecular Chemistry, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, 570 rue de la chimie, CS 40700, Grenoble 38000, France; Smartox Biotechnology, 6 rue des platanes, Saint Egrève 38120, France.,Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Department of Molecular Biology, Am Fassberg 11, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.,Department of Drug Metabolism, Merck Research Laboratories, West Point, PA 19486, United States.,Center for Integrated Protein Science at the Department Chemie, Lehrstuhl für Biochemie , Technische Universität München , 85748 Garching , Germany.,NERSC, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, 94720, CA, USA.,Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale and School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei Anhui, China.,Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography , University of California, San Diego , La Jolla , California 92093 , United States.,Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Orsay, France.,College of Medicine , Texas A&M University Health Science Center , Bryan , Texas 77807 , United States.,Seed Compounds Exploratory Unit for Drug Discovery Platform, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan [e-mail].,Center for Molecular Biophysics, CNRS, rue Charles Sadron, CS 80054, Orléans 45071, France.,Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115.,Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 S 34th St, Philadelphia, PA 19104.,Institute of Molecular Biology & Biophysics, ETH Zurich, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Australian Research Council (ARC) Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Department of Chemistry and Physics, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Sciences, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, 3086, Australia.,1National Center for Protein Science Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,Center for Neuro-Medicine, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Hwarangro 14-gil 5, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea.,Department of Plant Science, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Herts AL5 2JQ, United Kingdom.,Olema Pharmaceuticals, San Francisco, CA, 94107, USA.,Large-Scale Structures Group, Institut Laue-Langevin, 38042 Grenoble, France.,Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Laboratory of Basic Science on Healthy Longevity, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA; The Andrew M. and Jane M. Bursky Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.,Pfizer Worldwide Medicinal Chemistry, Neuroscience and Pain Research Unit, Granta Park, Great Abington, Cambridge CB21 6GS, UK.,Galecto Biotech AB , Sahlgrenska Science Park, Medicinaregatan 8 A, SE-413 46 Gothenburg, Sweden.,Pfizer Worldwide Research and Development , 1 Portland Street , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139 , United States.,Ruhr University Bochum, Fakultät für Medizin, Institute for Biochemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Microbial Biochemistry, Universitätsstr. 150, 44780 Bochum, Germany.,Molecular Biophysics and Integrative Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; MSU-DOE Plant Research Laboratory and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA; Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of California, San Diego , La Jolla , California 92093 , United States.,Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Kyungbuk, 37673, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biology Pomona College Claremont CA USA.,Division of Virology, Department of Clinical Microbiology, and Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden, Umeå University, SE-90185 Umeå, Sweden; [e-mail] [e-mail].,Global Discovery Chemistry, Novartis Institute for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah-21412, Saudi Arabia.,Center for Integrated Protein Science at the Department Chemistry, Chair of Biochemistry, Technical University of Munich, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85748, Garching, Germany.,Nano Life Science Institute (WPI NanoLSI), Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan.,Carol Yu Centre for Infection, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA.,Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.,Biologics Process Development, Bristol-Myers Squibb, 311 Pennington Rocky Hill Road, Pennington, New Jersey 08534, United States.,Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore; Centre for BioImaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117557, Singapore. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Laboratory for Biocrystallography, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49 Box 822, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Plant Biochemistry, Photobiotechnology, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44801, Bochum, Germany. [e-mail].,Department of Bioscience, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8502, Japan.,The Central Oxford Structural Molecular Imaging Centre (COSMIC), University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. [e-mail].,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Sturlugata 8, 101, Reykjavik, Iceland.,EMD Serono Research & Development Institute, Inc., 45A Middlesex Turnpike, Billerica 01821, MA, USA. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Department of Chemistry, Department of Molecular Biosciences, Chemistry of Life Processes Institute, Center for Molecular Innovation and Drug Discovery, Center for Developmental Therapeutics , Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road , Evanston , Illinois 60208-3113 , United States.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR3691, Paris, France.,Life Sciences Institute , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , Michigan 48109 , United States.,3CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Drug Discovery and Design Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,Condensed Matter Physics, Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, 412 96, Sweden.,Faculty of Chemistry, Philipps-University-Marburg, Marburg, Germany.,Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Institute of Experimental Botany ASCR and Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic.,Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33458; [e-mail].,Institute of Science and Technology, Klosterneuburg, Austria.,Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Neuroscience and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark.,California National Primate Research Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA; Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232.,Department of Structural Biology of Signaling Proteins, Division BIOCEV, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vestec, Czech Republic.,College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Structural Biology, Rudolf Virchow Center for Experimental Biomedicine, University of Würzburg, Josef-Schneider-Str. 2, 97080 Würzburg, Germany.,Proteros Biostructures GmbH, Bunsenstraße 7a, 82152, Planegg, Germany.,Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore; Centre for BioImaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117557, Singapore.,University Cancer Center Frankfurt (UCT), Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany.,Pfizer Neuroscience and Pain Research Unit, Granta Park, Great Abington, Cambridge CB21 6GS, UK. