2FJZ

Structure of the Alzheimer's Amyloid Precursor Protein (APP) copper binding domain (residues 133 to 189) in 'small unit cell' form, metal-free

Experimental Data Snapshot

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 1.61 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.209 
  • R-Value Work: 0.177 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.177 

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This is version 1.3 of the entry. See complete history. 


Literature

Structural Studies of the Alzheimer's Amyloid Precursor Protein Copper-binding Domain Reveal How it Binds Copper Ions

Kong, G.K., Adams, J.J., Harris, H.H., Boas, J.F., Curtain, C.C., Galatis, D., Masters, C.L., Barnham, K.J., McKinstry, W.J., Cappai, R., Parker, M.W.

(2007) J Mol Biol 367: 148-161

  • DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2006.12.041
  • Primary Citation of Related Structures:  
    2FK3, 2FK2, 2FK1, 2FKL, 2FJZ

  • PubMed Abstract: 

    • Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the major cause of dementia. Amyloid beta peptide (Abeta), generated by proteolytic cleavage of the amyloid precursor protein (APP), is central to AD pathogenesis. APP can function as a metalloprotein and modulate copper (Cu) transport, presumably via its extracellular Cu-binding domain (CuBD) ...

    Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the major cause of dementia. Amyloid beta peptide (Abeta), generated by proteolytic cleavage of the amyloid precursor protein (APP), is central to AD pathogenesis. APP can function as a metalloprotein and modulate copper (Cu) transport, presumably via its extracellular Cu-binding domain (CuBD). Cu binding to the CuBD reduces Abeta levels, suggesting that a Cu mimetic may have therapeutic potential. We describe here the atomic structures of apo CuBD from three crystal forms and found they have identical Cu-binding sites despite the different crystal lattices. The structure of Cu(2+)-bound CuBD reveals that the metal ligands are His147, His151, Tyr168 and two water molecules, which are arranged in a square pyramidal geometry. The site resembles a Type 2 non-blue Cu center and is supported by electron paramagnetic resonance and extended X-ray absorption fine structure studies. A previous study suggested that Met170 might be a ligand but we suggest that this residue plays a critical role as an electron donor in CuBDs ability to reduce Cu ions. The structure of Cu(+)-bound CuBD is almost identical to the Cu(2+)-bound structure except for the loss of one of the water ligands. The geometry of the site is unfavorable for Cu(+), thus providing a mechanism by which CuBD could readily transfer Cu ions to other proteins.

    Organizational Affiliation: 

    Biota Structural Biology Laboratory, St. Vincent's Institute, 9 Princes Street, Fitzroy, Victoria 3065, Australia.



Macromolecules
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(by identity cutoff)  |  Structure
Entity ID: 1
MoleculeChainsSequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
Amyloid beta A4 protein precursor A59Homo sapiensMutation(s): 0 
Gene Names: APP, A4, AD1
Find proteins for P05067 (Homo sapiens)
Explore P05067 
Go to UniProtKB:  P05067
NIH Common Fund Data Resources
PHAROS:  P05067
Protein Feature View
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  • Reference Sequence
Experimental Data & Validation

Experimental Data

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 1.61 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.209 
  • R-Value Work: 0.177 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.177 
  • Space Group: P 21 21 21
Unit Cell:
Length ( Å )Angle ( ˚ )
a = 31.346α = 90
b = 32.518β = 90
c = 50.2γ = 90
Software Package:
Software NamePurpose
CNSrefinement
DENZOdata reduction
SCALEPACKdata scaling
AMoREphasing

Structure Validation

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View more in-depth experimental data

Entry History 

Deposition Data

Revision History  (Full details and data files)

  • Version 1.0: 2007-01-16
    Type: Initial release
  • Version 1.1: 2008-05-01
    Changes: Version format compliance
  • Version 1.2: 2011-07-13
    Changes: Version format compliance
  • Version 1.3: 2018-04-04
    Changes: Data collection