Protein AMPylation, the transfer of AMP from ATP to protein targets, has been recognized as a new mechanism of host-cell disruption by some bacterial effectors that typically contain a FIC-domain. Eukaryotic genomes also encode one FIC-domain protein ...
Protein AMPylation, the transfer of AMP from ATP to protein targets, has been recognized as a new mechanism of host-cell disruption by some bacterial effectors that typically contain a FIC-domain. Eukaryotic genomes also encode one FIC-domain protein,HYPE, which has remained poorly characterized.Here we describe the structure of human HYPE, solved by X-ray crystallography, representing the first structure of a eukaryotic FIC-domain protein. We demonstrate that HYPE forms stable dimers with structurally and functionally integrated FIC-domains and with TPR-motifs exposed for protein-protein interactions. As HYPE also uniquely possesses a transmembrane helix, dimerization is likely to affect its positioning and function in the membrane vicinity. The low rate of auto AMPylation of the wild-type HYPE could be due to autoinhibition, consistent with the mechanism proposed for a number of putative FIC AMPylators. Our findings also provide a basis to further consider possible alternative cofactors of HYPE and distinct modes of target-recognition.
Organizational Affiliation:
Division of Biosciences, Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK. Electronic address: m.katan@ucl.ac.uk.,Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, UK.,Division of Molecular Structure, MRC-National Institute for Medical Research, Mill Hill, London NW7 1AA, UK.,Division of Biosciences, Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK. Electronic address: t.bunney@ucl.ac.uk.,Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Birkbeck College, London WC1 7HX, UK.
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