Biological Assembly 1  

 3D View: Structure | Ligand Interaction

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Global Symmetry: Asymmetric - C1 
Global Stoichiometry: Hetero 20-mer - A2B2C2D2EFGHIJKLMNOP Pseudo Symmetry: Asymmetric - C1 
Pseudo Stoichiometry: Hetero 20-mer -A8BCDEFGHIJKLM 

Biological assembly 1 assigned by authors and generated by PISA (software)

Biological Assembly Evidence: gel filtration

Macromolecule Content

• Total Structure Weight: 732091.00 
• Atom Count: 43988 
• Residue Count: 5918 
• Unique protein chains: 16
• Unique nucleic acid chains: 3

6I84

Structure of transcribing RNA polymerase II-nucleosome complex

• DOI: 10.2210/pdb6I84/pdb
• EMDataResource: EMD-4429

• Classification: TRANSCRIPTION
• Organism(s): synthetic construct, Xenopus laevis, Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c)
• Expression System: Escherichia coli


• Deposited: 2018-11-19 Released: 2019-01-02 
• Deposition Author(s): Farnung, L., Vos, S.M., Cramer, P.
• Funding Organization(s): European Research Council; European Molecular Biology Organization; German Research Foundation 

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Experimental Data Snapshot

• Method: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
• Resolution: 4.4 Å
• Aggregation State: PARTICLE 
• Reconstruction Method: SINGLE PARTICLE 

Literature

Structure of transcribing RNA polymerase II-nucleosome complex.

Farnung, L., Vos, S.M., Cramer, P.

(2018) Nat Commun 9: 5432-5432

• PubMed: 30575770 
• DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07870-y


• PubMed Abstract: 
  

Transcription of eukaryotic protein-coding genes requires passage of RNA polymerase II (Pol II) through nucleosomes, but it is unclear how this is achieved. Here we report the cryo-EM structure of transcribing Saccharomyces cerevisiae Pol II engaged with a downstream nucleosome core particle at an overall resolution of 4.4 Å. Pol II and the nucleosome are observed in a defined relative orientation that is not predicted. Pol II contacts both sides of the nucleosome dyad using its clamp head and lobe domains. Structural comparisons reveal that the elongation factors TFIIS, DSIF, NELF, SPT6, and PAF1 complex can be accommodated on the Pol II surface in the presence of the oriented nucleosome. Our results provide a starting point for analysing the mechanisms of chromatin transcription.

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Organizational Affiliation: 

