Biological Assembly 1  

 3D View: Structure

Global Symmetry: Cyclic - C2  (3D View)
Global Stoichiometry: Homo 2-mer - A2 

Biological assembly 1 assigned by authors.

Macromolecule Content

• Total Structure Weight: 6.29 kDa 
• Atom Count: 396 
• Residue Count: 56 
• Unique protein chains: 1

2LZ3

Solution NMR structure of transmembrane domain of amyloid precursor protein WT

• DOI: 10.2210/pdb2LZ3/pdb
• BMRB: 18649

• Classification: MEMBRANE PROTEIN
• Organism(s): Homo sapiens
• Expression System: Escherichia coli BL21(DE3)
• Mutation(s): No 


• Deposited: 2012-09-23 Released: 2013-10-02 
• Deposition Author(s): Chen, W., Wang, C.

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Experimental Data Snapshot

• Method: SOLUTION NMR
• Conformers Calculated: 200 
• Conformers Submitted: 21 
• Selection Criteria: structures with the lowest energy 

Literature

Familial Alzheimer's mutations within APPTM increase A beta 42 production by enhancing accessibility of epsilon-cleavage site.

Chen, W., Gamache, E., Rosenman, D.J., Xie, J., Lopez, M.M., Li, Y.M., Wang, C.

(2014) Nat Commun 5: 3037-3037

• PubMed: 24390130 
• DOI: 10.1038/ncomms4037
• Primary Citation of Related Structures:  
  2LZ4, 2LZ3


• PubMed Abstract: 
  

The high Aβ42/Aβ40 production ratio is a hallmark of familial Alzheimer's disease, which can be caused by mutations in the amyloid precursor protein (APP). The C-terminus of Aβ is generated by γ-secretase cleavage within the transmembrane domain of APP (APPTM), a process that is primed by an initial ε-cleavage at either T48 or L49, resulting in subsequent production of Aβ42 or Aβ40, respectively. Here we solve the dimer structures of wild-type APPTM (AAPTM WT) and mutant APPTM (FAD mutants V44M) with solution NMR. The right-handed APPTM helical dimer is mediated by GXXXA motif. From the NMR structural and dynamic data, we show that the V44M and V44A mutations can selectively expose the T48 site by weakening helical hydrogen bonds and increasing hydrogen-deuterium exchange rate (kex). We propose a structural model in which FAD mutations (V44M and V44A) can open the T48 site γ-secretase for the initial ε-cleavage, and consequently shift cleavage preference towards Aβ42.

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Related Citations: 

• Expression, purification, and reconstitution of the transmembrane domain of the human amyloid precursor protein for NMR studies.
  Chen, W., Gamache, E., Richardson, D., Du, Z., Wang, C.
  (2012) Protein Expr Purif 81: 11

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Organizational Affiliation: 

Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, 110 8th Street, Troy, New York 12180, USA.

Macromolecules

Entity ID: 1
Molecule	Chains	Sequence Length	Organism	Details	Image
Amyloid beta A4 protein	A, B	31	Homo sapiens	Mutation(s): 0  Gene Names: APP, A4, AD1
Find proteins for P05067 (Homo sapiens) Explore P05067  Go to UniProtKB:  P05067
NIH Common Fund Data Resources
PHAROS  P05067

Experimental Data & Validation

Experimental Data

• Method: SOLUTION NMR
• Conformers Calculated: 200 
• Conformers Submitted: 21 
• Selection Criteria: structures with the lowest energy 
• OLDERADO: 2LZ3 Olderado

Structure Validation

Entry History 

Deposition Data

• Deposited Date: 2012-09-23 
• Released Date: 2013-10-02 
Deposition Author(s): Chen, W., Wang, C.

Revision History 

• Version 1.0: 2013-10-02
  Type: Initial release
  
• Version 1.1: 2013-12-18
  Changes: Database references
• Version 1.2: 2014-02-05
  Changes: Database references
• Version 1.3: 2016-04-27
  Changes: Structure summary