Biological Assembly 1  

 3D View: Structure | 1D-3D View | Electron Density | Validation Report | Ligand Interaction

Global Symmetry: Dihedral - D3  (3D View)
Global Stoichiometry: Hetero 12-mer - A6B6 Pseudo Symmetry: Cyclic - C3  (3D View)
Pseudo Stoichiometry: Hetero 12-mer - A6B3C3 

Biological assembly 1 assigned by authors and generated by PISA (software)

Macromolecule Content

• Total Structure Weight: 11.89 kDa 
• Atom Count: 931 
• Modelled Residue Count: 100 
• Deposited Residue Count: 102 
• Unique protein chains: 2

6GV0

Insulin glulisine

• PDB DOI: 10.2210/pdb6GV0/pdb

• Classification: HORMONE
• Organism(s): Homo sapiens
• Expression System: Escherichia coli K-12
• Mutation(s): Yes 


• Deposited: 2018-06-20 Released: 2019-07-03 
• Deposition Author(s): Chayen, N.E., Helliwell, J.R., Solomon-Gamsu, H.V., Govada, L., Morgan, M., Gillis, R.B., Adams, G.

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Experimental Data Snapshot

• Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
• Resolution: 1.26 Å
• R-Value Free: 0.152 
• R-Value Work: 0.128 
• R-Value Observed: 0.129 

Literature

Analysis of insulin glulisine at the molecular level by X-ray crystallography and biophysical techniques.

Gillis, R.B., Solomon, H.V., Govada, L., Oldham, N.J., Dinu, V., Jiwani, S.I., Gyasi-Antwi, P., Coffey, F., Meal, A., Morgan, P.S., Harding, S.E., Helliwell, J.R., Chayen, N.E., Adams, G.G.

(2021) Sci Rep 11: 1737-1737

• PubMed: 33462295 
• DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-81251-2
• Primary Citation of Related Structures:  
  6GV0


• PubMed Abstract: 
  

This study concerns glulisine, a rapid-acting insulin analogue that plays a fundamental role in diabetes management. We have applied a combination of methods namely X-ray crystallography, and biophysical characterisation to provide a detailed insight into the structure and function of glulisine. X-ray data provided structural information to a resolution of 1.26 Å. Crystals belonged to the H3 space group with hexagonal (centred trigonal) cell dimensions a = b = 82.44 and c = 33.65 Å with two molecules in the asymmetric unit. A unique position of D21Glu, not present in other fast-acting analogues, pointing inwards rather than to the outside surface was observed. This reduces interactions with neighbouring molecules thereby increasing preference of the dimer form. Sedimentation velocity/equilibrium studies revealed a trinary system of dimers and hexamers/dihexamers in dynamic equilibrium. This new information may lead to better understanding of the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic behaviour of glulisine which might aid in improving formulation regarding its fast-acting role and reducing side effects of this drug.

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Organizational Affiliation: 

Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Queen's Medical Centre, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2HA, UK. [e-mail].

Macromolecules

Entity ID: 1
Molecule	Chains	Sequence Length	Organism	Details	Image
Insulin	A [auth G], C [auth I]	21	Homo sapiens	Mutation(s): 0  Gene Names: INS
UniProt & NIH Common Fund Data Resources
Find proteins for P01308 (Homo sapiens) Explore P01308  Go to UniProtKB:  P01308
PHAROS:  P01308

Entity ID: 2
Molecule	Chains	Sequence Length	Organism	Details	Image
Insulin	B, D	30	Homo sapiens	Mutation(s): 2  Gene Names: INS
UniProt & NIH Common Fund Data Resources
Find proteins for P01308 (Homo sapiens) Explore P01308  Go to UniProtKB:  P01308
PHAROS:  P01308

Small Molecules

Ligands 2 Unique
ID	Chains	Name / Formula / InChI Key	2D Diagram
ZN	E [auth B], F [auth D]	ZINC ION Zn PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N
FMT	G [auth D], H [auth D]	FORMIC ACID C H2 O2 BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Experimental Data & Validation

Experimental Data

• Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
• Resolution: 1.26 Å
• R-Value Free: 0.152 
• R-Value Work: 0.128 
• R-Value Observed: 0.129 
• Space Group: H 3
• Diffraction Data DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4456817 Protein Diffraction

Unit Cell:

Length ( Å )	Angle ( ˚ )
a = 82.44	α = 90
b = 82.44	β = 90
c = 33.65	γ = 120

Software Package:

Software Name	Purpose
PHENIX	refinement
MOSFLM	data reduction
SCALA	data scaling
PHASER	phasing

Structure Validation

Entry History 

Deposition Data

• Deposited Date: 2018-06-20 
• Released Date: 2019-07-03 
Deposition Author(s): Chayen, N.E., Helliwell, J.R., Solomon-Gamsu, H.V., Govada, L., Morgan, M., Gillis, R.B., Adams, G.

Revision History  

• Version 1.0: 2019-07-03
  Type: Initial release
  
• Version 1.1: 2021-02-10
  Changes: Database references, Derived calculations