School of Biological Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,All India Institute of Medical Sciences.,Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom; [e-mail] [e-mail] [e-mail].,Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.,School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3217, Australia.,Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. [e-mail].,Department of Biophysics, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390.,Laboratory of Chemical Physics, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.,Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Physiology and Biotechnology, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden; [e-mail] [e-mail] [e-mail].,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 320 Yueyang Road, Shanghai 200031, P.R. China.,High Pressure and Synchrotron Radiation Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.,Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, Taoyuan, 32001, Taiwan. [e-mail].,Faculty of Basic Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605 and [e-mail].,Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Department of Systems Biology for Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China. [e-mail].,German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Genome Analysis Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany; Chair of Experimental Genetics, Technical University Munich, 85350, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany; German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.,Drug Resistance & Membrane Proteins Laboratory, UMR 5086 CNRS-UCBL1, IBCP, 69367, Lyon, France.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095.,Chemical Biology Consortium Sweden, Science for Life Laboratory, Division of Translational Medicine and Chemical Biology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, S-171 21 Stockholm, Sweden.,Unit of Structural Dynamics of Macromolecules, Institut Pasteur and UMR 3528 du CNRS, 75015 Paris, France.,Department of Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Clinical Immunology, Medical Faculty , Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf , Moorenstrasse 5 , 40225 Düsseldorf , Germany.,Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, Central Laboratory of Institute of Molecular Technology for Drug Discovery and Synthesis, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Hong Hong, China.,Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York.,Department of Chemistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea.,Cancer Research UK Nucleic Acid Structure Research Group, MSI/WTB Complex, The University of Dundee, Dow Street, Dundee DD1 5EH, UK.,Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA.,Molecular Zoology Team, Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon, Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, 46 Allée d'Italie, 69364 Lyon Cedex 07, France.,Research and Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 13353 Berlin, Germany; [e-mail] [e-mail].,Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom, and.,Structural Biology Science Technology Platform, The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London, NW1 1AT, UK.,Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Cracow, Poland.,State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 132 Lanhei Road, Heilongtan, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, People's Republic of China. [e-mail].,Division of Biochemistry and Oncode Institute, Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, 100 Haike Road, Shanghai 201210, P.R. China.,LifeMine Therapeutics, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Sorbonne Universités, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC) Université Paris 06, CNRS, Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement de Villefranche-sur-Mer, Observatoire Océanologique de Villefranche-sur-Mer, 181 Chemin du Lazaret, 06230 Villefranche-sur-Mer, France.,Department of Life Sciences, National Central University, Taoyuan, 32001, Taiwan.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. [e-mail].,Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Department of Molecular Biology, Göttingen, Germany.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia.,Depertment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Osaka Medical College, Osaka, Japan.,Evotec, Milton, United Kingdom.,Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya Street 16/10, Moscow 117997, Russian Federation.,Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas, Universidad Nacional de San Martín, CP1650 San Martín, Argentina.,Department of Chemistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea. [e-mail].,School of Life Sciences (KNU Creative BioResearch Group), KNU Institute for Microorganisms, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.,Pathology, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine.,Department of Molecular Genetics, German Institute of Human Nutrition, Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee, Nuthetal, Germany.,Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia.,Groningen Enzyme and Cofactor Collection (GECCO), University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747AG, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Foundation for Applied Molecular Evolution and the Westheimer Institute of Science & Technology, Alachua, FL 32615, USA.,Ingénierie Moléculaire et Physiopathologie Articulaire, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unité Mixte de Recherche 7365, Université de Lorraine, Biopôle de l'Université de Lorraine, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy Cedex, France.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,Groningen Enzyme and Cofactor Collection (GECCO), University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747AG, Groningen, The Netherlands. [e-mail].,Virus Entry and Vaccines Laboratory, Life Sciences, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia [e-mail] [e-mail].,Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging (IBB), National Research Council & Interuniversity Research Centre on Bioactive Peptides (CIRPEB), Via Mezzocannone 16, 80134 Naples, Italy. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Hybrigenics Services, Paris, 75014, France.,Institute of Molecular Virology, Ulm University Medical Center, 89081 Ulm, Germany.,Institute for Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Murdoch University, Murdoch, Australia.,Institute of Immunology, University Medical Center Ulm, Ulm, Germany.,Drug Discovery Services, Evotec AG, 22419 Hamburg, Germany.,Uppsala Drug Optimisation and Pharmaceutical Profiling Platform (UDOPP), Department of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering; University of Wisconsin-Madison; 1415 Engineering Drive; Madison, WI, 53706.,Proteomics & Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, ISPAAM, National Research Council, Via Argine 1085, 80147 Naples, Italy.,GM/CA, Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL 60439.,Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Department of Biology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Midatech Pharma Plc, Milton, United Kingdom.,Department of Chemistry , University of Eastern Finland , 80101 Joensuu , Finland.,Graduate Program in Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, United States.,Developmental Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69012 Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Sealy Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX 77555, USA. [e-mail] [e-mail].,MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK.,Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Sec 2, Taipei, 115, Taiwan.,Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China.,Tri-Institutional PhD Program in Computational Biology and Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York.,Structural Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Department of Molecular Biology, Science III, University of Geneva, 30 Quai Ernest-Ansermet, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland.,Institute of Biochemistry, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria.,Faculty of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of Oulu, Aapistie 7A, Oulu, Finland.,Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117604, Singapore. [e-mail].,CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China.,CNRS, IMoPA, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, F-54000, France.,Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110; [e-mail] [e-mail].,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, 01655, USA.,School of Biochemistry, Devi Ahilya University, Indore, India.,Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai 200025, China. