Biological Assembly 1  

 3D View: Structure | Electron Density | Ligand Interaction

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Global Symmetry: Asymmetric - C1 
Global Stoichiometry: Hetero 3-mer - ABC 

Biological assembly 1 assigned by authors and generated by PISA (software)

Biological Assembly Evidence: gel filtration

Macromolecule Content

• Total Structure Weight: 119937.34 
• Atom Count: 7118 
• Residue Count: 1029 
• Unique protein chains: 3

6C9G

AMP-activated protein kinase bound to pharmacological activator R739

• DOI: 10.2210/pdb6C9G/pdb

• Classification: TRANSFERASE
• Organism(s): Homo sapiens
• Expression System: Escherichia coli
• Mutation(s): 1 


• Deposited: 2018-01-26 Released: 2018-11-28 
• Deposition Author(s): Yan, Y., Zhou, X.E., Novick, S., Shaw, S.J., Li, Y., Hitoshi, Y., Brunzelle, J.S., Griffin, P.R., Xu, H.E., Melcher, K.
• Funding Organization(s): National Institutes of Health/National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIH/NIGMS); National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease (NIH/NIDDK); National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC); Ministry of Science and Technology (MoST, China); Michigan Economic Development Corporation and the Michigan Technology Tri-Corridor 

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Experimental Data Snapshot

• Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
• Resolution: 2.7 Å
• R-Value Free: 0.240 
• R-Value Work: 0.202 

Literature

Structures of AMP-activated protein kinase bound to novel pharmacological activators in phosphorylated, non-phosphorylated, and nucleotide-free states.

Yan, Y., Zhou, X.E., Novick, S.J., Shaw, S.J., Li, Y., Brunzelle, J.S., Hitoshi, Y., Griffin, P.R., Xu, H.E., Melcher, K.

(2019) J. Biol. Chem. 294: 953-967

• PubMed: 30478170 
• DOI: 10.1074/jbc.RA118.004883
• Primary Citation of Related Structures:  
  6C9J, 6C9H, 6C9F


• PubMed Abstract: 
  

AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is an attractive therapeutic target for managing metabolic diseases. A class of pharmacological activators, including Merck 991, binds the AMPK ADaM site, which forms the interaction surface between the kinase domain (KD) of the α-subunit and the carbohydrate-binding module (CBM) of the β-subunit. Here, we report the development of two new 991-derivative compounds, R734 and R739, which potently activate AMPK in a variety of cell types, including β ₂ -specific skeletal muscle cells. Surprisingly, we found that they have only minor effects on direct kinase activity of the recombinant α ₁ β ₂ γ ₁ isoform yet robustly enhance protection against activation loop dephosphorylation. This mode of activation is reminiscent of that of ADP, which activates AMPK by binding to the nucleotide-binding sites in the γ-subunit, more than 60 Å away from the ADaM site. To understand the mechanisms of full and partial AMPK activation, we determined the crystal structures of fully active phosphorylated AMPK α ₁ β ₁ γ ₁ bound to AMP and R734/R739 as well as partially active nonphosphorylated AMPK bound to R734 and AMP and phosphorylated AMPK bound to R734 in the absence of added nucleotides at <3-Å resolution. These structures and associated analyses identified a novel conformational state of the AMPK autoinhibitory domain associated with partial kinase activity and provide new insights into phosphorylation-dependent activation loop stabilization in AMPK.

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Organizational Affiliation: 