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Department of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland.,Unit for Structural Biology, Center for Inflammation Research, VIB, Ghent, Belgium.,State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.,Shanghai Science Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA. [e-mail].,Institut de Biologie Moleculaire et Cellulaire, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Strasbourg, France.,State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Genetics and Development, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China.,From the Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, Box 596, S-751 24 Uppsala, Sweden, [e-mail].,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.,Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Physical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.,Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, McGovern Medical School, 6431 Fannin St, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.,Bioinformatics Institute, A(∗)STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore 138671, Singapore; Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium. [e-mail].,Institute of Biophysics, Goethe University, DE-60438, Frankfurt, Germany.,Department of Microbiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,Medical Innovation Center, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid 28040, Spain; 12 de Octubre Health Research Institute (imas12), Madrid 28040, Spain.,Institute for Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center of the Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Feodor-Lynen Str. 25, 81377, Munich, Germany.,Center for Innovative Antimicrobial Therapy, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.,Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.,Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire & Végétale, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, INRA, BIG, Grenoble, USA.,From the School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand, [e-mail].,Expertise Centre for Bioassay Development and Screening, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.,Amgen Discovery Research, Cambridge, MA, USA.,PK Sciences, Novartis Institute for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland.,Research & Development, Pharmaceuticals , Bayer AG , 13353 Berlin , Germany.,Department of Biomolecular Mechanisms, Max Planck Institute for Medical Research, Jahnstr. 29, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Toyama , 2630 Sugitani , Toyama 930-0914 , Japan.,Center for Cellular Imaging and NanoAnalytics, Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA.,School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia Queensland, 4072, Australia.,the Norwegian College of Fisheries Science, Arctic University of Norway, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway, and.,CR-UK Beatson Institute, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK.,Department of Food and Drug , University of Parma , 43124 , Parma , Italy.,Institute of Medical Science , The University of Tokyo , Tokyo 108-8639 , Japan.,Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemiology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Haidian District, Beijing, China.,Instituto de Estructura de la Materia, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas IEM-CSIC, Serrano 121, E-28006 Madrid, Spain.,Laboratório de Espectrometria de Massa, Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Biocenter Oulu and Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, PO Box 5400, FI-90014 Oulu, Finland.,Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.,Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA.,Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. [e-mail].,Human Longevity, Inc., San Diego, California, USA.,Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel.,Laboratory of Metabolism, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA. [e-mail].,Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast Queensland, 4222, Australia.,Research Network of Immunity and Health (RNIH), Beijing Institutes of Life Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), 100101 Beijing, China.,Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Cellule Pasteur, Paris, France.,Institute for Clinical Neurobiology, University of Würzburg, Versbacherstr. 5, 97078 Würzburg, Germany.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Miami University , Oxford , Ohio 45056 , United States.,Division of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute of Life Science and Natural Resources, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Structural Biology Laboratory, G. N. Ramachandran Protein Centre, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Institute of Microbial Technology (CSIR-IMTECH), Chandigarh, India.,CNRS FRE3600 ETaC, bât. IBCG, 31062 Toulouse, France [e-mail].,DNA Damage Response Laboratory, Sir William Dunn School of Pathology, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3RE, UK. Electronic address: [e-mail].,RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, 1-7-22 Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan. [e-mail] [e-mail].,Janssen Neuroscience Discovery, Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, Turnhoutseweg 30, 2340, Beerse, Belgium.,Forage Science Group, AgResearch, Christchurch, 8140, New Zealand.,Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, United States.,Sosei Heptares, Steinmetz Building, Granta Park, Great Abington, Cambridge, CB21 6DG, UK.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Unit of Anti-Viral Immunity and Genetic Therapy, Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institute Pasteur of Shanghai, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200031, China.,National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, United States.,Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging, Berkeley Center for Structural Biology, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA.,Institute of Complex Systems, Strukturbiochemie (ICS-6), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany.,Department of Structural Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, Dortmund, Germany. [e-mail].,Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA. [e-mail].,Department of Chemistry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02139.,Department of Biophysics, Protein Crystallography, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, 44801, Bochum, Germany.,Life Sciences Institute and Department of Biological Chemistry , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , Michigan 48109 , United States.,Merck Sharp Dohme Corporation , West Point Pennsylvania 19486 , United States.,Fraunhofer UMSICHT, Osterfelder Straße, 346047, Oberhausen, Germany.,Present address: Janssen R&D US, 3210 Merryfield Row, San Diego, CA, 92121, USA.,Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Southport, QLD, 4222, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Department