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The WWE domain is named after three of its conserved residues and is predicted to mediate specific protein- protein interactions in ubiquitin and ADP ribose conjugation systems [1].
This entry represents a WWE domain found in the ARTD/PARP family. The ARTD/PARP family proteins are characterized by their involvement in post-translational modifications and antiviral responses. Members of this family, such as PARP12, function as mo ...
This entry represents a WWE domain found in the ARTD/PARP family. The ARTD/PARP family proteins are characterized by their involvement in post-translational modifications and antiviral responses. Members of this family, such as PARP12, function as mono-ADP-ribosyltransferases, modifying target proteins with ADP-ribose. This modification can impact various cellular processes, including signal transduction, DNA repair, and gene expression. Other members, like the Zinc finger CCCH-type antiviral proteins (ZAP), exhibit a divergent PARP homology domain that is structurally incapable of binding NAD[+] and is thus enzymatically inactive. However, ZAP proteins play a crucial role in antiviral defense by binding to viral RNAs and targeting them for degradation. They recruit cellular machineries such as the exosome complex, PARN, and the DCP1-DCP2 decapping complex to degrade viral mRNAs from both ends, effectively inhibiting viral replication. The family's antiviral function extends to a variety of viruses, including retroviruses and filoviruses, by recognizing specific RNA elements and initiating a host immune response.