Department of Integrative Biology, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS, INSERM, UdS, 1 rue Laurent Fries, 67404, Illkirch CEDEX, France.,Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA.,Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA. [e-mail].,Present address: School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Stillorgan Road, Belfield, Dublin, 4, Ireland.,Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, United Kingdom.,Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russian Federation. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717.,RIKEN SPring-8 Center, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo-cho, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan.,Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Division of High Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea.,The Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.,Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139.,Institute for Advanced Study and State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience , The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay , Kowloon , Hong Kong SAR , China.,From the National Centre for Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bengaluru 560065, India [e-mail].,Center for Electron Microscopy Research, Korea Basic Science Institute, Ochang, Chungbuk, 28119, Republic of Korea.,Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. [e-mail] [e-mail].,Interdisciplinary Biotechnology Unit, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India.,Department of Molecular Biology, Centre for Molecular Biology Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), University Autonomous from Madrid, C/ Nicolás Cabrera, 1, Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain. [e-mail].,Department of Biology Education, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, South Korea; Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.,GlaxoSmithKline R&D, Medicines Research Centre , Gunnels Wood Road , SG1 2NY Stevenage , U.K.,Laboratoire d'Innovation Moléculaire et Applications, Université de Strasbourg|, Université de Haute-Alsace|, CNRS|, LIMA (UMR 7042), Equipe de Synthèse Organique et Molécules Bioactives (SYBIO), ECPM, 25 rue Becquerel, 67000, Strasbourg, France.,New England Biolabs, Inc., 240 County Road, Ipswich, MA 01938, USA.,School of Cellular & Molecular Medicine , University of Bristol , Bristol BS8 1TD , U.K.,From the Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, GKVK Post, Bangalore 560065, India, [e-mail].,Infection and Immunity Research Laboratory, Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon, 34141, South Korea.,Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095.,Department of Chemistry , The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay , Kowloon , Hong Kong SAR , China.,Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Integrative Biology of Marine Models (LBI2M), Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR), 29680 Roscoff, France [e-mail] [e-mail].,Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea. [e-mail].,Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Research and Development, GlaxoSmithKline, 200 Technology Square, Suite 602, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States.,Division of Agronomy and Horticultural Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Uji-shi, Japan.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.,Center for Inflammation Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA. [e-mail].,Molecular Biology and Structural Biology Programs, Sloan-Kettering Institute, New York, NY, 10065, USA. [e-mail].,Institute of Biology, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, China. [e-mail].,Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA.,Department of Genetic, University of Sevilla, Avenida Reina Mercedes s/n, 41012, Seville, Spain.,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, China Agricultural University, 100083 Beijing, People's Republic of China.,National Center for Protein Science Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, CAS Center for Excellence on Molecular Cell Science, Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 200031, Shanghai, China.,MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China.,National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agriculture University, 430072, Wuhan, China.,Department of Biophysics and Biophysical Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.,Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110 029, India [e-mail].,From the Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics and.,Department of Biology , University of Waterloo , Waterloo , Ontario , Canada N2L 3G1.,Department of Chemistry, College of Science , University of Hail , Saudi Arabia.,Shanghai Institute of Precision Medicine, 200125, Shanghai, China. [e-mail].,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA.,School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland, 70211 Kuopio, Finland.,Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,Lomonosov Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies, Moscow Technological University, Moscow 117571, Russian Federation.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Department of Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, Dorris Neuroscience Center, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China; Shanghai Universities Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai, PR China.,Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg 199034, Russian Federation.,Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology Program, Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA [e-mail] [e-mail].,Department of Molecular Bioscience, School of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea.,Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA. [e-mail].,Center for Microbial Pathogenesis, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Laurentian University , Sudbury , Ontario , Canada P3E 2C6.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy , University of Arizona , Tucson , Arizona 85721 , United States.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19A Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China.,Department of Stem Cell Biology and Medicine/Cancer Stem Cell Research, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.,Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, 78457, Germany.,Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, 78457, Germany. [e-mail].,BGPI, Université de Montpellier, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, F-34398 Montpellier, France; [e-mail] [e-mail].,Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Integrative Biology of Marine Models (LBI2M), Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR), 29680 Roscoff, France.,Laboratory of Immunology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.,Istituto di Biofisica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Milano, Italy; Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, ETH Zürich, Otto-Stern-Weg 5, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland. [e-mail].,Department of Bioengineering and James H. Clark Center, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Biosciences Division, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA.,BGPI, Université de Montpellier, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, F-34398 Montpellier, France.,Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry , National and Kapodistrian University of Athens , 15771 Athens , Greece.