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan.,Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105.,Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110.,Unit of Structural Dynamics of Macromolecules, Institut Pasteur and UMR 3528 du CNRS, 75015 Paris, France; Sorbonne Universités, UPMC University Paris 6, 75005 Paris, France.,Basic Science Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA.,Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.,Department of Biological Chemistry, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.,From the Laboratório Nacional de Biociências, Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brazil, [e-mail].,Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.,Park Place Research Ltd , Unit 5/6 Willowbrook Technology Park, Llandogo Road, St. Mellons , Cardiff CF3 0EF , U.K.,Department of Biothermodynamics and Drug Design, Institute of Biotechnology, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio al. 7, Vilnius LT-10257, Lithuania. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China.,IGMM, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, 34293, France. [e-mail].,School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University.,Institute of Biophysical Chemistry and Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.,Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, 4111, Australia.,Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050, Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.,Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Australia [e-mail] [e-mail].,iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, Oeiras, 2781-901, Portugal.,Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics, Pfotenhauerstrasse 108, 01307 Dresden, Germany.,Virus Entry and Vaccines Laboratory, Life Sciences, Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Computer Science, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4530, United States.,CEITEC-Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.,Institute for Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Philipps University Marburg, 35032, Marburg, Germany. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Institute of Tropical Medicine and German Center for Infection Research, Partner Site Tübingen, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics and Science for Life Laboratory, Stockholm University, 17165 Solna, Sweden.,Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC 3217, Australia.,Institute of Biophysical Chemistry and Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.,Jagiellonian University, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Crystal Chemistry and Crystal Physics, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Kraków, Poland. Electronic address: [e-mail].,School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Nuclear Receptor Signals.,Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. [e-mail].,Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Yonsei University College of Medicine.,Department of Paediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Leicester Institute of Structural and Chemical Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom.,the Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource, SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025.,Department of Biophysics and Biophysical Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Jagiellonian University, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Crystal Chemistry and Crystal Physics, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Kraków, Poland. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Department of Molecular Biology, Göttingen, Germany. [e-mail].,Department of Biochemistry, McIntyre Medical Sciences Building, McGill University, 3655 Promenade Sir William Osler, Montreal, Quebec, H3G 1Y6, Canada.,Medical Research Council Centre for Molecular Bacteriology and Infection, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ London, United Kingdom; [e-mail] [e-mail].,Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA 20147, USA.,Infection and Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia.,Heptares Therapeutics Ltd., Broadwater Road, Hertfordshire, AL7 3AX, UK.,Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. [e-mail].,Institute for Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry , Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf , Universitätsstrasse 1 , 40225 Düsseldorf , Germany.,From the Department of Biology and [e-mail].,Institute for Life Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom, and [e-mail].,From the Departments of Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering, [e-mail].,Department of Internal Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine.,the Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7DQ, United Kingdom.,Department of Biophysics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390.,Pharmaceutical Sciences, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Waltham, MA, 02451, USA.,Division of Experimental Medicine, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Center, 1001 Decarie Boulevard, Montreal, Quebec, H4A 3J1, Canada.,Bioactive Molecules and Medicinal Chemistry, EA 4446, Faculty of Pharmacy - ISPB, University Lyon 1, 69373, Lyon, France; Drug Resistance & Membrane Proteins Laboratory, UMR 5086 CNRS-UCBL1, IBCP, 69367, Lyon, France.,State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.,CRBM, University of Montpellier, CNRS, 1919 Route de Mende, Montpellier, 34090, France.,Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, 89 Wenhua 1st Street, Tainan, 717, Taiwan.,Biosuperiors, MedImmune, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20878.,the School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Campinas, São Paulo 13083-852, Brazil, and.,New Drug Development Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation.,Discovery Sciences, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, CB4 0WG, UK.,Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105 [e-mail].,Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, USA. ; Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, USA.,Center for Translational Biology, The Research Institute of McGill University Health Center, 1001 Decarie Boulevard, Montreal, Quebec, H4A 3J1, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390.,Firebird Biomolecular Sciences LLC, Alachua, FL 32615, USA.,UCB Celltech, Slough, United Kingdom.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73104.,State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Contemporary Anthropology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Yangpu District, Shanghai, China.,Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Department of Molecular Biology, Am Fassberg 11, 37077, Göttingen, Germany. [e-mail].,Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.,Health Science Research Facility 130, 149 Beaumont Avenue, Department of Molecular Physiology & Biophysics, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, United States.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801.,Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation.,Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Dover Street, Manchester M13 9PT, UK; Bioinformatics Institute, 30 Biopolis Street, Singapore 138671, Singapore.,Laboratory of Cell Biology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States.,Section of Microbiology and MRC Centre for Molecular Bacteriology and Infection, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.,The Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Graduate Education, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee; Joint Institute for Biological Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee; Biology and Soft Matter Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, 9016 Dunedin, New Zealand.,Institute for Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Philipps University Marburg, 35032, Marburg, Germany.,Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan. [e-mail].,Department of Molecular and Cell Biology and California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Immunity, Shenzhen Third People's Hospital, Shenzhen, China.,Departments of Biochemistry and Immunology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Temasek Life Sciences Laboratory, Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117604, Singapore.,Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, S-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden.,Protein NMR Laboratory, Advanced Analytics Section, Human Health Therapeutics Research Center, National Research Council Canada, 6100 Royalmount Avenue, Montreal, Quebec, H4P 2R2, Canada.