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Download EndnoteStructure of the human activated spliceosome in three conformational states.
Zhang, X., Yan, C., Zhan, X., Li, L., Lei, J., Shi, Y.(2018) Cell Res. 28: 307-322
- PubMed: 29360106 Search on PubMedSearch on PubMed Central
- DOI: 10.1038/cr.2018.14
- Primary Citation of Related Structures:
- PubMed Abstract:
During each cycle of pre-mRNA splicing, the pre-catalytic spliceosome (B complex) is converted into the activated spliceosome (B <sup>act </sup> complex), which has a well-formed active site but cannot proceed to the branching reaction. Here, we pres ...
During each cycle of pre-mRNA splicing, the pre-catalytic spliceosome (B complex) is converted into the activated spliceosome (B act complex), which has a well-formed active site but cannot proceed to the branching reaction. Here, we present the cryo-EM structure of the human B act complex in three distinct conformational states. The EM map allows atomic modeling of nearly all protein components of the U2 small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP), including three of the SF3a complex and seven of the SF3b complex. The structure of the human B act complex contains 52 proteins, U2, U5, and U6 small nuclear RNA (snRNA), and a pre-mRNA. Three distinct conformations have been captured, representing the early, mature, and late states of the human B act complex. These complexes differ in the orientation of the Switch loop of Prp8, the splicing factors RNF113A and NY-CO-10, and most components of the NineTeen complex (NTC) and the NTC-related complex. Analysis of these three complexes and comparison with the B and C complexes reveal an ordered flux of components in the B-to-B act and the B act -to-B * transitions, which ultimately prime the active site for the branching reaction.
Organizational Affiliation:
Department of Biology I, Plant Molecular Biology, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, 82152 Martinsried, Germany.,Nuffield Department of Medicine, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Biochemistry & Cellular and Molecular Biology Department , University of Tennessee , Knoxville , Tennessee , United States.,National Infection Service, Public Health England, London NW9 5HT, UK.,Department of biological and medical physics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia.,Laboratory of Genetics, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Helmsley Center for Genomic Medicine, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. Electronic address: dlyumkis@salk.edu.,Department of Systems Biology for Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba (CIQUIBIC, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (UNC-CONICET)), Departamento de Química Biológica Ranwel Caputto, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, X5000HUA, Córdoba, Argentina. Electronic address: jromero@fcq.unc.edu.ar.,Science Division, Diamond Light Source Ltd, Didcot, UK. jonathan@strubi.ox.ac.uk.,Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA. eric_fischer@dfci.harvard.edu.,Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada.,From the M. M. Shemyakin and Yu. A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia, avas@ibch.ru.,Institut Pasteur, Unité de Microbiologie Structurale, CNRS UMR 3528 & Université Paris Diderot, 25 Rue du Docteur Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France. pedro.alzari@pasteur.fr marco.bellinzoni@pasteur.fr.,Department of Biochemical Sciences "A. Rossi Fanelli", Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.,European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Grenoble Outstation, BP 181, 38042 Grenoble, France.,German Cancer Consortium, DKTK , 60590 Site Frankfurt/Mainz , DE , Germany.,NEST, Istituto Nanoscienze del CNR and Scuola Normale Superiore, P.zza S. Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy.,Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.,Institute for Applied Cancer Science, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Center for Co-Clinical Trials, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA. Electronic address: ysun8@mdanderson.org.,Center for Open Research Resources & Equipment (COR2E) , University of Connecticut , 91 North Eagleville Road , Storrs , Connecticut 06269 , United States.,Cell, Molecular and Developmental Biology and Biophysics Program, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218.,Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Virales Humanas "Dr. Julio I. Maiztegui", Monteagudo 251 Pergamino, Buenos Aires, 2700, Argentina.,Division of Structural Biology, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Crick Worldwide Influenza Centre, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK.,Department of Biology, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO, 63130, USA.,Division of Clinical Immunology, Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Associated Medical Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Center for Food Safety and Toxicology, Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Unit on Structural and Chemical Biology of Membrane Proteins, Cell Biology and Neurobiology Branch, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, 35A Convent Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.,Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520-8103.,Department of Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, United States.,Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada. Electronic address: aaron.schimmer@uhn.ca.,Institute for X-Ray Physics, University of Goettingen, 37077 Goettingen, Germany.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, 53706, USA.,Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Center for Food Safety and Toxicology, Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.,Nuffield Department of Medicine, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. juthathip.mongkolsapaya@well.ox.ac.uk.,State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Wellington Road, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia.,c Cell Biology Center, Institute of Innovative Research , Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama , Kanagawa , Japan.