of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-0146, United States.,Unité de Dynamique Structurale des Macromolécules, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,Integrated Biology Infrastructure Life-Science Facility at the European XFEL (XBI), Holzkoppel 4, 22869, Schenefeld, Germany.,Astex Pharmaceuticals , 436 Cambridge Science Park , Cambridge , CB4 0QA , UK . Email: [e-mail] ; Email: [e-mail].,Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale,CAS Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disease, Neurodegenerative Disorder Research Center, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.,Department of Physics, Experimental Molecular Biophysics, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195, Berlin, Germany.,RIKEN SPring-8 Center, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo, Hyogo, 679-5148, Japan. [e-mail].,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Sturlugata 8, 101, Reykjavik, Iceland. [e-mail].,Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea.,Université de Lorraine, INRA, IAM, Nancy, France. [e-mail].,Departments of Chemistry, Immunology, Chemistry Modeling and Informatics, In Vitro Pharmacology, Target Protein Design and Structural Chemistry, Merck & Co., Inc., 33 Avenue Louis Pasteur, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States.,Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal.,CNRS UMR8261-Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, Paris, France.,Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA [e-mail] [e-mail].,Centre for Cellular Imaging and NanoAnalytics, Biozentrum, University of Basel, 4058, Basel, Switzerland.,From the Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany, [e-mail].,Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA.,Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland. [e-mail].,Interfaculty Institute of BiochemistryUniversity of Tübingen, University of Tübingen, Hoppe-Seyler-Strasse 4, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.,Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, 02139.,KNU Institute for Microorganisms, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.,Unité Mixte de Recherche 3528, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris, France.,National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems , 00136 , Rome , Italy.,Computational and Molecular Evolutionary Biology Research Group, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.,Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, India.,School of Food Science and Biotechnology, Kyungsung University, 309 Suyeong-ro, Daeyeon 3-dong, Nam-gu, Busan 608-736, Republic of Korea.,School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Department of Physics, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 464-8602, Japan.,DISFARM, Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Sezione Chimica Generale e Organica, Università degli Studi, Milano, Italy.,Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan. [e-mail].,Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA.,the New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand, and.,Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK.,Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Laboratory for Structural Biology of Infection and Inflammation, Universität Hamburg, Notkestrasse 85, 22607, Hamburg, Germany.,Laboratoire de Chimie des Processus Biologiques, UMR 8229 CNRS, Collège de France, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris CEDEX 05, France. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Institute of Biochemistry, ETH Zurich, 8093, Zurich, Switzerland.,Department of Crystallography, Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine, Robert-Rössle-Strasse 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany; Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustrasse 6, 14195 Berlin, Germany.,Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan. [e-mail].,State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,LOEWE Center for Synthetic Microbiology (Synmikro), Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany.,the Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.,Depart. Ingeniería Aeroespacial y Mecánica de Fluidos ETSI, Universidad de Sevilla, 41092, Sevilla, Spain.,Pfizer Neuroscience and Pain Research Unit, Granta Park, Great Abington, Cambridge CB21 6GS, UK.,Bahauddin Zakariya University, Botany Division, Institute of Pure & Applied Biology, 60800 Multan, Pakistan.,NEUROFARBA Department, Pharmaceutical Sciences Section, Universita degli Studi di Firenze, Polo Scientifico, Via Ugo Schiff no. 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy.,Lund Protein Production Platform (LP3) & Department of Biology, Lund University, 223 62 Lund, Sweden.,Structural Genomics Consortium, BMLS, Goethe-University Frankfurt, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany.,Abteilung Physikalische Biochemie, Max-Planck-Institut für molekulare Physiologie, Dortmund, Germany.,Heinz Maier-Leibnitz Zentrum (MLZ), Technische Universität München, 85748 Garching, Germany.,Global Drug Development, Novartis, Basel, Switzerland.,Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Medicinal Chemistry , Merck KGaA , 64293 Darmstadt , Germany.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. [e-mail].,Mycobacteria Research Laboratories, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA.,Department of Infection and Immunity, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 29 rue Henri Koch, L-4354, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.,Department of Chemistry, SUNY Cortland, Cortland, NY, 13045, USA.,State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; The Cooperative Innovation Center for Sustainable Pig Production, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China. Electronic address: [e-mail].,VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd., Espoo, Finland.,Department of Medical Chemistry, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan. [e-mail].,Department of Physics, Universität Hamburg, Luruper Chaussee 149, 22761, Hamburg, Germany.,the Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany, and.