4G3K

Crystal structure of a. aeolicus nlh1 gaf domain in an inactive state


Experimental Data Snapshot

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 3.05 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.243 
  • R-Value Work: 0.208 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.212 

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This is version 1.1 of the entry. See complete history


Literature

Structural mechanism of GAF-regulated delta(54) activators from Aquifex aeolicus

Batchelor, J.D.Lee, P.S.Wang, A.C.Doucleff, M.Wemmer, D.E.

(2013) J Mol Biol 425: 156-170

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmb.2012.10.017
  • Primary Citation of Related Structures:  
    4G3K, 4G3V, 4G3W

  • PubMed Abstract: 

    The σ subunits of bacterial RNA polymerase occur in many variant forms and confer promoter specificity to the holopolymerase. Members of the σ(54) family of σ subunits require the action of a 'transcriptional activator' protein to open the promoter and initiate transcription. The activator proteins undergo regulated assembly from inactive dimers to hexamers that are active ATPases. These contact σ(54) directly and, through ATP hydrolysis, drive a conformational change that enables promoter opening. σ(54) activators use several different kinds of regulatory domains to respond to a wide variety of intracellular signals. One common regulatory module, the GAF domain, is used by σ(54) activators to sense small-molecule ligands. The structural basis for GAF domain regulation in σ(54) activators has not previously been reported. Here, we present crystal structures of GAF regulatory domains for Aquifex aeolicus σ(54) activators NifA-like homolog (Nlh)2 and Nlh1 in three functional states-an 'open', ATPase-inactive state; a 'closed', ATPase-inactive state; and a 'closed', ligand-bound, ATPase-active state. We also present small-angle X-ray scattering data for Nlh2-linked GAF-ATPase domains in the inactive state. These GAF domain dimers regulate σ(54) activator proteins by holding the ATPase domains in an inactive dimer conformation. Ligand binding of Nlh1 dramatically remodels the GAF domain dimer interface, disrupting the contacts with the ATPase domains. This mechanism has strong parallels to the response to phosphorylation in some two-component regulated σ(54) activators. We describe a structural mechanism of GAF-mediated enzyme regulation that appears to be conserved among humans, plants, and bacteria.


  • Organizational Affiliation

    Graduate Group in Biophysics and Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.


Macromolecules
Find similar proteins by:  (by identity cutoff)  |  3D Structure
Entity ID: 1
MoleculeChains Sequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
Transcriptional regulator nlh1
A, B
175Aquifex aeolicus VF5Mutation(s): 0 
Gene Names: nlh1aq_218
UniProt
Find proteins for O66591 (Aquifex aeolicus (strain VF5))
Explore O66591 
Go to UniProtKB:  O66591
Entity Groups  
Sequence Clusters30% Identity50% Identity70% Identity90% Identity95% Identity100% Identity
UniProt GroupO66591
Sequence Annotations
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  • Reference Sequence
Experimental Data & Validation

Experimental Data

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 3.05 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.243 
  • R-Value Work: 0.208 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.212 
  • Space Group: P 4 21 2
Unit Cell:
Length ( Å )Angle ( ˚ )
a = 119.35α = 90
b = 119.35β = 90
c = 60.29γ = 90
Software Package:
Software NamePurpose
ADSCdata collection
PHASERphasing
PHENIXrefinement
XDSdata reduction
XDSdata scaling

Structure Validation

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Entry History 

Deposition Data

Revision History  (Full details and data files)

  • Version 1.0: 2013-05-29
    Type: Initial release
  • Version 1.1: 2024-02-28
    Changes: Data collection, Database references