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada.,3Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Medical Biology, Research group of Host-Microbe Interactions, UiT-The Artic University of Norway, 9037 Tromsø, Norway.,Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.,Target Discovery Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), US National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA.,Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College, London SW7 2AZ, UK; UMR5305, CNRS/Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69367 Lyon Cedex 7, France. Electronic address: david.hulmes@ibcp.fr.,CBH, KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. Electronic address: sophia@kth.se.,Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, Institute of Medical Microbiology, Department of Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China; Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA. Electronic address: yzhang@jhsph.edu.,Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada.,6Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Inhoffenstraße 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany.,Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.,Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, and.,Department of Chemistry, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences and Multiscale Research Institute of Complex System, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Johns Hopkins Drug Discovery, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.,Department of Molecular Medicine, Unit of Immunology and General Pathology, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,Department of Cancer Systems Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,West China Hospital Emergency Department (WCHED), State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China.,Department of Molecular Structural Biology, Institute of Microbiology and Genetics, GZMB, Georg-August-University Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany. rficner@uni-goettingen.de.,State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Sciences and Ecological Engineering, Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, 200438 Shanghai, China; wenbo.ma@ucr.edu majb@fudan.edu.cn.,National Skull Base Center , Thousand Oaks , California 91360 , United States.,Department of Oncology and Metabolism, Academic Unit of Molecular Oncology, University of Sheffield, Beech Hill Rd., Sheffield S10 2RX, UK.,York Structural Biology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of York, York YO10 5DD, UK.,Integrative Metabolism Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, FL, USA. fraydoon.rastinejad@ndm.ox.ac.uk.,Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea; Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27516, USA.,Experimental Medical Science, Medical Structural Biology, BMC C13, Lund University, SE-221 84 Lund, Sweden.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA. Electronic address: smeroueh@iu.edu.,Unit of Polar Genomics , Korea Polar Research Institute , Incheon 21990 , Republic of Korea.,ESRF - The European Synchrotron, 71 Rue Jules Horowitz, F-38000 Grenoble, France.,Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Science, Sciences III, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland.,Biophysical Chemistry, Center for Molecular Protein Science, Department of Chemistry , Lund University , 221 00 Lund , Sweden.,MacCHESS, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada; Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3H6, Canada.,Medical Biotechnology Research Unit, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Molecular Structure of Cell Signalling Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK.,Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Research Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.,CNR-Institute of Molecular Biology and Pathology, Rome, Italy.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA. Electronic address: margaret.phillips@utsouthwestern.edu.,Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405; cedann@indiana.edu dbkearns@indiana.edu.,Molecular Structure of Cell Signalling Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK katrin.rittinger@crick.ac.uk.,Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA. abraham@crystal.harvard.edu.,Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.,Neutron Technologies Division , Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge , Tennessee , United States.,Department of Pharmacology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.,Workgroup Structural Biology of Biosynthetic Enzymes , Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS) , Campus E8.1 , 66123 Saarbrücken , Germany.,School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287.,The Max-Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Department of Molecular Structural Biology, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152 Martinsried, Germany.,Department of Pediatrics, Herman B. Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University Simon Cancer Center, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.,Laboratory for Comprehensive Bioimaging, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Osaka, Japan.,School of Biological Sciences, 60 Nanyang Drive, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637551, Singapore. julien@ntu.edu.sg.,Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China; National Center for Protein Science Shanghai, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China. Electronic address: shyaolx@163.com.,Institute of Molecular Pathobiochemistry, Experimental Gene Therapy and Clinical Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Pauwelsstrasse 30, D-52074 Aachen, Germany.,The Max-Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Core Facility, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152 Martinsried, Germany.,Center for Matrix Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, United States.,Department of Biomolecular Chemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, 53706, USA.,The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Molecular Hematology and Therapy, Department of Leukemia, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,SER-CAT and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , University of Georgia , Athens , Georgia 30602 , United States.