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University Center for Cancer Research, Purdue Institute for Drug Discovery, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA. [e-mail].,Nanobody Lab, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK.,Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan.,Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia , Universidade Católica de Brasília , SGAN 916 Módulo B, Asa Norte , Brasília , DF 70790160 , Brazil.,Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub, Imperial College London, Wood Lane, London W12 0BZ, England.,Department of Microbiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, 10016, USA.,Center for Marine Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, 92093, USA.,MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK. [e-mail].,Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. [e-mail].,Porto Reports , Brasília , DF 70790160 , Brazil.,Microbiology and Immunology, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242.,From the Center of Cancer and Cell Biology, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, Michigan 49503, [e-mail].,Division of Basic Science, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.,MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK.,Graduate Program in Quantitative and Computational Biosciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,From the Early Discovery Biochemistry Department and [e-mail].,State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, 100083 Beijing, People's Republic of China.,From the Early Discovery Biochemistry Department and [e-mail].,Department of Pharmacy, University of Patras, GR-26504 Patras, Greece.,Department of Dermatology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.,College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.,From the National Centre for Biological Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Bengaluru 560065, India.,Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia. [e-mail].,Department of Biophysics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi 110 029, India.,UVE: Aix-Marseille Univ-IRD 190-Inserm 27-IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, National Centre for Mass Spectrometry in Beijing, CAS Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China.,Department of Computational and Systems Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 3501 Fifth Avenue, Suite 3064 BST3, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA.,Van Andel Research Institute-Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica (VARI-SIMM) Center, Center for Structure and Function of Drug Targets, The CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai 201203, China.,Biomolecular NMR Spectroscopy, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr-University of Bochum, D-44780, Germany. Electronic address: [e-mail].,National Research Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Toxicology, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Center for Food Safety and Toxicology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea. [e-mail].,Laboratory of Structural Biophysics, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21701, USA.,Department of Molecular Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, 82152 Martinsried, Germany; [e-mail].,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA. [e-mail].,From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada [e-mail].,Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717.,Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea. [e-mail].,Department of Chemistry, York Structural Laboratory, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK.,School of Molecular Sciences, University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, WA, 6009, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada.,Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan [e-mail] [e-mail].,the Departments of Biochemistry and.,Neurobiology Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK.,Key Laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Microbiology, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, Department of Microbiology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510006 , China.,Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, School of Dentistry, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA.,School of Pharmacy , University of Waterloo , Waterloo , Ontario , Canada N2L 3G1.,Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, Stamford Street, London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom.,Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Center for RNA Research, Institute for Basic Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. [e-mail].,From the Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics and [e-mail].,From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada.,National Research Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Toxicology, Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Center for Food Safety and Toxicology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea.,Institute for Advanced Study , The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay , Kowloon , Hong Kong SAR , China.,Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, 03760, South Korea.,Structural Biology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of York, York YO10 5DD, England.,Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Center for Food Safety and Toxicology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.,Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,Department of Microbiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea. [e-mail].,Future Medicine Co., Ltd, Seoul, 06665, South Korea.,the University of Trans-Disciplinary Health Sciences and Technology (TDU), Bengaluru, Karnataka 560064, India.,Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Straße 7, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA. [e-mail].,Division of Biomedical Convergence, College of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biophysics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA. [e-mail].,National Research Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology and Toxicology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Saitama Medical University, Saitama 350-0495, Japan.,Department of Chemistry & Chemical Biology, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Department of Pathogen Biology, Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, PR China.,John Harvard Distinguished Science Fellowship Program, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA. [e-mail].,Microbiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35294.,Center for Advanced Medical Innovation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.,Department