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and the Center for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, 2350 Health Sciences Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada.,From the Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, Box 596, S-751 24 Uppsala, Sweden.,Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, Republic of Korea.,Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Institute of, Complex Molecular Systems, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Den Dolech 2, 5612, AZ, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.,Protein Function Discovery Facility, Queen's University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada.,Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.,Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, University of Tübingen, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany.,State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.,Department of Biological Chemistry , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor Michigan 48109 , United States.,Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Discovery Sciences, Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, Turnhoutseweg 30, 2340, Beerse, Belgium.,Aix-Marseille Université, IRBA, TMCD2 UMR-MD1, Faculté de Médecine, Marseille, France.,School of Biotechnology and Graduate School of Biochemistry, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, South Korea.,Neuroscience, Novartis Institute for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland.,Science for Life Laboratory Department of Theoretical Physics, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287, USA.,University Chemical Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, U.K.,Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, Michigan, USA [e-mail] [e-mail].,Laboratory for Interdisciplinary Physics, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, 140 Avenue de la Physique, BP 87, Saint-Martin d'Hères 38402, France.,Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Center for Molecular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden; Department of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,Laboratory of Molecular & Structural Microbiology, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Mataojo 2020, 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay; Laboratory of Integrative Biophysics, Departamento de Biofísica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay.,Center for Molecular Neurobiology, ZMNH, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Falkenried 94, 20251 Hamburg, Germany.,Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Engineering , The University of Tokyo , Tokyo 108-8639 , Japan.,Institut Pasteur, Unité de Microbiologie Structurale, CNRS UMR 3528 & Université Paris Diderot, 25 rue du Dr. Roux, 75724 Paris CEDEX 15, France. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, Novartis Institute for BioMedical Research, Basel, Switzerland.,Plant Biology Laboratory, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, Svante Arrhenius väg 16C, 10691, Stockholm, Sweden. [e-mail].,CNRS FRE3600 ETaC, bât. IBCG, 31062 Toulouse, France.,Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED), Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan. [e-mail].,Laboratory of Molecular & Structural Microbiology, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Mataojo 2020, 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay; Department of Microbiology, Institut Pasteur, rue du Dr Roux, 75015 Paris, France. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA. [e-mail].,the Institute for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany, and [e-mail].,National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, National Institutes of Health, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, United States. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Neuronal Structural Biology, Biomedical Research Institute, Shenzhen Peking University-The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen, China.,Centre for BioImaging Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117557, Singapore; Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore.,Humans and the Microbiome Program, Canadian Institute for Advanced Research, Toronto, Canada.,Chemical Genomics Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.,Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, 44106, USA.,Department of Molecular Biosciences, Northwestern University, Evanston, United States.,Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED), Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology (CREST), Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan.,Physics Department, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 3135 N. Maryland Ave, Milwaukee, WI, 53211, USA.,College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada.,IPICYT, División de Biología Molecular, Camino a la Presa San José 2055, CP 78216 San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Mexico.,Provincial University Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Response and Metabolic Regulation, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, 350117, China.,German Mouse Clinic, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.,VIB-VUB Center For Structural Biology, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Biochemistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Chemistry , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , Michigan 48109 , United States.,Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology, Marburg, Germany. [e-mail].,Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria.,Institute of Biochemistry, University of Cologne, 50674 Koeln, Germany.,Biomedical Research Institute, KIST, Hwarangro 14-gil 5, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea; School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea.,Center for RNA Research, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104-6059, USA. [e-mail].,From the Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, ZBMZ, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany.,Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche "Mario Negri" IRCCS , via La Masa 19 , 20156 Milan , Italy.,Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida, College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA. [e-mail].,Northern Genetics Service, The Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Institute of Genetic Medicine, International Centre for Life, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 3BZ, UK.,Faculty of Science, Leiden University, 2300 RA, Leiden, The Netherlands.,Comprehensive AIDS Research Center, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China, and [e-mail].,Department of Biology, Chemistry and Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Hauptman-Woodward Institute and Department of Structural Biology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences , University at Buffalo , Buffalo , New York 14203-1102 , United States.,Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology, School of Molecular & Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK. Electronic address: [e-mail].,School of Life Sciences and Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230027, People's Republic of China.,Mid Sweden University, Holmgatan 10, 85170, Sundsvall, Sweden.,Laboratorio Nacional de Genómica para la Biodiversidad, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Apartado Postal 629, Irapuato, CP 36821 Guanajuato, Mexico.,Department of Medicine and Surgery , University of Parma , 43124 , Parma , Italy.,Department of Chemical Biology and Therapeutics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA.,Key Laboratory for Insect-Pollinator Biology of the Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Apiculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,Department of Biological Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA; Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Department of Medicine, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.,Diamond Light Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, UK; Research Complex at Harwell, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0FA, UK.,Division