Download MendeleyDimerization Induced by C-Terminal 14-3-3 Binding Is Sufficient for BRAF Kinase Activation.
Liau, N.P.D., Venkatanarayan, A., Quinn, J.G., Phung, W., Malek, S., Hymowitz, S.G., Sudhamsu, J.(2020) Biochemistry 59: 3982-3992
- PubMed: 32970425
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.biochem.0c00517
- Primary Citation of Related Structures:
6XAG - PubMed Abstract:
The Ras-RAF-MEK-ERK signaling axis, commonly mutated in human cancers, is highly regulated to prevent aberrant signaling in healthy cells. One of the pathway modulators, 14-3-3, a constitutive dimer, induces RAF dimerization and activation by binding to a phosphorylated motif C-terminal to the RAF kinase domain. Recent work has suggested that a C-terminal "DTS" region in BRAF is necessary for this 14-3-3-mediated activation. We show that the catalytic activity and ATP binding affinity of the BRAF:14-3-3 complex is insensitive to the presence or absence of the DTS, while the ATP sites of both BRAF molecules are identical and available for binding. We also present a crystal structure of the apo BRAF:14-3-3 complex showing that the DTS is not required to attain the catalytically active conformation of BRAF. Rather, BRAF dimerization induced by 14-3-3 is the key step in activation, allowing the active BRAF:14-3-3 tetramer to achieve catalytic activity comparable to the constitutively active oncogenic BRAF V600E mutant.