of Drug Discovery and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, 715 Sumter Street, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139 , United States.,Department of Immunology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 6000 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX, 75390, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA. Electronic address: [e-mail].,School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea; Steitz Center for Structural Biology, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea.,Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, University of Fukui, Fukui-shi, Japan.,Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich at the Department Chemie, Lehrstuhl für Biochemie, Technische Universität München, Garching, Germany. Electronic address: [e-mail].,CBS, Université de Montpellier, CNRS, INSERM, 34090 Montpellier, France.,National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.,Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.,BIFI, University of Zaragoza, BIFI-IQFR (CSIC) Joint Unit, Mariano Esquillor s/n, Campus Rio Ebro, Edificio I+D, Zaragoza, 50018, Spain.,Applied Biotechnology Group, Biomedical Science School, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Urbanización El Bosque, Calle Tajo, s/n, 28670, Villaviciosa de Odón, Spain.,Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Research Institute for Veterinary Science, and BK21 PLUS Program for Creative Veterinary Science Research, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea.,Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation , Queensland University of Technology , Brisbane QLD 4059 , Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain. Electronic address: [e-mail].,N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, 47 Leninsky Prospect, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation.,Department of Pharmacy, University of Patras, GR-26504 Patras, Greece. Electronic address: [e-mail].,PRESTO, JST, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan.,Department of Structural Biochemistry, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, Dortmund, Germany.,Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia.,Institute for Molecular Bioscience , The University of Queensland , 306 Carmody Road , Brisbane , QLD 4072 , Australia.,Department of Physiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA. [e-mail].,School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK. [e-mail].,Institute of Catalysis and Petrochemistry, CSIC, C/ Marie Curie, 2, Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain.,FORMA Therapeutics, 500 Arsenal Street, Suite 100, Watertown, MA 02472, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, University of Massachusetts Lowell, MA, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Programa de Pós-Graduação em Patologia Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina , Universidade de Brasília , Campus Darcy Ribeiro, Asa Norte , Brasília , DF 70910900 , Brazil.,Department of Biology and Chemistry , City University of Hong Kong , 83 Tat Chee Avenue , Kowloon Tong , Hong Kong SAR , China.,Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 20156 Milan, Italy.,Foundation for Applied Molecular Evolution, 13709 Progress Boulevard, No. 7, Alachua, FL 32615, USA.,Konstanz Research School Chemical Biology (KoRS-CB), Konstanz, 78457, Germany. [e-mail].,Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Straße 9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany.,Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy.,Department of Physics, Bernal Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick V94 T9PX, Ireland.,Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, United Kingdom.,Severance Biomedical Science Institute and Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea. [e-mail].,Dipartimento di Scienze per gli Alimenti, la Nutrizione e l'Ambiente, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy.,Northwestern University Synchrotron Research Center, Life Sciences Collaborative Access Team, Northwestern University, Argonne, Illinois 60439.,Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.,Centre for Advanced Imaging, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia. [e-mail].,New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation, Daegu 41061, South Korea.,Selvita S.A., Bobrzyńskiego, 14, 30-338 Kraków, Poland.,Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Center for Food Safety and Toxicology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea.,the Center for Microbial Interface Biology, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, and.,Shandong Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jining, China.,Division of Biomedical Convergence, College of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea. [e-mail].,Department of Chemistry, Bryn Mawr College, Bryn Mawr, PA, United States of America.,Department of Biology Education, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, South Korea.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.,Merck Biopharma, Merck KGaA, Frankfurter Straβe 250, 64293 Darmstadt, Germany.,Cell Adhesion Laboratory, Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, United States.,School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK.,Seattle Structural Genomics Center for Infectious Disease (SSGCID), Seattle, Washington, USA.,Firebird Biomolecular Sciences LLC, 13709 Progress Boulevard, No. 17, Alachua, FL 32615, USA. [e-mail].,Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, Scripps Florida, Jupiter, Florida 33458.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,Structural Biology Program , Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center , New York , NY , USA . Email: [e-mail].,Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, ETH Zürich, Otto-Stern-Weg 5, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland.,Department of Biophysics and Biophysical Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA. [e-mail].,Department of Mechanistic Cell Biology, Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, Dortmund, Germany.,Department of Dermatology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA [e-mail].,School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea.,State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, 100083 Beijing, People's Republic of China; [e-mail] [e-mail].,From the Early Discovery Biochemistry Department and.,UVE: Aix-Marseille Univ-IRD 190-Inserm 27-IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France.,From the Center of Cancer and Cell Biology, Van Andel Research Institute, Grand Rapids, Michigan 49503.,Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. [e-mail] [e-mail].,Department of Chemistry and Biology "A. Zambelli", University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy.,Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.,Marine College, Shandong University, Shandong, PR China.,Cambridge Institute for Medical Research and Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Wellcome Trust/MRC Building, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0XY, England.,Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.,Institute of Biology, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, China.,Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama City University, 1-7-29, Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 230-0045, Japan.,Institute of Biochemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Straße 9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany.,Division of Life Science , The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology , Clear Water Bay , Kowloon , Hong Kong SAR , China . Email: [e-mail].,Department of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea.,FORMA Therapeutics, 500 Arsenal Street, Suite 100, Watertown, MA 02472, USA. