Download MendeleyEpstein-Barr virus gp42 antibodies reveal sites of vulnerability for receptor binding and fusion to B cells.
Bu, W., Kumar, A., Board, N.L., Kim, J., Dowdell, K., Zhang, S., Lei, Y., Hostal, A., Krogmann, T., Wang, Y., Pittaluga, S., Marcotrigiano, J., Cohen, J.I.(2024) Immunity 57: 559-573.e6
- PubMed: 38479361
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.immuni.2024.02.008
- Primary Citation of Related Structures:
8TNN, 8TNT, 8TOO - PubMed Abstract:
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) causes infectious mononucleosis and is associated with B cell lymphomas. EBV glycoprotein 42 (gp42) binds HLA class II and activates membrane fusion with B cells. We isolated gp42-specific monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), A10 and 4C12, which use distinct mechanisms to neutralize virus infection. mAb A10 was more potent than the only known neutralizing gp42 mAb, F-2-1, in neutralizing EBV infection and blocking binding to HLA class II. mAb 4C12 was similar to mAb A10 in inhibiting glycoprotein-mediated B cell fusion but did not block receptor binding, and it was less effective in neutralizing infection. Crystallographic structures of gH/gL/gp42/A10 and gp42/4C12 complexes revealed two distinct sites of vulnerability on gp42 for receptor binding and B cell fusion. Passive transfer of mAb A10 into humanized mice conferred nearly 100% protection from viremia and EBV lymphomas after EBV challenge. These findings identify vulnerable sites on EBV that may facilitate therapeutics and vaccines.
Organizational Affiliation:
Medical Virology Section, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
