Tegument protein ORF52

UniProtKB accession:  Q2HR80

Grouped By:  Matching UniProtKB accession

UniProtKB description:  Plays a role in the inhibition of host innate immune system by targeting the CGAS enzymatic activity which is the principal cytosolic DNA sensor that detects invading viral DNA (PubMed:26320998, PubMed:34015248, PubMed:34387695). Acts by inhibiting CGAS-DNA phase separation: directly binds double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) in a length dependent but sequence independent manner and is able to form DNA-induced phase separation in infected cells (PubMed:34015248, PubMed:34387695). DNA phase separation of ORF52 mediates disruption of liquid-like droplets in which CGAS is activated, thereby preventing CGAS activity (PubMed:34015248, PubMed:34387695). Targets also the HDP-RNP complex composed of DNA-PK subunits and paraspeckle proteins (PubMed:28712728). This complex is a key nuclear regulator of DNA-mediated activation of innate immune response through the cGAS-STING pathway (PubMed:28712728).