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Key laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200025, Shanghai, China. [e-mail].,Department of Physiology and Systems Bioscience, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan.,Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan.,The Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, 66045.,Section of Structural Biology, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Molecular Biology and Structural Biology Programs, Sloan-Kettering Institute, New York, NY, 10065, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas, USA [e-mail] [e-mail].,Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China; Shanghai Universities Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai, PR China. Electronic address: [e-mail].,2School of Life Sciences (KNU Creative BioResearch Group), KNU Institute for Microorganisms, Kyungpook National University, Daehak-ro 80, Buk-gu, Daegu, 41566 Republic of Korea.,Department of Molecular Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute of Biochemistry, 82152 Martinsried, Germany.,Instituto de Física de Líquidos y Sistemas Biológicos, CONICET, UNLP, Calle 59 No. 789, La Plata, Argentina.,School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea.,2National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, 102206 China.,School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China.,Institute for Molecular Bioscience , The University of Queensland , Brisbane QLD 4072 , Australia.,Department of Molecular Biology, Centre for Molecular Biology Severo Ochoa (CSIC-UAM), University Autonomous from Madrid, C/ Nicolás Cabrera, 1, Cantoblanco, 28049, Madrid, Spain.,Neurobiology Division, MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China; Shanghai Universities Collaborative Innovation Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai, PR China. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry , University of California , San Francisco , California 94158 , United States.,Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.,Crown Bioscience, Taicang, China.,Biomolecular NMR Spectroscopy, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr-University of Bochum, D-44780, Germany.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and the Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada.,Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.,Department of Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. [e-mail].,Applied Biotechnology Group, Biomedical Science School, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Urbanización El Bosque, Calle Tajo, s/n, 28670, Villaviciosa de Odón, Spain; Grupo de Investigación en Desarrollo Agroindustrial Sostenible, Universidad de la Costa, CUC, Calle 58 # 55 - 66, Barranquilla, Colombia. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Center for Systems and Synthetic Biology, University of Texas, Austin, TX 78703, USA.,Department of Physiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.,Department of Pathogen Biology, Key Laboratory of Pathogen Biology of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu, PR China. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Firebird Biomolecular Sciences LLC, 13709 Progress Boulevard, No. 17, Alachua, FL 32615, USA.,Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea; Steitz Center for Structural Biology, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea; Department of Chemistry, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Istituto di Biofisica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Milano, Italy; Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy.,Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.,Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Campinas UNICAMP, Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz s/n, P.O. Box 6154, 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil.,Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139; [e-mail].,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. [e-mail].,Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan.,Department of Biophysics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA. [e-mail].,MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China. [e-mail].,Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA.,Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, United States of America.,Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology Program, Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA. Electronic address: [e-mail].,ERATO Itami Molecular Nanocarbon Project, JST, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA.,Structural Biology Department, Genentech, South San Francisco, California 94080.,Selvita S.A., Bobrzyńskiego, 14, 30-338 Kraków, Poland. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging, Berkeley Center for Structural Biology, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.,School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Guangdong, China.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Department of Oncology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA. [e-mail].,Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.,Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia.,Toxicology and Pharmacology, University of Leuven, Leuven, 3000, Belgium.,The Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, 36849.,EMBL Grenoble, 71 avenue des Martyrs, CS 90181, 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9, France.,Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging, Berkeley Center for Structural Biology, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA.,Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, 4072, Australia.,Department of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.,Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy.,Konstanz Research School Chemical Biology (KoRS-CB), Konstanz, 78457, Germany.