1KMF

NMR STRUCTURE OF HUMAN INSULIN MUTANT ILE-A2-ALLO-ILE, HIS-B10-ASP, PRO-B28-LYS, LYS-B29-PRO, 15 STRUCTURES

DOI: 10.2210/pdb1KMF/pdb
BMRB: 5246

Classification: HORMONE/GROWTH FACTOR
Mutation(s): Yes

Deposited: 2001-12-14 Released: 2002-01-09
Deposition Author(s): Xu, B., Hua, Q.X., Nakagawa, S.H., Jia, W., Chu, Y.C., Katsoyannis, P.G., Weiss, M.A.

Experimental Data Snapshot

Method: SOLUTION NMR
Conformers Calculated: 50
Conformers Submitted: 15
Selection Criteria: structures with the lowest energy

wwPDB Validation 3D Report Full Report

This is version 1.2 of the entry. See complete history.

Literature

Chiral mutagenesis of insulin's hidden receptor-binding surface: structure of an allo-isoleucine(A2) analogue.

Xu, B., Hua, Q.X., Nakagawa, S.H., Jia, W., Chu, Y.C., Katsoyannis, P.G., Weiss, M.A.

(2002) J Mol Biol 316: 435-441

PubMed: 11866509 Search on PubMed
DOI: 10.1006/jmbi.2001.5377
Primary Citation of Related Structures:
1KMF

PubMed Abstract:

The hydrophobic core of vertebrate insulins contains an invariant isoleucine residue at position A2. Lack of variation may reflect this side-chain's dual contribution to structure and function: Ile(A2) is proposed both to stabilize the A1-A8 alpha-helix and to contribute to a "hidden" functional surface exposed on receptor binding. Substitution of Ile(A2) by alanine results in segmental unfolding of the A1-A8 alpha-helix, lower thermodynamic stability and impaired receptor binding. Such a spectrum of perturbations, although of biophysical interest, confounds interpretation of structure-activity relationships. To investigate the specific contribution of Ile(A2) to insulin's functional surface, we have employed non-standard mutagenesis: inversion of side-chain chirality in engineered monomer allo-Ile(A2)-DKP-insulin. Although the analogue retains native structure and stability, its affinity for the insulin receptor is impaired by 50-fold. Thus, whereas insulin's core readily accommodates allo-isoleucine at A2, its activity is exquisitely sensitive to chiral inversion. We propose that the Ile(A2) side-chain inserts within a chiral pocket of the receptor as part of insulin's hidden functional surface.

Related Citations:

Critical Role of the A2 Amino Acid Residue in the Biological Activity of Insulin: [2-Glycine-A]- and [2-Alanine-A]insulins
Kitagawa, K., Ogawa, H., Burke, G.T., Chanley, J.D., Katsoyannis, P.G.
(1984) Biochemistry 23: 1405

Importance of Aliphatic Side-Chain Structure at Positions 2 and 3 of the Insulin A Chain in Insulin-Receptor Interactions
Nakagawa, S.H., Tager, H.S.
(1992) Biochemistry 31: 3204

Mapping the Functional Surface of Insulin by Design: Structure and Function of a Novel A-Chain Analogue
Hua, Q.X., Hu, S.Q., Frank, B.H., Jia, W., Chu, Y.C., Wang, S.H., Burke, G.T., Katsoyannis, P.G., Weiss, M.A.
(1996) J Mol Biol 264: 390

A Cavity-Forming Mutation in Insulin Induces Segmental Unfolding of a Surrounding alpha-Helix
Xu, B., Hua, Q.X., Nakagawa, S.H., Jia, W., Chu, Y.C., Katsoyannis, P.G., Weiss, M.A.
(2002) Protein Sci 11: 104

Organizational Affiliation:

Department of Biochemistry, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106-4935, USA.

Macromolecules

Find similar proteins by:

(by identity cutoff) | Structure

Entity ID: 1
Molecule	Chains	Sequence Length	Organism	Details	Image
Insulin	A	21	N/A	Mutation(s): 1
Find proteins for P01308 (Homo sapiens) Explore P01308 Go to UniProtKB: P01308
NIH Common Fund Data Resources
PHAROS P01308
Protein Feature View Expand
Reference Sequence

Find similar proteins by:

(by identity cutoff) | Structure

Entity ID: 2
Molecule	Chains	Sequence Length	Organism	Details	Image
Insulin	B	30	N/A	Mutation(s): 3
Find proteins for P01308 (Homo sapiens) Explore P01308 Go to UniProtKB: P01308
NIH Common Fund Data Resources
PHAROS P01308
Protein Feature View Expand
Reference Sequence