Phospholipase A2 homolog crotoxin acid subunit CA

UniProtKB accession:  P08878

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UniProtKB description:  CAalpha-CAbeta-CAgamma: The acidic subunit of crotoxin (CA) is a heterotrimer of three disulfide-linked chains generated by post-translational maturation of a PLA2-like precursor. CA has no PLA2 activity and is not neurotoxic by itself, but plays several important functions in the crotoxin complex by increasing the lethal potency of the uncomplexed CB subunit. It acts by physically occluding the hydrophobic interfacial binding surface (IBS) of CB (PubMed:21787789, PubMed:21787789). This effect decreases the adsorption of CB to phospholipid membranes, targeting the crotoxin complex to reach the specific presynaptic receptor (R48) at the neuromuscular junction. It also prevents the formation of the reactive CB dimer. Moreover, the CA subunit inhibits the catalytic activity by partially masking the catalytic site of CB (PubMed:21787789) and inhibits its anticoagulant activity.