BIOCEV, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Vestec, Czech Republic.,Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, UNITED STATES.,From the School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand.,Paul Scherrer Institut, Forschungsstrasse 111, 5232, Villigen, Switzerland.,Laboratory Redox Biology of Trypanosomes, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Mataojo 2020, 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay.,Ben May Department for Cancer Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.,School of Biological Sciences, University of Essex, Wivenhoe Park, Colchester, CO4 3SQ, UK.,Department of Biological Chemistry, John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Colney, Norwich, NR4 7UH, UK.,iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2780-901, Oeiras, Portugal.,Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA. [e-mail].,Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas 77843 , United States.,BioEM Lab, Biozentrum, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,From the New Zealand Institute for Plant and Food Research Limited, Private Bag 92169, Auckland 1142, New Zealand, [e-mail].,Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstr. 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.,Epizyme, Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America.,Basic Science Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA.,Bioinformatics Institute, A(∗)STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Singapore 138671, Singapore.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Biocenter Oulu and Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada.,Institute of Molecular Systems Biology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.,Department of Biotechnology, HungKuang University, Taichung, Taiwan.,European Spallation Source ERIC, PO Box 176, 22100 Lund, Sweden.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U 1258, Illkirch, France.,Department of Molecular Engineering, Amgen Inc., South San Francisco, CA, United States of America.,Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden; Department of Infectious Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.,School of Molecular Sciences and Biodesign Center for Applied Structural Discovery, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287-1604, USA.,National Center for Protein Science Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.,Department of Microbiology, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Tropical Medicine, and Research Center for Neglected Diseases of Poverty, School of Medicine and Health Sciences , George Washington University , Washington, D.C. 20052 , United States.,Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia Queensland, 4072, Australia. [e-mail].,Photosynthesis Research Center, Key Laboratory of Photobiology, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Department of NEUROFARBA, Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical section, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy.,Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield Medical School, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield, S10 2RX, UK. [e-mail].,Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Max F. Perutz Laboratories (MFPL), University of Vienna, Vienna BioCenter, Dr. Bohr-Gasse 9, 1030 Vienna, Austria. Electronic address: [e-mail].,WuXi AppTec , 288 Fute Zhong Road , Shanghai 200131 , China.,Institut Charles Gerhardt Montpellier, UMR 5253 CNRS-UM-ENSCM, Montpellier, France.,Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan. [e-mail].,Medical Research Council Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, School of Life Sciences, James Black Centre , University of Dundee , Dow Street , DD1 5EH , Dundee , Scotland , United Kingdom.,Maryland Pathogen Research Institute, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742.,Pfizer Worldwide Research & Development , 610 Main Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States.,Pfizer World Wide Research and Development , Eastern Point Road , Groton , Connecticut 06340 , United States.,Shenzhen Institute of Innovation and Research, The University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China.,Chemical Biology, Zentrum für Medizinische Biotechnologie, Fakultät für Biologie, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstr. 2, 45117, Essen, Germany.,Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA; Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA. Electronic address: [e-mail].,From the Institutes of Biochemistry, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 12/II, 8010 Graz, [e-mail].,Institute of Medical Microbiology, Virology and Hygiene, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), 20246, Hamburg, Germany.,Convergence Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Care System of Dementia, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Laboratory of Molecular and Structural Microbiology, Mataojo 2002, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay; Institut Pasteur, Departement de Microbiologie, 25-28 rue du Dr. Roux, 75724 Paris CEDEX 15, France.,Channel Receptors Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.,Universidad de Guadalajara, Centro Universitario de Ciencias Exactas e Ingenierías, Departamento de Química, Blvd. Marcelino García Barragán, Ciudad Universitaria, 44430 Guadalajara, Mexico.,Ottawa Institute of Systems Biology, Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, 451 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada.,Global Drug Development, Novartis, Basel, Switzerland [e-mail] [e-mail].,Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Center for Molecular Protein Science, Department of Chemistry, Lund University , Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden.,Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co. KG , 1221 Vienna , Austria.,Institut Pasteur, Unité de Microbiologie Structurale, CNRS UMR 3528 & Université Paris Diderot, 25 rue du Dr. Roux, 75724 Paris CEDEX 15, France.,Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry , University of Vienna , UZA 2, Althanstrasse 14 , 1090 Vienna , Austria.,Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA. [e-mail].,Discipline of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore 453 552, India.,Structural Genomics Consortium, Nuffield Department of Medicine, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom.,RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo, Japan.,Department of Medical Sciences, Rheumatology, Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,ELI Beamlines, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Na Slovance 2, 182 21, Prague, Czech Republic.,Institut für Physikalische Biologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225, Düsseldorf, Germany. [e-mail].,Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.,Laboratório de Espectrometria de Massa, Embrapa Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil.,Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742.,State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, China.,Graduate School of Life Science, University of Hyogo, 3-2-1 Kouto, Kamigori, Ako, Hyogo, 678-1297, Japan. [e-mail].

