3G4D

Crystal Structure of (+)-delta-Cadinene Synthase from Gossypium arboreum and Evolutionary Divergence of Metal Binding Motifs for Catalysis


Experimental Data Snapshot

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 2.40 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.238 
  • R-Value Work: 0.192 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.194 

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Literature

Crystal structure of (+)-delta-cadinene synthase from Gossypium arboreum and evolutionary divergence of metal binding motifs for catalysis.

Gennadios, H.A.Gonzalez, V.Di Costanzo, L.Li, A.Yu, F.Miller, D.J.Allemann, R.K.Christianson, D.W.

(2009) Biochemistry 48: 6175-6183

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/bi900483b
  • Primary Citation of Related Structures:  
    3G4D, 3G4F

  • PubMed Abstract: 
  • (+)-Delta-cadinene synthase (DCS) from Gossypium arboreum (tree cotton) is a sesquiterpene cyclase that catalyzes the cyclization of farnesyl diphosphate in the first committed step of the biosynthesis of gossypol, a phytoalexin that defends the plant from bacterial and fungal pathogens ...

    (+)-Delta-cadinene synthase (DCS) from Gossypium arboreum (tree cotton) is a sesquiterpene cyclase that catalyzes the cyclization of farnesyl diphosphate in the first committed step of the biosynthesis of gossypol, a phytoalexin that defends the plant from bacterial and fungal pathogens. Here, we report the X-ray crystal structure of unliganded DCS at 2.4 A resolution and the structure of its complex with three putative Mg(2+) ions and the substrate analogue inhibitor 2-fluorofarnesyl diphosphate (2F-FPP) at 2.75 A resolution. These structures illuminate unusual features that accommodate the trinuclear metal cluster required for substrate binding and catalysis. Like other terpenoid cyclases, DCS contains a characteristic aspartate-rich D(307)DTYD(311) motif on helix D that interacts with Mg(2+)(A) and Mg(2+)(C). However, DCS appears to be unique among terpenoid cyclases in that it does not contain the "NSE/DTE" motif on helix H that specifically chelates Mg(2+)(B), which is usually found as the signature sequence (N,D)D(L,I,V)X(S,T)XXXE (boldface indicates Mg(2+)(B) ligands). Instead, DCS contains a second aspartate-rich motif, D(451)DVAE(455), that interacts with Mg(2+)(B). In this regard, DCS is more similar to the isoprenoid chain elongation enzyme farnesyl diphosphate synthase, which also contains two aspartate-rich motifs, rather than the greater family of terpenoid cyclases. Nevertheless, the structure of the DCS-2F-FPP complex shows that the structure of the trinuclear magnesium cluster is generally similar to that of other terpenoid cyclases despite the alternative Mg(2+)(B) binding motif. Analyses of DCS mutants with alanine substitutions in the D(307)DTYD(311) and D(451)DVAE(455) segments reveal the contributions of these segments to catalysis.


    Organizational Affiliation

    Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, USA.



Macromolecules
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Entity ID: 1
MoleculeChainsSequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
(+)-delta-cadinene synthase isozyme XC1A, B554Gossypium arboreumMutation(s): 0 
EC: 4.2.3.13
UniProt
Find proteins for Q39761 (Gossypium arboreum)
Explore Q39761 
Go to UniProtKB:  Q39761
Entity Groups  
Sequence Clusters30% Identity50% Identity70% Identity90% Identity95% Identity100% Identity
UniProt GroupQ39761
Protein Feature View
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  • Reference Sequence
Experimental Data & Validation

Experimental Data

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 2.40 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.238 
  • R-Value Work: 0.192 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.194 
  • Space Group: P 21 3
Unit Cell:
Length ( Å )Angle ( ˚ )
a = 158.195α = 90
b = 158.195β = 90
c = 158.195γ = 90
Software Package:
Software NamePurpose
ADSCdata collection
PHASERphasing
PHENIXrefinement
HKL-2000data reduction
SCALEPACKdata scaling

Structure Validation

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Entry History 

Deposition Data

Revision History  (Full details and data files)

  • Version 1.0: 2009-06-16
    Type: Initial release
  • Version 1.1: 2011-07-13
    Changes: Non-polymer description, Version format compliance