Biological Assembly 1  

 3D View: Structure | Electron Density | Ligand Interaction

Global Symmetry: Cyclic - C2  (3D View)
Global Stoichiometry: Homo 2-mer - A2 

Biological assembly 1 assigned by authors and generated by PISA (software)

Macromolecule Content

• Total Structure Weight: 108.40 kDa 
• Atom Count: 7018 
• Residue Count: 886 
• Unique protein chains: 2

3RCH

Crystal structure of Human aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC) in the open conformation with LLP and PLP bound to Chain-A and Chain-B respectively

• DOI: 10.2210/pdb3RCH/pdb

• Classification: LYASE
• Organism(s): Homo sapiens
• Expression System: Escherichia coli
• Mutation(s): No 


• Deposited: 2011-03-31 Released: 2011-10-19 
• Deposition Author(s): Giardina, G., Montioli, R., Gianni, S., Cellini, B., Paiardini, A., Borri Voltattorni, C., Cutruzzola, F.

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Experimental Data Snapshot

• Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
• Resolution: 2.80 Å
• R-Value Free: 0.259 
• R-Value Work: 0.201 
• R-Value Observed: 0.203 

Literature

Open conformation of human DOPA decarboxylase reveals the mechanism of PLP addition to Group II decarboxylases.

Giardina, G., Montioli, R., Gianni, S., Cellini, B., Paiardini, A., Voltattorni, C.B., Cutruzzola, F.

(2011) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 108: 20514-20519

• PubMed: 22143761 
• DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1111456108
• Primary Citation of Related Structures:  
  3RBL, 3RBF, 3RCH


• PubMed Abstract: 
  

DOPA decarboxylase, the dimeric enzyme responsible for the synthesis of neurotransmitters dopamine and serotonin, is involved in severe neurological diseases such as Parkinson disease, schizophrenia, and depression. Binding of the pyridoxal-5'-phosphate (PLP) cofactor to the apoenzyme is thought to represent a central mechanism for the regulation of its activity. We solved the structure of the human apoenzyme and found it exists in an unexpected open conformation: compared to the pig kidney holoenzyme, the dimer subunits move 20 Å apart and the two active sites become solvent exposed. Moreover, by tuning the PLP concentration in the crystals, we obtained two more structures with different conformations of the active site. Analysis of three-dimensional data coupled to a kinetic study allows to identify the structural determinants of the open/close conformational change occurring upon PLP binding and thereby propose a model for the preferential degradation of the apoenzymes of Group II decarboxylases.

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Organizational Affiliation: 

Dipartimento di Scienze Biochimiche A. Rossi Fanelli, Sapienza Università di Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy.

Macromolecules

Entity ID: 1
Molecule	Chains	Sequence Length	Organism	Details	Image
aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase	A	480	Homo sapiens	Mutation(s): 0  Gene Names: AADC, DDC EC: 4.1.1.28
Find proteins for P20711 (Homo sapiens) Explore P20711  Go to UniProtKB:  P20711
NIH Common Fund Data Resources
PHAROS:  P20711 GTEx:  ENSG00000132437

Entity ID: 2
Molecule	Chains	Sequence Length	Organism	Details	Image
aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase	B	480	Homo sapiens	Mutation(s): 0  Gene Names: AADC, DDC EC: 4.1.1.28
Find proteins for P20711 (Homo sapiens) Explore P20711  Go to UniProtKB:  P20711
NIH Common Fund Data Resources
PHAROS:  P20711 GTEx:  ENSG00000132437

Small Molecules

Ligands 1 Unique
ID	Chains	Name / Formula / InChI Key	2D Diagram
PLP	B	PYRIDOXAL-5'-PHOSPHATE C8 H10 N O6 P NGVDGCNFYWLIFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Modified Residues  1 Unique
ID	Chains	Type	Formula	2D Diagram	Parent
LLP	A	L-PEPTIDE LINKING	C14 H22 N3 O7 P		LYS

Experimental Data & Validation

Experimental Data

• Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
• Resolution: 2.80 Å
• R-Value Free: 0.259 
• R-Value Work: 0.201 
• R-Value Observed: 0.203 
• Space Group: P 4₁ 2₁ 2

Unit Cell:

Length ( Å )	Angle ( ˚ )
a = 177	α = 90
b = 177	β = 90
c = 74.83	γ = 90

Software Package:

Software Name	Purpose
MOSFLM	data reduction
SCALA	data scaling
MOLREP	phasing
REFMAC	refinement
PDB_EXTRACT	data extraction

Structure Validation

Entry History 

Deposition Data

• Deposited Date: 2011-03-31 
• Released Date: 2011-10-19 
Deposition Author(s): Giardina, G., Montioli, R., Gianni, S., Cellini, B., Paiardini, A., Borri Voltattorni, C., Cutruzzola, F.

Revision History 

• Version 1.0: 2011-10-19
  Type: Initial release
  
• Version 1.1: 2012-01-04
  Changes: Database references