Macromolecules

Find similar proteins by: Sequence  |  Structure

Entity ID: 1
Molecule	Chains	Sequence Length	Organism	Details
Serine/threonine-protein kinase ULK1	A, B	287	Homo sapiens	Mutation(s): 0  Gene Names: ULK1 (KIAA0722) EC: 2.7.11.1
Find proteins for O75385 (Homo sapiens) Go to Gene View: ULK1 Go to UniProtKB:  O75385

Small Molecules

Ligands 5 Unique
ID	Chains	Name / Formula / InChI Key	2D Diagram & Interactions
CIT	A, B	CITRIC ACID C6 H8 O7 KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SO4	A, B	SULFATE ION O4 S QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L
GOL	A, B	GLYCEROL GLYCERIN; PROPANE-1,2,3-TRIOL C3 H8 O3 PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N
34W	A, B	N-{2-[(1S,4R)-6-{[4-(cyclobutylamino)-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino}-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1,4-epiminonaphthalen-9-yl]-2-oxoethyl}acetamide C23 H25 F3 N6 O2 RYYNGWLOYLRZLK-RBUKOAKNSA-N
EDO	A, B	1,2-ETHANEDIOL ETHYLENE GLYCOL C2 H6 O2 LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Modified Residues  2 Unique
ID	Chains	Type	Formula	2D Diagram	Parent
SEP	A, B	L-PEPTIDE LINKING	C3 H8 N O6 P		SER
TPO	A, B	L-PEPTIDE LINKING	C4 H10 N O6 P		THR

Experimental Data & Validation

Experimental Data

• Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
• Resolution: 1.75 Å
• R-Value Free: 0.197 
• R-Value Work: 0.170 
• Space Group: P 4₃ 2₁ 2

Unit Cell:

Length (Å)	Angle (°)
a = 74.241	α = 90.00
b = 74.241	β = 90.00
c = 222.310	γ = 90.00

Software Package:

Software Name	Purpose
Aimless	data scaling
XDS	data reduction
PHASER	phasing
REFMAC	refinement

Structure Validation

Entry History 

Deposition Data

• Deposited Date: 2018-12-19 
• Released Date: 2019-02-27 
• Deposition Author(s): Chaikuad, A., Arrowsmith, C.H., Edwards, A.M., Bountra, C., Knapp, S., Structural Genomics Consortium, Structural Genomics Consortium (SGC)

Revision History 

• Version 1.0: 2019-02-27
  Type: Initial release
• Version 1.1: 2019-03-20
  Type: Data collection, Database references