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine , Columbia University Irving Medical Center , PH8-W, 630 West 168th Street, PH 8-West , New York , New York 10032 , United States.,Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali (CHIBIOFARAM), Università degli Studi di Messina, Viale Palatucci, Polo didattico SS, Annunziata, 98168, Messina, Italy.,From the Laboratório Nacional de Biociências, Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brazil, [e-mail].,Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.,Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia in Ceske Budejovice, Branisovska 1760, 370 05 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic.,Departament de Genètica, Microbiologia i Estadística, Institut de Recerca de la Biodiversitat (IRBio), Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Avinguda Diagonal 643, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.,State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Klinikum der Universität München, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., Flemingovo nam. 2, 166 10 Prague, Czech Republic.,Uni Research, Center for Applied Biotechnology, Thormøhlens gate 55, Bergen, 5006, Norway.,Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology , University College London , Gower Street , London WC1E 6BT , U.K.,Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.,The Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research , University College London , Gower Street , London WC1E 6BT , U.K.,Molecular Enzymology Group, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747AG, Groningen, The Netherlands. [e-mail].,Oncology, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, CB4 0WG, UK.,From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts 01605 and.,Molecular Enzymology Group, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747AG, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Structural Biology Lab, Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 9, 27100, Pavia, Italy. [e-mail].,Structural Biology Lab, Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 9, 27100, Pavia, Italy.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Sealy Center for Molecular Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston, Galveston, TX 77555, USA.,Centre for Synthetic Biology of Fine and Specialty Chemicals (SYNBIOCHEM), Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Manchester M1 7DN, United Kingdom. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, United States.,Center for Biological Sequence Analysis, Department of Bio and Health Informatics, The Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Lyngby, Denmark.,Institute of Biophysics, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Genova, Italy.,Experimental Molecular Biophysics, Institute of Physics, Freie Universität Berlin, 14195 Berlin, Germany.,Division of Environmental & Biomolecular Systems, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239.,Equipe labélisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, 34293, Montpellier, France. [e-mail].,Molecular Biophysics Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560 012, India.,Department of Herbal Medicine Resources, College of Environmental and Bioresource Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea.,Pharmacology Chair, Dept. of Science of Health School of Medicine, University of Catanzaro, Campus Universitario "Salvatore Venuta", Viale Europa - Loc. Germaneto, 88100, Catanzaro, Italy.,Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801.,Department of Structural Biology, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, United States.,Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9474, AG, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Institute of Molecular Biophysics, Kasha Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4380, United States. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Alkermes, Inc., Waltham, MA, USA.,VIB-VUB Center for Structural Biology, VIB, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07030.,Department of Biochemistry , University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center , 5323 Harry Hines Blvd , Dallas , Texas 75390 , United States.,Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Sorbonne Université , CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, UMR 8232 , 4 place Jussieu , 75005 Paris , France.,Program in Molecular Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada. [e-mail] [e-mail].,Institute of Molecular Biophysics, Kasha Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-4380, United States.,Department of Molecular and Cell Biology and California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA; Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA. Electronic address: [e-mail].,School of Human Sciences, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia.,Research Center for Clinical and Translational Medicine/Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing, China.,Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Sanofi, Strasbourg, France.,University of Vienna, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Biophysical Chemistry, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Biophysics, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390; [e-mail].,Center for Nucleic Acids Science and Technology, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.,Fulcrum Therapeutics, Cambridge, MA, USA.,MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK. [e-mail].,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA-DOE Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.,Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA. [e-mail].,State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center of Genetics and Development, Department of Physiology and Biophysics, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Yangpu District, Shanghai, China.,Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Medical Faculty , Leipzig University , Brüderstraße 34 , 04103 Leipzig , Germany.,Sanaria, Rockville, MD, USA.,Department of Molecular Biology, Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan. [e-mail].,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Janelia Research Campus, Ashburn, VA, 20147, USA.,Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging , Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School , Charlestown , Massachusetts 02129 , United States.,the Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China.,Picobiology Institute, Graduate School of Life Science, University of Hyogo, 3-2-1 Koto, Kamigori-cho, Ako-kun, Hyogo 678-1297, Japan.,Jagiellonian University, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Crystal Chemistry and Crystal Physics, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Kraków, Poland; Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, 30-239 Kraków, Poland. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University.,The Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, 330006, Nanchang, China.,Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390; [e-mail].,Lehrstuhl für Biologische Chemie, Technische Universität München, 85354 Freising (Weihenstephan), Germany.,Structural Biology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA.,Structural analysis, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation.,From the Division for Cell Biology and [e-mail].,Center for Biomedical Research Support , University of Texas , Austin , Texas 78712 , United States.,Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA. [e-mail].,CNRS, INSERM, IBSLOR, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, F-54000, France.,Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.,Laboratory Animal Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation [e-mail].,NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.,Sheffield Cancer Centre, Department of Oncology and Metabolism, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States.,a Department of Biotherapeutic and Medicinal Sciences , Biogen , Cambridge , MA , USA.,Oncology, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Waltham, MA, 02451, USA. [e-mail].,Amazon, Seattle, WA, USA.,Department of Structural Biology , Jacobs School of Medicine & Biomedical Sciences at the University at Buffalo , 955 Main Street , Buffalo , New York 14203 , United States.,Division of Chemical Biology & Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy , University of Texas , Austin , Texas 78712 , United States.,From the Division for Cell Biology and.,Molecular Biology Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, United States.,Research Network of Immunity and Health (RNIH), Beijing Institutes of Life Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Unit of Structural Dynamics of Macromolecules, Institut Pasteur and UMR 3528 du CNRS, 75015 Paris, France. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.,B Cell Immunology, German Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, Germany. [e-mail] [e-mail].,Department of Biopharmaceutics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan.,Program in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,University Center for Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, 1 University Road, Tainan, 701, Taiwan.,Division of Infectious Diseases, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.,Analytical Sciences, and.,School of Life Sciences (KNU Creative BioResearch Group), KNU Institute for Microorganisms, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Roy and Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry , University of Pennsylvania , 231 South 34th Street , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19104-6323 , United States.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA.,Center for Molecular Microscopy, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States.,Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3052, Australia.,Nurix, Inc., San Francisco, CA, USA.,Department of Pathology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, VU University Medical Center, de Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands.,Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. [e-mail].,Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, University College London, London WC1E 6XA, UK.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology at the Peter Doherty Institute, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.,Department of Chemistry , University of California Irvine , Irvine , California 92697-2025 , United States.,Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK.,Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Sec. 2, Taipei, 115, Taiwan.,Department of Chemical Engineering; Pennsylvania State University; 158 Fenske Laboratory; University Park, PA, 16802.,Department of Gene Vectors, Helmholtz Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany.,University of Florence, NEUROFARBA Department, Sezione di Farmaceutica e Nutraceutica, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy.,The Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, NIAID, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, 20852, USA.,Leibniz-Forschungsinstitut für Molekulare Pharmakologie, Berlin, Germany.,Parasites and Microbes Programme , Wellcome Sanger Institute , Hinxton, Cambridgeshire CB10 1SA , U.K.,Department of Biological Sciences, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.,Kyungpook National University Hospital.,Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Dover Street, Manchester M13 9PT, UK. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Department of Biochemistry , University of Texas Health Science Center , San Antonio , Texas 78229-3900 , United States.,Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, United States.,State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 132 Lanhei Road, Heilongtan, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, People's Republic of China.,Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China.,Physical Chemistry, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland.,Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell, CEA, CNRS, Univ Paris-Sud and Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.,Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Vector Biology Unit, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Molecular Biology, Science III, University of Geneva, 30 Quai Ernest-Ansermet, CH-1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Food Technology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.,Center for Marine Environmental Sciences (MARUM), University of Bremen, Germany.,Department of Chemistry, York Structural Biology Laboratory , University of York , Heslington, York YO10 5DD , United Kingdom.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine and Hospital.,Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Department of Molecular Biosciences, The University of Texas, Austin, TX 78712, USA.,Centre for Synthetic Biology of Fine and Specialty Chemicals (SYNBIOCHEM), Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Manchester M1 7DN, United Kingdom.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555.,Institut für Pharmazeutische und Medizinische Chemie , Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf , Universitätsstrasse 1 , 40225 Düsseldorf , Germany.,Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China [e-mail].,Munich Center for Integrated Protein Science (CIPS-M) and Lehrstuhl für Biologische Chemie, Technische Universität München, 85354 Freising (Weihenstephan), Germany.,Protein Diffraction Group, Experimental Facility Division, National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu, 30076, Taiwan.,School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanchang University, 330031, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.,Bioanalytics, Institute of Biotechnology, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany.,Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital.,Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, 3000, Australia.,NCE Discovery (Domainex Ltd) , Chesterford Research Park, Little Chesterford , Saffron Walden , Essex CB10 1XL , U.K.,School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia.,Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics and Science for Life Laboratory, Stockholm University, 17165 Solna, Sweden; Swedish e-Science Research Center, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 11428 Stockholm, Sweden.,CNRS, IMoPA, Université de Lorraine, Nancy, F-54000, France. [e-mail].,Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland.,Department of Structural Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-Honmachi, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan; Priority Organization for Innovation and Excellence, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan.,CNRS, UMR 8576-UGSF- Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, Univ. Lille, 59000, Lille, France.,Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.,Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.,Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Birkbeck College, University of London, Malet Street, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Molecular and Cell Biology and California Institute for Quantitative Biosciences, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.,Drug Discovery Biology, Idorsia Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Allschwil, Switzerland.,Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, University of Georgia, 240 West Green Street, Athens, GA 30602, USA.,Laboratory of Cell Signaling, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.,European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Grenoble Outstation, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, 38042 Grenoble, France.,Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Cracow, Poland.,Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 230, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, United States