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Denver (UCD), Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA. rui.zhao@ucdenver.edu hong.zhou@ucla.edu.,Neutron Data Analysis and Visualization Division , Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge , Tennessee , United States.,Institut Pasteur, Unité de Microbiologie Structurale, CNRS UMR 3528 & Université Paris Diderot, 25 Rue du Docteur Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France.,Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), US National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA. wei.yang@nih.gov.,Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; Department of Medical Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Connecticut , 69 North Eagleville Road , Storrs , Connecticut 06269 , United States.,Kavli Institute for Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.,Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology and Biophysics, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, United States.,Centro de Investigaciones en Química Biológica de Córdoba (CIQUIBIC, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (UNC-CONICET)), Departamento de Química Biológica Ranwel Caputto, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, X5000HUA, Córdoba, Argentina.,the Departments of Microbiology and Immunology, and Integrative Program for Biological and Genome Sciences, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599 and.,Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 130 Scripps Way, Jupiter, FL 33458, USA.,Department of Biology I, Microbiology, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, 82152 Martinsried, Germany.,Division of Structural Biology, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. jonathan@strubi.ox.ac.uk.,Departments of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of California, Irvine, California.,Alberta Glycomics Centre and Department of Chemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Molecular Structural Biology, Institute of Microbiology and Genetics, GZMB, Georg-August-University Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany. sjohann1@gwdg.de.,Structural Biology Research Center, Photon Factory, Institute of Materials Structure Science, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0801, Japan.,The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Genomic Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Department of Biosciences and Nutrition and Center for Innovative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Blickagången 16, SE-141 83 Huddinge, Sweden.,Department of Molecular Structural Biology, Institute of Microbiology and Genetics, GZMB, Georg-August-University Göttingen, 37077 Göttingen, Germany. pneuman2@gwdg.de.,Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada.,Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, Tokyo, Japan.,e PRESTO , Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) , Kawaguchi, Saitama , Japan.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, United States.,National Engineering Research Center of Immunological Products, Department of Microbiology and Biochemical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China. Electronic address: Jianggu2012@163.com.,Department of Dermatology , University Medical Center, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen , Liebermeisterstr. 25 , 72076 Tübingen , DE , Germany.,Department of Biosciences, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA.,Institute of Molecular Physiology, Cell and Matrix Biology, Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Johann-Joachim-Becher-Weg 7, D-55128 Mainz, Germany.,Program in Molecular Biophysics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218.,Nuffield Department of Medicine, Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. gavin.screaton@medsci.ox.ac.uk.,Department of Life Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 10326, Republic of Korea.,Institute for Enzyme Research, Tokushima University, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan.,Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK.,Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Cellular Biology and Pharmacology, Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine , Florida International University , Miami , Florida 33134 , United States.,Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, United States.,Vanderbilt University Medical Center, United States.,d RIKEN Structural Biology Laboratory, Yokohama , Kanagawa , Japan.,Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Biology, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Helmsley Center for Genomic Medicine, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.,ENEA CR Frascati, Diagnostics and Metrology Laboratory, FSN-TECFIS-DIM, Frascati, Italy.,Institute for Research in Biomedicine, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera italiana, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland.,Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Biointerface Laboratory, Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, RWTH Aachen University Medical Faculty, Pauwelsstrasse 30, D-52074 Aachen, Germany.,Department of Life Sciences, Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, Hiroshima, Japan.,From the Departments of Chemistry, redinbo@unc.edu.,W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Nanyang Institute of Structural Biology, Experimental Medicine Building, 59 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 636921, Singapore. julien@ntu.edu.sg.,b Division of Structural and Synthetic Biology , RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, Yokohama , Kanagawa , Japan.,Department of Cell Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA. david.calderwood@yale.edu.,Laboratory for Cell Polarity Regulation, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Osaka, Japan y.okada@riken.jp.,Epigenetics and Stem Cell Biology Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, United States.,Istituto Zooprofilattico dell'Abruzzo e del Molise, Campo Boario, 64100 Teramo, Italy.