7XJK

Cryo-EM structure of the galanin-bound GALR2-miniGq complex


Experimental Data Snapshot

  • Method: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
  • Resolution: 3.30 Å
  • Aggregation State: 3D ARRAY 
  • Reconstruction Method: SINGLE PARTICLE 

wwPDB Validation   3D Report Full Report


This is version 1.1 of the entry. See complete history


Literature

Structural insights into galanin receptor signaling.

Jiang, W.Zheng, S.

(2022) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 119: e2121465119-e2121465119

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2121465119
  • Primary Citation of Related Structures:  
    7XJJ, 7XJK, 7XJL

  • PubMed Abstract: 

    Galanin is a biologically active neuropeptide, and functions through three distinct G protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs), namely GALR1, GALR2, and GALR3. GALR signaling plays important roles in regulating various physiological processes such as energy metabolism, neuropathic pain, epileptic activity, and sleep homeostasis. GALR1 and GALR3 signal through the Gi/o pathway, whereas GALR2 signals mainly through the Gq/11 pathway. However, the molecular basis for galanin recognition and G protein selectivity of GALRs remains poorly understood. Here, we report the cryoelectron microscopy structures of the GALR1-Go and the GALR2-Gq complexes bound to the endogenous ligand galanin or spexin. The galanin peptide mainly adopts an alpha helical structure, which binds at the extracellular vestibule of the receptors, nearly parallel to the membrane plane without penetrating deeply into the receptor core. Structural analysis combined with functional studies reveals important structural determinants for the G protein selectivity of GALRs as well as other class A GPCRs. In addition, we show that the zinc ion is a negative allosteric regulator of GALR1 but not GALR2. Our studies provide insight into the mechanisms of G protein selectivity of GPCRs and highlight a potential function of the neuromodulator zinc ion as a modulator of GPCR signaling in the central nervous system.


  • Organizational Affiliation

    Sanduo Zheng Laboratory, National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing 102206, China.


Macromolecules
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Entity ID: 1
MoleculeChains Sequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
Galanin30Homo sapiensMutation(s): 0 
Gene Names: GALGAL1GALNGLNN
Membrane Entity: Yes 
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PHAROS:  P22466
GTEx:  ENSG00000069482 
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UniProt GroupP22466
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  • Reference Sequence
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Entity ID: 2
MoleculeChains Sequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(q)246Homo sapiensMutation(s): 0 
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Entity ID: 3
MoleculeChains Sequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(T) subunit beta-1348Homo sapiensMutation(s): 0 
Gene Names: GNB1
UniProt & NIH Common Fund Data Resources
Find proteins for P62873 (Homo sapiens)
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PHAROS:  P62873
GTEx:  ENSG00000078369 
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Entity ID: 4
MoleculeChains Sequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-271Homo sapiensMutation(s): 1 
Gene Names: GNG2
Membrane Entity: Yes 
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Find proteins for P59768 (Homo sapiens)
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GTEx:  ENSG00000186469 
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UniProt GroupP59768
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Entity ID: 5
MoleculeChains Sequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
single Fab chain (svFv16)300Homo sapiensMutation(s): 0 
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Entity ID: 6
MoleculeChains Sequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
Galanin receptor type 2332Homo sapiensMutation(s): 0 
Gene Names: GALR2GALNR2
Membrane Entity: Yes 
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Find proteins for O43603 (Homo sapiens)
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PHAROS:  O43603
GTEx:  ENSG00000182687 
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UniProt GroupO43603
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  • Reference Sequence
Experimental Data & Validation

Experimental Data

  • Method: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
  • Resolution: 3.30 Å
  • Aggregation State: 3D ARRAY 
  • Reconstruction Method: SINGLE PARTICLE 

Structure Validation

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Entry History & Funding Information

Deposition Data


Funding OrganizationLocationGrant Number
Ministry of Science and Technology (MoST, China)China--

Revision History  (Full details and data files)

  • Version 1.0: 2022-06-29
    Type: Initial release
  • Version 1.1: 2024-11-13
    Changes: Data collection, Structure summary