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and the UCLA-DOE Institute of Genomics and Proteomics, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Molecular Neurobiochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr-University of Bochum, D-44780, Germany.,Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia.,From the Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, GKVK Post, Bangalore 560065, India.,Department of Physics, Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan, and RIKEN Center for Computational Science, Kobe 650-0047, Japan.,AFMB, UMR7257 CNRS/Aix Marseille Université, Marseille, CEDEX 9, France.,Institute of Physiology II, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany.,Vollum Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, United States.,Department of Microbiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain.,National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and the Centre for Blood Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Department of Molecular and Cell Biology and California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. [e-mail].,Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology (MTC) Department, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China. [e-mail].,Biophysics Graduate Program, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.,Division for Structural Biochemistry, OE8830, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Laboratory of Molecular Physiology, NHLBI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States.,Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka 599-8531, Japan.,Department of Physics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.,Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom.,FORMA Therapeutics, 35 Northeast Industrial Road, Branford, CT 06405, USA.,Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.,Center for Drug Discovery, Northeastern University, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Research and Development, GlaxoSmithKline, No. 3 Building, 898 Halei Road, Pudong, Shanghai 201203, China.,Division of Basic Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N., Seattle, WA 98109, USA.,Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA. [e-mail].,School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Pudong, Shanghai 201203, China.,Institute of Biotechnology, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Sosei Heptares, Steinmetz Building, Granta Park, Great Abington, Cambridge CB21 6GT, UK.,Department of Plant Sciences and Plant Pathology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717.,Fundación ARAID, 50018, Zaragoza, Spain. [e-mail].,Department of Bioengineering and James H. Clark Center, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA; Biosciences Division, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA; Verna and Marrs McLean Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA. Electronic address: [e-mail].,CIRAD, UMR BGPI, F-34398 Montpellier, France.,Centre for Structural Systems Biology (CSSB), German Electron Synchrotron (DESY), Hamburg, Germany.,Department of Crystallography and Structural Biology, Institute of Physical Chemistry Rocasolano (CSIC), C/ Serrano, 119, 28006, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, 78457, Germany.,Metabolomics Australia, School of Biosciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia.,Department of Computational and Systems Biology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, 3501 Fifth Avenue, Suite 3064 BST3, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Section of Structural Biology, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK.,Laboratory of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea.,1School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, UNIST, 50 UNIST-gil, Ulju-gun, Ulsan, 44919 Republic of Korea.,Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA. [e-mail].,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and the UCLA-DOE Institute of Genomics and Proteomics, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA [e-mail] [e-mail].,Faculty of Natural Sciences, Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, South Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, England.,Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, OE4350, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. [e-mail].,DNA Software Inc., Ann Arbor, MI 48104, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Houston Medical School, The University of Texas, Houston, United States.,Institute of Biotechnology, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, Center for Biomolecular Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.,Istituto di Biofisica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Milano, Italy; Department of Molecular Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri IRCCS, 20156 Milan, Italy.,Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas , Universidade Federal do ABC , Santo André , SP 09210170 , Brazil.,1MOE Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084 China.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. [e-mail].,MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Francis Crick Avenue, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK. [e-mail].,Department of Chemistry , University of Waterloo , Waterloo , Ontario , Canada N2L 3G1.,MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK. [e-mail].,California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.,Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200011, Shanghai, China. [e-mail].,Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.,Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA. [e-mail].,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biosciences, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain. Electronic address: [e-mail].,College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China. [e-mail].,Synthetic Biology Group, MIT Synthetic Biology Center; The Center for Microbiome Informatics and Therapeutics; Research Laboratory of Electronics, Department of Biological Engineering, and Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139 , United States.,Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200011, Shanghai, China.,Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan.,Department of Physiology and Advanced Research Center for Medical Science, Toho University School of Medicine, Tokyo 143-8540, Japan.,Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich at the Department Chemie, Lehrstuhl für Biochemie, Technische Universität München, Garching, Germany.,Shanghai Institute of Precision Medicine, 200125, Shanghai, China.,State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.,Chemistry Department, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, H3A0B8, Canada.,Technology Center for Protein Sciences, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.,Shanghai Institute of Precision Medicine, 200125, Shanghai, China. [e-mail].,S-inova Biotech, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia , Universidade Católica Dom Bosco Avenida Tamandaré 6000 , Campo Grande , MS 79117900 , Brazil.,BIFI, University of Zaragoza, BIFI-IQFR (CSIC) Joint Unit, Mariano Esquillor s/n, Campus Rio Ebro, Edificio I+D, Zaragoza, 50018, Spain. [e-mail].,Department of Technical Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Technical Biochemistry, University of Stuttgart, Allmandring 31, Stuttgart, Germany.,Fraunhofer IME-TMP, Max-von-Laue-Straße 9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany.,Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 200011, Shanghai, China. [e-mail].,Rigel Pharmaceuticals, Inc., South San Francisco, California 94080, and.