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA. Electronic address: dveesler@uw.edu.,Department of Biological Sciences Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University111 Ren'ai Road, Dushu Lake Higher Education Town, Suzhou, 215123, People's Republic of China.,Department of Physics, Simon Fraser University, Canada.,Laboratory of biomolecular NMR spectroscopy, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.,School of Biological Sciences, 60 Nanyang Drive, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637551, Singapore.,Department of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel. mlandau@technion.ac.il.,Integrative Metabolism Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, FL, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Denver (UCD), Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.,Simon Fraser University, Canada.,The Max-Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Department of Molecular Structural Biology, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152 Martinsried, Germany. Electronic address: baumeist@biochem.mpg.de.,Medicines Discovery Institute, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK.,Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461; denis.rousseau@einstein.yu.edu.,a Division of Genomic Technologies , RIKEN Center for Life Science Technologies, Yokohama , Kanagawa , Japan.,Center for Nanotechnology Innovation@NEST, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Piazza San Silvestro 12, 56127 Pisa, Italy.,Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium.,a Laboratoire d'Expression génétique microbienne, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, IBPC, CNRS , Université Paris Diderot , Paris , France.,Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan.,Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, FL, USA.,Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Section on Biological Chemistry, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research (NIDCR), US National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Department of Biology, Ithaca College, Ithaca, United States.,Oncoceutics, Inc., Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.,Humabs Biomed SA, Vir Biotechnology, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland.,Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, 02115, USA. abraham@crystal.harvard.edu.,Biochemistry and Biophysics, and.,European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Structural and Computational Biology Unit, Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany. Electronic address: cmueller@embl.de.,Electron Imaging Center for Nanomachines, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.,b Laboratoire de Chimie et de Biochimie Pharmacologiques et Toxicologiques, CNRS , Université Paris Descartes , Paris , France.,Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521; wenbo.ma@ucr.edu majb@fudan.edu.cn.,National Magnetic Resonance Facility at Madison, Biochemistry Department, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, 53706, USA.,Department of Chemistry , University of Connecticut , 55 North Eagleville Road , Storrs , Connecticut 06269 , United States.,Institut Pasteur, Plateforme de Biophysique Moléculaire, 25 Rue du Docteur Roux, 75724 Paris Cedex 15, France.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.,Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX, 77555, USA.,Structural Genomics Consortium , Johann Wolfgang Goethe University , Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Max-von-Laue-Str. 15 , D-60438 Frankfurt am Main , DE , Germany.,UMR5086, CNRS/Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69367 Lyon Cedex 7, France.,Lysosomal Systems Biology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Bioquant, Im Neuenheimer Feld 267, D-69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; Eugene and Marilyn Glick Eye Institute, Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.,Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. eric_fischer@dfci.harvard.edu.,Laboratory of Structural Biology, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 2-2 Wakamatsu-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8480, Japan.,Biotechnology Research Division , Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI) , Jeongeup 56212 , Republic of Korea.,Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA. charles.sindelar@yale.edu.,National Center for Protein Science Shanghai, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China.,Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Center for Molecular Protein Science, Department of Chemistry , Lund University , 221 00 Lund , Sweden.,Department of Neurosurgery, Mitchell Cancer Institute , University of South Alabama , Mobile , Alabama 36617 United States.,c Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique , IBPC, CNRS , Paris , France.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada. mkimber@uoguelph.ca.,The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; Department of Leukemia, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Sciences and Ecological Engineering, Institute of Plant Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, 200438 Shanghai, China.,Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada; Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada.,Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, United States.,Institute for Pharmaceutical Chemistry , Johann Wolfgang Goethe University , Max-von-Laue-Str. 9 , D-60438 Frankfurt am Main , DE , Germany.,Biomedical Technology Research Center, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.,Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT karin.reinisch@yale.edu.,Laboratory for Cell Polarity Regulation, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Osaka, Japan.,Biomolecular Interaction Centre, School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, 8020, New Zealand.,Systems Biology of Cell Death Mechanisms, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg University Hospital; Bioquant, Im Neuenheimer Feld 267, D-69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Helmholtz International Lab, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China.,Department of Plant Pathology, Nanjing Agriculture University, 210095 Nanjing, China.,Department of Surgery, Heidelberg University Hospital; Bioquant, Im Neuenheimer Feld 267, D-69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Institute for Applied Cancer Science, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Center for Co-Clinical Trials, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA. Electronic address: jrmarszalek@mdanderson.org.,Laboratory of Molecular and Cell Biology, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Helmsley Center for Genomic Medicine, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. Electronic address: patrick@salk.edu.