5WDM

An ultra-stable single-chain insulin analog resists thermal inactivation and exhibits biological signaling duration equivalent to the native protein

Experimental Data Snapshot

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 2.80 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.314 
  • R-Value Work: 0.251 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.257 

wwPDB Validation   3D Report Full Report


This is version 1.2 of the entry. See complete history. 


Literature

An ultra-stable single-chain insulin analog resists thermal inactivation and exhibits biological signaling duration equivalent to the native protein.

Glidden, M.D., Aldabbagh, K., Phillips, N.B., Carr, K., Chen, Y.S., Whittaker, J., Phillips, M., Wickramasinghe, N.P., Rege, N., Swain, M., Peng, Y., Yang, Y., Lawrence, M.C., Yee, V.C., Ismail-Beigi, F., Weiss, M.A.

(2018) J Biol Chem 293: 47-68

  • DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M117.808626
  • Primary Citation of Related Structures:  
    5WDM

  • PubMed Abstract: 

    • Thermal degradation of insulin complicates its delivery and use. Previous efforts to engineer ultra-stable analogs were confounded by prolonged cellular signaling in vivo , of unclear safety and complicating mealtime therapy. We therefore sought an ultra-stable analog whose potency and duration of action on intravenous bolus injection in diabetic rats are indistinguishable from wild-type (WT) insulin ...

    Thermal degradation of insulin complicates its delivery and use. Previous efforts to engineer ultra-stable analogs were confounded by prolonged cellular signaling in vivo , of unclear safety and complicating mealtime therapy. We therefore sought an ultra-stable analog whose potency and duration of action on intravenous bolus injection in diabetic rats are indistinguishable from wild-type (WT) insulin. Here, we describe the structure, function, and stability of such an analog, a 57-residue single-chain insulin (SCI) with multiple acidic substitutions. Cell-based studies revealed native-like signaling properties with negligible mitogenic activity. Its crystal structure, determined as a novel zinc-free hexamer at 2.8 Å, revealed a native insulin fold with incomplete or absent electron density in the C domain; complementary NMR studies are described in the accompanying article. The stability of the analog (Δ G U 5.0(±0.1) kcal/mol at 25 °C) was greater than that of WT insulin (3.3(±0.1) kcal/mol). On gentle agitation, the SCI retained full activity for >140 days at 45 °C and >48 h at 75 °C. These findings indicate that marked resistance to thermal inactivation in vitro is compatible with native duration of activity in vivo Further, whereas WT insulin forms large and heterogeneous aggregates above the standard 0.6 mm pharmaceutical strength, perturbing the pharmacokinetic properties of concentrated formulations, dynamic light scattering, and size-exclusion chromatography revealed only limited SCI self-assembly and aggregation in the concentration range 1-7 mm Such a combination of favorable biophysical and biological properties suggests that SCIs could provide a global therapeutic platform without a cold chain.

    Organizational Affiliation: 

    Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106.



Macromolecules
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Entity ID: 1
MoleculeChainsSequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
Single-chain insulin analog
A, B, C, D, E, F
A, B, C, D, E, F
57Homo sapiensMutation(s): 0 
Gene Names: INS
UniProt & NIH Common Fund Data Resources
Find proteins for P01308 (Homo sapiens)
Explore P01308 
Go to UniProtKB:  P01308
PHAROS:  P01308
Entity Groups  
Sequence Clusters30% Identity50% Identity70% Identity90% Identity95% Identity100% Identity
UniProt GroupP01308
Protein Feature View
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  • Reference Sequence
Experimental Data & Validation

Experimental Data

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 2.80 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.314 
  • R-Value Work: 0.251 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.257 
  • Space Group: P 1 21 1
Unit Cell:
Length ( Å )Angle ( ˚ )
a = 43.382α = 90
b = 85.771β = 110.89
c = 45.696γ = 90
Software Package:
Software NamePurpose
Aimlessdata scaling
PHENIXrefinement
PDB_EXTRACTdata extraction
XDSdata reduction
PHASERphasing

Structure Validation

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Entry History 

Deposition Data

Revision History  (Full details and data files)

  • Version 1.0: 2017-11-15
    Type: Initial release
  • Version 1.1: 2017-11-22
    Changes: Database references
  • Version 1.2: 2018-01-17
    Changes: Database references