of America.,Structural Biology Brussels, Vrije Universiteit Brussels, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Department of Systems Biology for Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.,From the Departments of Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering.,Department of Molecular Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Chicago, Chicago, United States.,Loschmidt Laboratories, Department of Experimental Biology and RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5/A13, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic.,Institute of Biochemistry, Greifswald University, Germany.,IGF, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, 34090, France.,Janssen Prevention Center, Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, Archimedesweg 6, 2333 CN Leiden, the Netherlands.,School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261.,Beryllium Discovery, Bedford, Massachusetts, United States of America.,Department of Biochemistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Oncology, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Alderley Park, SK10 4TG, UK.,Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini-CNR, Via Mezzocannone 16, 80134, Napoli, Italy.,School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of TCM, No. 1166 Liutai Avenue, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, 611137, Sichuan, People's Republic of China. [e-mail].,Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158.,Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ 07030; [e-mail] [e-mail] [e-mail].,Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. [e-mail].,From the Departments of Structural Biology and.,Basic Science Program, Leidos Biomedical Research, Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA. [e-mail].,Janssen Prevention Center, Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, Archimedesweg 6, 2333 CN Leiden, the Netherlands; Department of Neurology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Academic Medical Center, Meidreefberg 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.,Janssen Prevention Center, Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson, 3210 Merryfield Row, San Diego, CA 92121, USA.,Jagiellonian University, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Crystal Chemistry and Crystal Physics, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Kraków, Poland. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Jagiellonian University, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Department of Cell Biology and Imaging, Gronostajowa 9, 30-387 Kraków, Poland. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Program in Molecular Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children Research Institute, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Physiological Chemistry, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Hannover, Germany.,From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73104 [e-mail].,Section of Structural Biology, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles CA 90095, USA; Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA 20147, USA; Departments of Physiology and Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles CA 90095, USA. Electronic address: [e-mail].,BioBank, First Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi Sheng 710061, China.,Center for Integrated Protein Science Munich, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany.,Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Stockholm University, S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden.,Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Medical Faculty , Leipzig University , Brüderstr. 34 , 04103 Leipzig , Germany.,Department of Chemistry , Washington University in St. Louis , One Brookings Drive , St. Louis , Missouri 63130 , United States.,Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia.,Department of Biothermodynamics and Drug Design, Institute of Biotechnology, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania.,ED515, Paris Sorbonne Université, 75006 Paris, France.,The Sir Peter MacCallum Center, Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3000, Australia.,Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.,Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, United Kingdom.,Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Biological Sciences, University of Bergen, Thormøhlens gate 53, Bergen, 5006, Norway.,Science for Life Laboratory Drug Discovery and Development Platform, ADME of Therapeutics Facility, Department of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Biochemistry and Groupe de Recherche Axé sur la Structure des Protéines , McGill University , Montreal , QC H3G 0B1 , Canada.,College of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Zhejiang University of Technology , Hangzhou 310014 , P. R. China.,Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Australia.,Signalling in Apicomplexan Parasites Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, NW1 1AT London United Kingdom.,From the Departments of Antibody Discovery and Protein Engineering, [e-mail].,The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK.,Institute of Biophysical Chemistry and Center for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Departments of Chemistry and Global Health , University of Washington , 36 Bagley Hall, 400 15th Avenue NE , Seattle , Washington 98195 , United States.,From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73104.,Dipartimento NEUROFARBA, Università di Firenze, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.,Viral Mutation Section, HIV Dynamics and Replication Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA.,Department of Structural Biology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 5-1 Oe-Honmachi, Kumamoto 862-0973, Japan.,Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas, Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390.,Laboratory for Protein Functional and Structural Biology, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa, Japan.,SciLifeLab, SE-17121 Solna, Sweden.,Institute of Chemistry and Bioanalytics, University of Applied Sciences Northwestern Switzerland, Hofackerstrasses 30, 4132 Muttenz, Switzerland. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Department of Biotechnology and Nanomedicine, SINTEF Industry, N-7465 Trondheim, Norway.,Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110.,The Norwegian Structural Biology Centre (NorStruct), Department of Chemistry, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, 9037, Norway.,Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, UK. Electronic address: [e-mail].,State Key Laboratory of Bioorganic and Natural Products Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Saarland University, Campus C23, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany.,Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158; [e-mail] [e-mail].,NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Virology and Viral Diseases, National Institute for Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China [e-mail] [e-mail].,Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.,Department of Biothermodynamics and Drug Design, Institute of Biotechnology, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio al. 7, Vilnius LT-10257, Lithuania.,Unité Dynamique Structurale des Macromolécules, Institut Pasteur, UMR 3528, CNRS, 75015 Paris, France.,Division of Biomedical Convergence, College of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea.,Research Center for Applied Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan.,Max Planck Institute for Marine Microbiology, Bremen, Germany.,Oncology, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Waltham, MA, 02451, USA.,Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747, AG, Groningen, The Netherlands.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA. [e-mail].,Department of Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095.,Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801; [e-mail] [e-mail] [e-mail].,College of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41940, Republic of Korea.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Cheng Kung University, 1 University Road, Tainan, 701, Taiwan.