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada.,Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, USA. shenb@scripps.edu.,Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016.,Department of Neurosurgery , Medical College of Wisconsin , Milwaukee , Wisconsin 53226 , United States.,The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Molecular Hematology and Therapy, Department of Leukemia, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Saga University, Division of Hematology, Respiratory Medicine and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Saga 849-8501, Japan.,Biodesign Center for Applied Structural Discovery, The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287.,Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan hirokawa@m.u-tokyo.ac.jp.,Department of BioHealth Informatics, Indiana University School of Informatics and Computing, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.,Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.,Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Via Gabelli 63, 35121 Padua, Italy. Electronic address: gualtiero.alvisi@unipd.it.,Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California.,Institute for Applied Cancer Science, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Center for Co-Clinical Trials, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.,Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA. abraham@crystal.harvard.edu.,Institute of Biophysical Chemistry and Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance, Goethe University, D-60438, Frankfurt, Germany. vdoetsch@em.uni-frankfurt.de.,Shanghai Institute for Advanced Immunochemical Studies, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China; National Center for Protein Science Shanghai, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China.,National Magnetic Resonance Facility at Madison, Biochemistry Department, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, 53706, USA. sebutcher@wisc.edu.,Department of Biological Sciences, University of Texas Dallas, Richardson, United States.,Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Structural and Molecular Microbiology, VIB-VUB Center for Structural Biology, VIB, Brussels, Belgium.,Structural Biology Center, Biosciences Division , Argonne National Laboratory , Lemont , Illinois 60439 , United States.,Department of Chemistry & Nanoscience , Ewha Womans University , Seoul 03760 , Republic of Korea.,Department of Food Science and Engineering , Ewha Womans University , Seoul 03760 , Republic of Korea.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA.,Department of Drug Design and Optimization , Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS) , Campus E8.1 , 66123 Saarbrücken , Germany.,Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405 cedann@indiana.edu dbkearns@indiana.edu.,European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Structural and Computational Biology Unit, Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA; Institute Pasteur & CNRS UMR 3569, Unité de Virologie Structurale, 75015, Paris, France.,Program in Immunology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin, 53706, USA. sebutcher@wisc.edu.,Department of Pharmacy , Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University , Campus E8.1 , 66123 Saarbrücken , Germany.,Midwest Center for Structural Genomics and Structural Biology Center, Biosciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA.,Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Institute of Biology, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Westlake University, Shilongshan Road No. 18, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310064, China.,Leicester Tuberculosis Research Group (LTBRG) and Leicester Institute of Structural and Chemical Biology (LISCB), Department of Respiratory Science & Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK.,Institute for Applied Cancer Science, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; Center for Co-Clinical Trials, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, Université Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS UPR 2301, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.,Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, Singapore 138673.,Department of Biology, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, 3200003, Israel.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology , University of Connecticut , 91 North Eagleville Road , Storrs , Connecticut 06269 , United States.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,School of Molecular Cell Biology & Biotechnology, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, 6997801, Israel.,Institut de Biologie Structurale, Université Grenoble Alpes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Grenoble, 38044, France.,Toxicology and Pharmacology, University of Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, United States.,Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College, London SW7 2AZ, UK. Electronic address: e.hohenester@imperial.ac.uk.,Institute Pasteur & CNRS UMR 3569, Unité de Virologie Structurale, 75015, Paris, France.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, CB2 1GA Cambridge, United Kingdom bfl20@cam.ac.uk swoodson@jhu.edu swh32@cam.ac.uk.