Structures of maltohexaose and maltoheptaose bound at the donor sites of cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase give insight into the mechanisms of transglycosylation activity and cyclodextrin size specificity.

Uitdehaag, J.C.; van Alebeek, G.J.; van Der Veen, B.A.; Dijkhuizen, L.; Dijkstra, B.W.

doi:10.2210/pdb1eo5/pdb

Macromolecule Content

Total Structure Weight: 77938.59
Atom Count: 5470
Residue Count: 686
Unique protein chains: 1

1EO5

Bacillus circulans strain 251 cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase in complex with maltoheptaose

DOI: 10.2210/pdb1EO5/pdb

Classification: TRANSFERASE
Organism(s): Bacillus circulans
Expression System: Bacillus subtilis
Mutation(s): 2

Deposited: 2000-03-22 Released: 2000-11-22
Deposition Author(s): Uitdehaag, J.C.M., Dijkstra, B.W.

Experimental Data Snapshot

Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
Resolution: 2 Å
R-Value Free: 0.210
R-Value Work: 0.167

wwPDB Validation3D Report Full Report

This is version 1.3 of the entry. See complete history.

Literature

Structures of maltohexaose and maltoheptaose bound at the donor sites of cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase give insight into the mechanisms of transglycosylation activity and cyclodextrin size specificity.

Uitdehaag, J.C., van Alebeek, G.J., van Der Veen, B.A., Dijkhuizen, L., Dijkstra, B.W.

(2000) Biochemistry 39: 7772-7780

PubMed: 10869182 Search on PubMed
Primary Citation of Related Structures:
1EO7

PubMed Abstract:

The enzymes from the alpha-amylase family all share a similar alpha-retaining catalytic mechanism but can have different reaction and product specificities. One family member, cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase (CGTase), has an uncommonly high transglycosylation activity and is able to form cyclodextrins. We have determined the 2.0 and 2.5 A X-ray structures of E257A/D229A CGTase in complex with maltoheptaose and maltohexaose. Both sugars are bound at the donor subsites of the active site and the acceptor subsites are empty. These structures mimic a reaction stage in which a covalent enzyme-sugar intermediate awaits binding of an acceptor molecule. Comparison of these structures with CGTase-substrate and CGTase-product complexes reveals three different conformational states for the CGTase active site that are characterized by different orientations of the centrally located residue Tyr 195. In the maltoheptaose and maltohexaose-complexed conformation, CGTase hinders binding of an acceptor sugar at subsite +1, which suggests an induced-fit mechanism that could explain the transglycosylation activity of CGTase. In addition, the maltoheptaose and maltohexaose complexes give insight into the cyclodextrin size specificity of CGTases, since they precede alpha-cyclodextrin (six glucoses) and beta-cyclodextrin (seven glucoses) formation, respectively. Both ligands show conformational differences at specific sugar binding subsites, suggesting that these determine cyclodextrin product size specificity, which is confirmed by site-directed mutagenesis experiments.

Related Citations:

Crystallographic Studies of the Interaction of Cyclodextrin Glycosyltransferase from Bacillus Circulans Strain 251 with Natural Substrates and Products
Knegtel, R.M.A.,Strokopytov, B.,Penninga, D.,Faber, O.G.,Rozeboom, H.J.,Kalk, K.H.,Dijkhuizen, L.,Dijkstra, B.W.
(1995) J.Biol.Chem. 270: 29256
Structure of Cyclodextrin Glycosyltransferase Complexed with a Maltononaose Inhibitor at 2.6 Angstrom Resolution. Implications for Product Specificity
Strokopytov, B.,Knegtel, R.M.A.,Penninga, D.,Rozeboom, H.J.,Kalk, K.H.,Dijkhuizen, L.,Dijkstra, B.W.
(1996) Biochemistry 35: 4241
The Cyclization Mechanism of Cyclodextrin Glycosyltransferase (CGTase) as Revealed by a Gamma-Cyclodextrin-Cgtase Complex at 1.8 Angstrom Resolution
Uitdehaag, J.C.M.,Kalk, K.H.,Van Der Veen, B.A.,Dijkhuizen, L.,Dijkstra, B.W.
(1999) J.Biol.Chem. 274: 34868
X-Ray Structures Along the Reaction Pathway of Cyclodextrin Glycosyltransferase Elucidate Catalysis in the Alpha-Amylase Family
Uitdehaag, J.C.M.,Mosi, R.,Kalk, K.H.,Van Der Veen, B.A.,Dijkhuizen, L.,Withers, S.G.,Dijkstra, B.W.
(1999) Nat.Struct.Mol.Biol. 6: 432

Organizational Affiliation:

Center for Carbohydrate Bioengineering and Laboratory of Biophysical Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.

Macromolecules

Find similar proteins by: Sequence | Structure

Entity ID: 1
Molecule	Chains	Sequence Length	Organism	Details
PROTEIN (CYCLODEXTRIN GLYCOSYLTRANSFERASE)	A	686	Bacillus circulans	Mutation(s): 2 Gene Names: cgt EC: 2.4.1.19
Find proteins for P43379 (Bacillus circulans) Go to UniProtKB: P43379
Protein Feature View Full Protein Feature View for P43379

Small Molecules

Ligands 4 Unique
ID	Chains	Name / Formula / InChI Key	2D Diagram & Interactions	3D Interactions
CA Query on CA Download SDF File Download CCD File	A	CALCIUM ION Ca BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N		Ligand Interaction
BGC Query on BGC Download SDF File Download CCD File	A	BETA-D-GLUCOSE C₆ H₁₂ O₆ WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N		Ligand Interaction
GLC Query on GLC Download SDF File Download CCD File	A	ALPHA-D-GLUCOSE C₆ H₁₂ O₆ WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-DVKNGEFBSA-N		Ligand Interaction
MPD Query on MPD Download SDF File Download CCD File	A	(4S)-2-METHYL-2,4-PENTANEDIOL C₆ H₁₄ O₂ SVTBMSDMJJWYQN-YFKPBYRVSA-N		Ligand Interaction