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles CA 90095, USA; Janelia Research Campus, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Ashburn, VA 20147, USA.,eBIC, Diamond Light Source Ltd, Diamond House, Harwell Science & Innovation Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0DE, UK.,Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Dover Street, Manchester M13 9PT, UK.,Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Australia.,Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Department of Molecular Biology, Am Fassberg 11, 37077, Göttingen, Germany.,The Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Graduate Education, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee; Biology and Soft Matter Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee; Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee; Shull Wollan Center, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee.,Division of Biology and Biological Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA; Institute of Molecular Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 123182, Russia.,Division of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.,Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA. [e-mail].,Department of Pathology and Hepatology, Beijing 302 Hospital, Beijing, China.,Department of Pharmacological and Technological Chemistry, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia.,Pure MHC LLC, Austin, Texas 78229, and.,School of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wuxing Street, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.,Cancer Research Technology Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, United States.,Department of Microbiology & Immunology , Columbia University Irving Medical Center , 701 West 168th Street, HHSC 1502 , New York , New York 10032 , United States.,Bioactive Molecules and Medicinal Chemistry, EA 4446, Faculty of Pharmacy - ISPB, University Lyon 1, 69373, Lyon, France.,Department of Biology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland.,CNRS, UMR 8576-UGSF- Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, Univ. Lille, 59000, Lille, France. [e-mail].,Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA.,From the Department of Biology and.,California NanoSystems Institute, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.,Jagiellonian University, Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Crystal Chemistry and Crystal Physics, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Kraków, Poland. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Discovery Sciences, IMED Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Waltham, MA, 02451, USA.,Infinitus (China) Co. Ltd. , Guangzhou 510663 , P. R. China.,B Cell Immunology, German Cancer Research Institute, Heidelberg, Germany.,Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA, CNRS, IBS, F-38000 Grenoble, France. [e-mail].,Department of Protein - DNA Interactions, Institute of Biotechnology, Vilnius University, Saulėtekio al. 7, Vilnius LT-10257, Lithuania.,State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Department of Pharmacology , Stony Brook University , Stony Brook , New York 11794 , United States.,Center of Infectious Diseases, West China Hospital, Sichuan University and Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, 610041, China.,Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche ed Ambientali (CHIBIOFARAM), Università degli Studi di Messina, Viale Palatucci, Polo didattico SS, Annunziata, 98168, Messina, Italy. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Michael Smith Laboratory, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.,Medical Research Council Centre for Molecular Bacteriology and Infection, Imperial College London, SW7 2AZ London, United Kingdom.,Department of Applied Life Science, Faculty of Biotechnology and Life Science, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.,Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital.,Department of Molecular Immunology , Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope , 1500, E. Duarte Road , Duarte , California 91010 , United States.,the Carlson School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Clark University, Worcester, Massachusetts 01610.,Department of Biophysics and Biophysical Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA [e-mail].,Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, 69978 Tel Aviv, Israel.,Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.,New drug development center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA.,Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging (IBB), National Research Council & Interuniversity Research Centre on Bioactive Peptides (CIRPEB), Via Mezzocannone 16, 80134 Naples, Italy.,Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology , University of Ljubljana , Večna pot 113 , SI-1000 Ljubljana , Slovenia.,Bioinformatics Institute, 30 Biopolis Street, Singapore 138671, Singapore; Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, 14 Science Drive 4, Singapore 117543, Singapore.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Maryland, 20 North Pine Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.,Centre de Biochimie Structurale, Inserm, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, 29 Rue de Navacelles, 34090 Montpellier, France.,Center for Integrated Protein Science at the Department Chemie, Lehrstuhl für Biochemie , Technische Universität München , Lichtenbergstrasse 4 , 85747 Garching , Germany.,Equipe labélisée Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, 34293, Montpellier, France.,Department of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Department of Biophysics , University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center , 5323 Harry Hines Blvd , Dallas , Texas 75390 , United States.,Department of Biochemistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110.,Graduate School of Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan.,Latvian Biomedical Research and Study Center, Riga, Latvia.,Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan.,National Biomedical Center for Advanced Electron Spin Resonance Technology (ACERT), Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.,Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 37673, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland. Electronic address: [e-mail].,INRA, CNRS, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation, Université de Bourgogne-Franche Comté, Dijon, France.,From the Centre for Biological Sciences, Faculty of Natural & Environmental Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom.,Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Biochemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea.,Laboratory of Chemical Physics, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892; [e-mail] [e-mail] [e-mail].,The Medical Research Council Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, CB2 0XY Cambridge, United Kingdom.,The Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, CB2 0QH Cambridge, United Kingdom.,The Liaison Committee for Education, Research, and Innovation in Central Norway, Trondheim, Norway.,Wellcome Centre for Cell Biology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Medicine, Division of Medicine , University College London , 5 University Street , London WC1E 6JJ , U.K.,Department of Chemistry , National Taiwan University , 10617 Taipei , Taiwan R.O.C.,Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine.,Surface Oncology, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Jacobs University Bremen gGmbH, Bremen, Germany.,Department of Applied Life Science, Faculty of Biotechnology and Life Science, Sojo University, 4-22-1 Ikeda, Kumamoto 860-0082, Japan. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Division of Environmental & Biomolecular Systems, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR 97239; [e-mail] [e-mail] [e-mail].,The Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, NIAID, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, Maryland, 20852, USA. [e-mail].,Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan.,Division of Vaccine Discovery, La Jolla Institute for Allergy and Immunology, La Jolla, California 92037.