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Charles Sturt University, Wagga Wagga, New South Wales 2650, Australia.,Department of Pharmacology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA. david.calderwood@yale.edu.,Institute for Applied Cancer Science, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,School of Medicine, University of Split, Šoltanska 2, HR-21000, Split, Croatia.,Laboratory of Genetics, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Helmsley Center for Genomic Medicine, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 N. Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.,Program in Cellular Neuroscience, Neurodegeneration and Repair, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.,Molecular Therapeutics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111; philim01@nyulangone.org Jinhua.wu@fccc.edu.,Department of Cancer Immunology and Virology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.,Perlmutter Cancer Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016; philim01@nyulangone.org Jinhua.wu@fccc.edu.,Technology Center for Protein Sciences, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.,Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule (I2BC), CEA, CNRS, Université Paris Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.,Centre for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry , Lund University , 221 00 Lund , Sweden.,The Max-Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Am Klopferspitz 18, 82152 Martinsried, Germany. Electronic address: bracher@biochem.mpg.de.,Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 103, 41125 Modena, Italy.,Division of Structural Medicine and Anatomy, Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan.,Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.,Thomas C. Jenkins Department of Biophysics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218.,Department of Molecular Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520-8103; thomas.pollard@yale.edu.,Department of Computational and Systems Biology , University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania , United States.,Computer Science and Engineering Division , Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge , Tennessee , United States.,Natural Products Library Initiative at The Scripps Research Institute, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, USA. shenb@scripps.edu.,The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Molecular Hematology and Therapy, Department of Leukemia, Houston, TX 77030, USA; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; Department of Leukemia, Houston, TX 77030, USA. Electronic address: mandreef@mdanderson.org.,Department of Life Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang-si, Gyeonggi-do, 10326, Republic of Korea. jylee001@dongguk.edu.,Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: hscho8@yonsei.ac.kr.,Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, USA.,Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan. ktakeda@kuchem.kyoto-u.ac.jp.,Life and Environmental Division, SPring-8, Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, Hyogo, Japan.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto and Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, 101 College Street, MaRS South Tower, Suite 707, Toronto, ON M5G 1L7, Canada.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.,Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, Australia.,Structural Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States of America.,European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Structural and Computational Biology Unit, Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany; Collaboration for Joint PhD Degree between EMBL and Heidelberg University, Faculty of Biosciences, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,UMR5305, CNRS/Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 69367 Lyon Cedex 7, France.,Department of Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287.,Molecular and Structural Biochemistry Department , North Carolina State University , Raleigh , North Carolina , United States.,d Laboratoire de Cristallographie et RMN biologiques , CNRS, Université Paris Descartes , Paris , France.,Division of Genomic Stability and DNA Repair, Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.,5Department of Integrative Medical Biology (IMB), Umeå University, SE-90187 Umeå, Sweden.,Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, United States.,Center for Plant Cell Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521.,Molecular Therapeutics Program, Fox Chase Cancer Center, Philadelphia, PA 19111.,Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, Via Gabelli 63, 35121 Padua, Italy.,Helmholtz International Lab, State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China. dlwu@sdu.edu.cn.,State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural Biology, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences and School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China. nyan@princeton.edu.,Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.,e Laboratoire de Microbiologie , Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB) , Gosselies , Belgium.,Institute of Biophysical Chemistry and Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance, Goethe University, D-60438, Frankfurt, Germany.,From the M. M. Shemyakin and Yu. A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (State University), 117303 Moscow, Russia, and.,From the Departments of Chemistry.,Department of Physics, Universal Biology Institute and the International Research Center for Neurointelligence, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA.,Children's Hospital Oakland Research Institute, Oakland, CA 94609, USA.,West China Hospital Emergency Department (WCHED), State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China. Electronic address: lugw@scu.edu.cn.,CBH, KTH-Royal Institute of Technology, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.,Structural Biology Group, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Kanagawa, Japan.,Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Center for Food Safety and Toxicology, Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: hanc210@snu.ac.kr.,Theoretical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry , Lund University , 221 00 Lund , Sweden.,The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Bioinformatics and Comp Biology, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Department of Cell Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520-8103.,Structural Biology Center, Biosciences Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL, USA.