3ERP

Structure of IDP01002, a putative oxidoreductase from and essential gene of Salmonella typhimurium


Experimental Data Snapshot

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 1.55 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.178 
  • R-Value Work: 0.153 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.155 

Starting Model: experimental
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wwPDB Validation   3D Report Full Report


This is version 1.3 of the entry. See complete history


Literature

Structural and biochemical studies of novel aldo-keto reductases for the biocatalytic conversion of 3-hydroxybutanal to 1,3-butanediol.

Kim, T.Flick, R.Brunzelle, J.Singer, A.Evdokimova, E.Brown, G.Joo, J.C.Minasov, G.A.Anderson, W.F.Mahadevan, R.Savchenko, A.Yakunin, A.F.

(2017) Appl Environ Microbiol 

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1128/AEM.03172-16
  • Primary Citation of Related Structures:  
    3ERP, 5T79

  • PubMed Abstract: 

    The nonnatural alcohol 1,3-butanediol (1,3-BDO) is a valuable building block for the synthesis of various polymers. One of the potential pathways for the biosynthesis of 1,3-BDO includes the biotransformation of acetaldehyde to 1,3-BDO via 3-hydroxybutanal (3-HB) using aldolases and aldo-keto reductases (AKRs). This pathway requires an AKR selective for 3-HB, but inactive toward acetaldehyde, so it can be used for one-pot synthesis. In this work, we screened more than 20 purified uncharacterized AKRs for 3-HB reduction and identified 10 enzymes with significant activity and nine proteins with detectable activity. PA1127 from Pseudomonas aeruginosa showed the highest activity and was selected for comparative studies with STM2406 from Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, for which we have determined the crystal structure. Both AKRs used NADPH as a cofactor, reduced a broad range of aldehydes, and showed low activities toward acetaldehyde. The crystal structures of STM2406 in complex with cacodylate or NADPH revealed the active site with bound molecules of a substrate mimic or cofactor. Site-directed mutagenesis of STM2406 and PA1127 identified the key residues important for the activity against 3-HB and aromatic aldehydes, which include the residues of the substrate-binding pocket and C-terminal loop. Our results revealed that the replacement of the STM2406 Asn65 by Met enhanced the activity and the affinity of this protein toward 3-HB, resulting in a 7-fold increase in k cat / K m Our work provides further insights into the molecular mechanisms of the substrate selectivity of AKRs and for the rational design of these enzymes toward new substrates. IMPORTANCE In this study, we identified several aldo-keto reductases with significant activity in reducing 3-hydroxybutanal to 1,3-butanediol (1,3-BDO), an important commodity chemical. Biochemical and structural studies of these enzymes revealed the key catalytic and substrate-binding residues, including the two structural determinants necessary for high activity in the biosynthesis of 1,3-BDO. This work expands our understanding of the molecular mechanisms of the substrate selectivity of aldo-keto reductases and demonstrates the potential for protein engineering of these enzymes for applications in the biocatalytic production of 1,3-BDO and other valuable chemicals.


  • Organizational Affiliation

    Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.


Macromolecules
Find similar proteins by:  (by identity cutoff)  |  3D Structure
Entity ID: 1
MoleculeChains Sequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
Putative oxidoreductase
A, B
353Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium str. LT2Mutation(s): 0 
Gene Names: STM2406
UniProt
Find proteins for Q8ZNA1 (Salmonella typhimurium (strain LT2 / SGSC1412 / ATCC 700720))
Explore Q8ZNA1 
Go to UniProtKB:  Q8ZNA1
Entity Groups  
Sequence Clusters30% Identity50% Identity70% Identity90% Identity95% Identity100% Identity
UniProt GroupQ8ZNA1
Sequence Annotations
Expand
  • Reference Sequence
Small Molecules
Ligands 5 Unique
IDChains Name / Formula / InChI Key2D Diagram3D Interactions
CAC
Query on CAC

Download Ideal Coordinates CCD File 
G [auth A],
V [auth B]
CACODYLATE ION
C2 H6 As O2
OGGXGZAMXPVRFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M
ZN
Query on ZN

Download Ideal Coordinates CCD File 
C [auth A],
Q [auth B]
ZINC ION
Zn
PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N
EDO
Query on EDO

Download Ideal Coordinates CCD File 
H [auth A]
I [auth A]
J [auth A]
K [auth A]
L [auth A]
H [auth A],
I [auth A],
J [auth A],
K [auth A],
L [auth A],
M [auth A],
N [auth A],
O [auth A],
P [auth A],
W [auth B],
X [auth B],
Y [auth B],
Z [auth B]
1,2-ETHANEDIOL
C2 H6 O2
LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N
CL
Query on CL

Download Ideal Coordinates CCD File 
E [auth A],
F [auth A],
S [auth B],
T [auth B],
U [auth B]
CHLORIDE ION
Cl
VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M
NA
Query on NA

Download Ideal Coordinates CCD File 
D [auth A],
R [auth B]
SODIUM ION
Na
FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N
Experimental Data & Validation

Experimental Data

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 1.55 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.178 
  • R-Value Work: 0.153 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.155 
  • Space Group: I 4
  • Diffraction Data: https://doi.org/10.18430/m33erp
Unit Cell:
Length ( Å )Angle ( ˚ )
a = 127.096α = 90
b = 127.096β = 90
c = 120.492γ = 90
Software Package:
Software NamePurpose
PHASERphasing
REFMACrefinement
HKL-2000data reduction
HKL-2000data scaling

Structure Validation

View Full Validation Report



Entry History 

Revision History  (Full details and data files)

  • Version 1.0: 2008-11-04
    Type: Initial release
  • Version 1.1: 2011-07-13
    Changes: Source and taxonomy, Version format compliance
  • Version 1.2: 2017-02-15
    Changes: Database references
  • Version 1.3: 2023-09-06
    Changes: Data collection, Database references, Derived calculations, Refinement description