Biological Assembly 1  

Global Symmetry: Cyclic - C2  (3D View)
Global Stoichiometry: Homo 2-mer - A2 

Biological assembly 1 assigned by authors and generated by PISA (software)

Biological Assembly Evidence: gel filtration

Macromolecule Content

• Total Structure Weight: 123.95 kDa 
• Atom Count: 8,782 
• Modelled Residue Count: 1,073 
• Deposited Residue Count: 1,084 
• Unique protein chains: 1

 6ZWE

Crystal structure of human acetylcholinesterase in complex with ((6-((2E,4E)-5-(benzo[d][1,3]dioxol-5-yl)penta-2,4-dienamido)hexyl)triphenylphosphonium bromide)

• PDB DOI:  https://doi.org/10.2210/pdb6ZWE/pdb

• Classification: HYDROLASE
• Organism(s): Homo sapiens
• Expression System: Cricetulus griseus
• Mutation(s): No 


• Deposited: 2020-07-28 Released: 2021-06-09 
• Deposition Author(s): Da Silva, O., Dias, J., Nachon, F., Brazzolotto, X.

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Experimental Data Snapshot

• Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
• Resolution: 3.00 Å
• R-Value Free: 0.242 
• R-Value Work: 0.198 
• R-Value Observed: 0.199 

Literature

Fine-Tuning the Biological Profile of Multitarget Mitochondriotropic Antioxidants for Neurodegenerative Diseases.

Chavarria, D., Da Silva, O., Benfeito, S., Barreiro, S., Garrido, J., Cagide, F., Soares, P., Remiao, F., Brazzolotto, X., Nachon, F., Oliveira, P.J., Dias, J., Borges, F.

(2021) Antioxidants (Basel) 10

• PubMed: 33672269 
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox10020329
• Primary Citation of Related Structures:  
  6ZWE, 6ZWI


• PubMed Abstract: 
  

Neurotransmitter depletion and mitochondrial dysfunction are among the multiple pathological events that lead to neurodegeneration. Following our previous studies related with the development of multitarget mitochondriotropic antioxidants, this study aims to evaluate whether the π-system extension on the chemical scaffolds of AntiOXCIN2 and AntiOXCIN3 affects their bioactivity and safety profiles. After the synthesis of four triphenylphosphonium (TPP ⁺ ) conjugates (compounds 2 - 5 ), we evaluated their antioxidant properties and their effect on neurotransmitter-metabolizing enzymes. All compounds were potent equine butyrylcholinesterase ( eq BChE) and moderate electric eel acetylcholinesterase ( ee AChE) inhibitors, with catechols 4 and 5 presenting lower IC ₅₀ values than AntiOXCIN2 and AntiOXCIN3, respectively. However, differences in the inhibition potency and selectivity of compounds 2 - 5 towards non-human and human cholinesterases (ChEs) were observed. Co-crystallization studies with compounds 2 - 5 in complex with human ChEs ( h ChEs) showed that these compounds exhibit different binging modes to h AChE and h BChE. Unlike AntiOXCINs, compounds 2 - 5 displayed moderate human monoamine oxidase ( h MAO) inhibitory activity. Moreover, compounds 4 and 5 presented higher ORAC-FL indexes and lower oxidation potential values than the corresponding AntiOXCINs. Catechols 4 and 5 exhibited broader safety windows in differentiated neuroblastoma cells than benzodioxole derivatives 2 and 3. Compound 4 is highlighted as a safe mitochondria-targeted antioxidant with dual ChE/MAO inhibitory activity. Overall, this work is a contribution for the development of dual therapeutic agents addressing both mitochondrial oxidative stress and neurotransmitter depletion.

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Organizational Affiliation: 

CIQUP/Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Porto, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal.

Macromolecules

Entity ID: 1
Molecule	Chains	Sequence Length	Organism	Details	Image
Acetylcholinesterase	A, B	542	Homo sapiens	Mutation(s): 0  Gene Names: ACHE EC: 3.1.1.7
UniProt & NIH Common Fund Data Resources
Find proteins for P22303 (Homo sapiens) Explore P22303  Go to UniProtKB:  P22303
PHAROS:  P22303

Oligosaccharides

Help

Entity ID: 2
Molecule	Chains	Chain Length	2D Diagram	Glycosylation
2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose-(1-4)-[alpha-L-fucopyranose-(1-6)]2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose	C, E	3		N-Glycosylation
Glycosylation Resources
GlyTouCan:  G21290RB GlyCosmos:  G21290RB GlyGen:  G21290RB

Entity ID: 3
Molecule	Chains	Chain Length	2D Diagram	Glycosylation
2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose-(1-3)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose	D	2		N-Glycosylation
Glycosylation Resources
GlyTouCan:  G79924RM GlyCosmos:  G79924RM GlyGen:  G79924RM

Small Molecules

Ligands 5 Unique
ID	Chains	Name / Formula / InChI Key	2D Diagram
QRH (Subject of Investigation/LOI)	G [auth A]	(2~{E},4~{E})-5-(1,3-benzodioxol-5-yl)-~{N}-[6-(triphenyl-$l^{5}-phosphanyl)hexyl]penta-2,4-dienamide C36 H38 N O3 P XYBUESNIYRZZQB-XSDFDVSCSA-N
NAG	F [auth A]	2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose C8 H15 N O6 OVRNDRQMDRJTHS-FMDGEEDCSA-N
SO4	DA [auth B], EA [auth B], FA [auth B], GA [auth B], H [auth A], HA [auth B], I [auth A], IA [auth B], J [auth A], JA [auth B], K [auth A], KA [auth B], L [auth A], M [auth A], N [auth A], O [auth A], P [auth A], Q [auth A]	SULFATE ION O4 S QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L
BR	LA [auth B], R [auth A]	BROMIDE ION Br CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M
CL	AA [auth A], BA [auth A], CA [auth A], MA [auth B], NA [auth B], OA [auth B], PA [auth B], QA [auth B], RA [auth B], S [auth A], SA [auth B], T [auth A], TA [auth B], U [auth A], UA [auth B], V [auth A], VA [auth B], W [auth A], WA [auth B], X [auth A], XA [auth B], Y [auth A], Z [auth A]	CHLORIDE ION Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M

Experimental Data & Validation

Experimental Data

• Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
• Resolution: 3.00 Å
• R-Value Free: 0.242 
• R-Value Work: 0.198 
• R-Value Observed: 0.199 
• Space Group: P 6₁

Unit Cell:

Length ( Å )	Angle ( ˚ )
a = 211.35	α = 90
b = 211.35	β = 90
c = 115.9	γ = 120

Software Package:

Software Name	Purpose
PHENIX	refinement
MOSFLM	data reduction
SCALA	data scaling
PHASER	phasing

Structure Validation

Entry History 

Deposition Data

• Released Date: 2021-06-09 
Deposition Author(s): Da Silva, O., Dias, J., Nachon, F., Brazzolotto, X.

Revision History  

• Version 1.0: 2021-06-09
  Type: Initial release