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada. cwhitfie@uoguelph.ca.,4Umeå Centre for Molecular Medicine (UCMM), Umeå University, SE-90187 Umeå, Sweden.,Integrative Metabolism Program, Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, Orlando, FL, USA. dlwu@sdu.edu.cn.,Department of Molecular Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06520-8103.,From the Department of Biology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130 jjez@wustl.edu.,Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Kansas, Lawrence, United States.,Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology, Institute of Medical Microbiology, Department of Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China.,Microbiology, Immunology, and Glycobiology, Department of Laboratory Medicine , Lund University , 221 00 Lund , Sweden.,Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, USA. shenb@scripps.edu.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.,Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461.,From the M. M. Shemyakin and Yu. A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia.,Cell, Molecular and Developmental Biology and Biophysics Program, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218; bfl20@cam.ac.uk swoodson@jhu.edu swh32@cam.ac.uk.,Department of Neuroscience, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.,Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative (BFA), CNRS UMR 8251, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.,School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, England.,Biochemistry Graduate Program, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405.,Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea.,1Department of Molecular Biology and The Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden (MIMS), Umeå University, SE-90187 Umeå, Sweden.,California Institute of Neuroscience , Thousand Oaks , California 91360 , United States.,Department of Biochemistry and Groupe de Recherche Axé sur la Structure des Protéines , McGill University , Montreal , Quebec H3G 0B1 , Canada.,Department of Biophysics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.,2Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden.,SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025.,Institute for Enzyme Research, Tokushima University, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan. Electronic address: kiyo.fukui@tokushima-u.ac.jp.,Center of Excellence in Genome Medicine Research, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,College of Pharmacy and Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Ewha Womans University , Seoul 03760 , Republic of Korea.,European Spallation Source ESS ERIC , 225 92 Lund , Sweden.,Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405.,The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center; Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, Houston, TX 77030, USA.,Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever Research Unit, Office for Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand. juthathip.mongkolsapaya@well.ox.ac.uk.,Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218.,Faculty of Science, University of Split, Ruđera Boškovića 33, HR-21000, Split, Croatia.,From the Department of Biology, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri 63130.,Structural Biology (School of Medicine), Beckman Center B105, 279 Campus Drive, Stanford, CA, 94305-5126, USA.,Department of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521.,Electron Imaging Center for Nanomachines, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. rui.zhao@ucdenver.edu hong.zhou@ucla.edu.,Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Center for Food and Bioconvergence, Center for Food Safety and Toxicology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.,Institute of Biochemistry II, Goethe University Medical School and Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, D-60590, Frankfurt, Germany.,State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, 200438 Shanghai, China.,School of Medicine, University of Split, Šoltanska 2, HR-21000, Split, Croatia. ivana.novak@mefst.hr.,Hauptman-Woodward Institute and SUNY University of Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14203.,Department of Microbiology and Immunobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.,Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry , Eberhard Karls University Tübingen , Auf der Morgenstelle 8 , 72076 Tübingen , DE , Germany.,Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College, London SW7 2AZ, UK.,Leicester Institute for Structural and Chemical Biology, Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 9HN, United Kingdom.,Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Ohkubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan.,Target Discovery Institute, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. fraydoon.rastinejad@ndm.ox.ac.uk.,West China Hospital Emergency Department (WCHED), State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China; Disaster Medicine Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.,Proteolysis Laboratory, Department of Structural Biology, Molecular Biology Institute of Barcelona, CSIC, Barcelona Science Park, Helix Building, c/o Baldiri Reixac 15-21, E-08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.,University of Science and Technology , Daejeon , Republic of Korea.,Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, United States.,Department of Cell Biology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT pietro.decamilli@yale.edu.,the Department of Biochemistry, Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195.,Department of Medicine and UCSD DXMS Proteomics Resource, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.,Biology and Soft Matter Division , Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge , Tennessee , United States.,Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, California.