Macromolecules

Find similar proteins by: Sequence  |  Structure

Entity ID: 1
Molecule	Chains	Sequence Length	Organism	Details
5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-1,5'-AMP-activated protein kinase catalytic subunit alpha-1	A	494	Homo sapiens	Mutation(s): 0  Gene Names: PRKAA1 (AMPK1) EC: 2.7.11.1
Find proteins for Q13131 (Homo sapiens) Go to Gene View: PRKAA1 Go to UniProtKB:  Q13131

Entity ID: 2
Molecule	Chains	Sequence Length	Organism	Details
5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit beta-1	B	204	Homo sapiens	Mutation(s): 1  Gene Names: PRKAB1 (AMPK)
Find proteins for Q9Y478 (Homo sapiens) Go to Gene View: PRKAB1 Go to UniProtKB:  Q9Y478

Entity ID: 3
Molecule	Chains	Sequence Length	Organism	Details
5'-AMP-activated protein kinase subunit gamma-1	C	331	Homo sapiens	Mutation(s): 0  Gene Names: PRKAG1
Find proteins for P54619 (Homo sapiens) Go to Gene View: PRKAG1 Go to UniProtKB:  P54619

Small Molecules

Ligands 3 Unique
ID	Chains	Name / Formula / InChI Key	2D Diagram & Interactions
STU	A	STAUROSPORINE C28 H26 N4 O3 HKSZLNNOFSGOKW-FYTWVXJKSA-N
AMP	C	ADENOSINE MONOPHOSPHATE C10 H14 N5 O7 P UDMBCSSLTHHNCD-KQYNXXCUSA-N
R93	A	5-{[6-chloro-5-(2'-hydroxy[1,1'-biphenyl]-4-yl)-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl]oxy}-N-hydroxy-2-methylbenzamide C27 H20 Cl N3 O4 YSNIPFQCRHRGSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Modified Residues  1 Unique
ID	Chains	Type	Formula	2D Diagram	Parent
TPO	A	L-PEPTIDE LINKING	C4 H10 N O6 P		THR

Experimental Data & Validation

Experimental Data

• Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
• Resolution: 2.7 Å
• R-Value Free: 0.240 
• R-Value Work: 0.202 
• Space Group: P 6₁ 2 2

Unit Cell:

Length (Å)	Angle (°)
a = 122.986	α = 90.00
b = 122.986	β = 90.00
c = 406.048	γ = 120.00

Software Package:

Software Name	Purpose
PHENIX	refinement
PHASER	phasing
Aimless	data scaling
iMOSFLM	data reduction

Structure Validation

Entry History & Funding Information

Deposition Data

• Deposited Date: 2018-01-26 
• Released Date: 2018-11-28 
• Deposition Author(s): Yan, Y., Zhou, X.E., Novick, S., Shaw, S.J., Li, Y., Hitoshi, Y., Brunzelle, J.S., Griffin, P.R., Xu, H.E., Melcher, K.

---

Funding Organization	Location	Grant Number
National Institutes of Health/National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIH/NIGMS)	United States	GM102545
National Institutes of Health/National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease (NIH/NIDDK)	United States	DK071662
National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)	China	31300245
Ministry of Science and Technology (MoST, China)	China	2012ZX09301001
Ministry of Science and Technology (MoST, China)	China	2012CB910403
Ministry of Science and Technology (MoST, China)	China	2013CB910600
Ministry of Science and Technology (MoST, China)	China	XDB08020303
Ministry of Science and Technology (MoST, China)	China	2013ZX09507001
Michigan Economic Development Corporation and the Michigan Technology Tri-Corridor	United States	085P1000817

Revision History 

• Version 1.0: 2018-11-28
  Type: Initial release
• Version 1.1: 2018-12-12
  Type: Data collection, Database references
• Version 1.2: 2019-01-30
  Type: Data collection, Database references
• Version 1.3: 2019-02-20
  Type: Author supporting evidence, Data collection
• Version 1.4: 2019-04-17
  Type: Author supporting evidence, Data collection
• Version 1.5: 2019-12-25
  Type: Author supporting evidence, Database references