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.,Research and Development, Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 13353 Berlin, Germany.,From the Laboratório Nacional de Biociências, Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brazil.,Center for Biophysics and Quantitative Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801.,Institute of Chemistry and Bioanalytics, University of Applied Sciences Northwestern Switzerland, Hofackerstrasses 30, 4132 Muttenz, Switzerland.,Key Laboratory of Combinatorial Biosynthesis and Drug Discovery (Wuhan University), Ministry of Education, Wuhan University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 185 Donghu Road., Wuhan, 430071, China.,Gene Center, Department of Biochemistry, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany.,Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Barcelona, Spain. [e-mail].,Department of Physiology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095; [e-mail] [e-mail].,Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Oncology-Pathology, Karolinska Institutet, S-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden. [e-mail] [e-mail].,Institute of Structural and Molecular Biology, Division of Biosciences, University College London, London, United Kingdom.,Cyrus Biotechnology, Seattle, WA, USA.,Medical Research Council Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, UK.,CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, China [e-mail] [e-mail].,Department of Biochemistry; University of Wisconsin-Madison; 440 Henry Mall; Madison, WI, 53706.,Molecular Physiology and Biophysics Section, Porter Neuroscience Research Center, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States.,Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, 3-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,VIB-VUB Center for Structural Biology, Pleinlaan 2, 1050, Brussels, Belgium.,CNRS, UMR 8576-UGSF- Unité de Glycobiologie Structurale et Fonctionnelle, Univ. Lille, 59000, Lille, France. [e-mail].,Department of Computer Science, Genome Center, University of California, Davis, CA 94520.,Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products & Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.,Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry, Göttingen, Germany.,Slovenian NMR Center , National Institute of Chemistry , Hajdrihova 19 , SI-1000 Ljubljana , Slovenia.,Departments of Pathology, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center.,Novartis Pharma AG, Institutes for BioMedical Research, Novartis Campus, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland.,Centre for Cancer Immunology, University of Southampton Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, United Kingdom.,Division of Biomedical Convergence, College of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea; Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: [e-mail].,The Medical Research Council Mitochondrial Biology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, CB2 0XY Cambridge, United Kingdom; [e-mail].,MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.,Shubnikov Institute of Crystallography, Federal Scientific Research Centre `Crystallography and Photonics' of Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky Prospekt 59, Moscow 119333, Russian Federation.,Department of Biochemistry, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Georg-Speyer-Haus, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,EN-FIST Center of Excellence , Trg OF 13 , SI-1000 Ljubljana , Slovenia.,Unité Dynamique Structurale des Macromolécules, Institut Pasteur, UMR 3528, CNRS, 75015 Paris, France; [e-mail].,Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science , Maria Diaz de Haro 3 , 48013 Bilbao , Spain.,Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, and Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Southwest Medical University, 646000, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.,Laboratoire de Spectrométrie de Masse BioOrganique, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC UMR 7178, Strasbourg, 67000, France.,RIKEN, Global Research Cluster, Wako-shi, Saitama, Japan.,German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Experimental Genetics, Genome Analysis Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany.,Departments of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Pharmaceutical Sciences, and Chemistry , University of California, Irvine , Irvine , California 92697-3900 , United States.,Chair for Molecular Cell Physiology & Endocrinology, Faculty of Biology, Technical University Dresden, 01062, Dresden, Germany.,IGMM, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, Montpellier, 34293, France.,Department of Biochemistry, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland.,the Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment, Shenzhen 518055, China.,Department of Radiotherapy (The M-Lab Group), GROW - School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Center for Computational Bioscience Research, Division of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia.,Vollum Institute, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, United States.,Unité Récepteurs-Canaux, Institut Pasteur, UMR 3571, CNRS, 75015 Paris, France.,the Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Cell Microenvironment and Disease Research, Shenzhen 518055, China, and.,Vertex, Milton, United Kingdom.,Department of Physiology , UT Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas , 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard , Dallas 75390 , Texas , United States.,Laboratory Animal Center, Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation.,the Laboratório Nacional de Nanotecnologia, Centro Nacional de Pesquisa em Energia e Materiais, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brazil.,Institute of Biotechnology, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania.,Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM), Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai 200025, China.,Science for Life Laboratory, Stockholm University, SE-171 21 Solna, Sweden.,Infection and Immunity Program, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3800, Australia; [e-mail].,Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic.,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510006 , P. R. China.,Molecular Biosensor and Imaging Center, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.,State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 132 Lanhei Road, Heilongtan, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, People's Republic of China. [e-mail].,Biomedical Manufacturing, CSIRO, 343 Royal Parade, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia.,York Structural Biology Laboratory, Department of Chemistry , University of York , York YO10 5DD , U.K.,School of Biomedical Sciences, Chung Shan Medical University, No.110, Sec.1, Chien-Kuo N. Rd., Taichung City, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, No.110, Sec.1, Chien-Kuo N. Rd, Taichung City, Taiwan. Electronic address: [e-mail].,SOLEIL Synchrotron, L'Orme de Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark.,From the Department of Biology and [e-mail].,Institute of Molecular Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 123182, Russia. Electronic address: [e-mail].,Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China.,Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, Oeiras, 2780-157, Portugal.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40536, USA.,University Medical Center Göttingen, Institute of Clinical Chemistry, Bioanalytics Group, Göttingen, Germany.,Department of Computer Science, University of California, Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, USA.,Center of Life Sciences , Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology , Skolkovo, Nobel str. 3 , 143026 Moscow , Russia.,The OCU Advanced Research Institute for Natural Science and Technology, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan.,School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanchang University, 330031, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China. [e-mail].

Macromolecules

Find similar proteins by: Sequence  |  Structure

Entity ID: 1
Molecule	Chains	Sequence Length	Organism	Details
Histone H3.2	M, S	136	Xenopus laevis	Mutation(s): 0
Find proteins for P84233 (Xenopus laevis) Go to UniProtKB:  P84233

Entity ID: 2
Molecule	Chains	Sequence Length	Organism	Details
Histone H2A type 1	Q, V	130	Xenopus laevis	Mutation(s): 0
Find proteins for P06897 (Xenopus laevis) Go to UniProtKB:  P06897

Entity ID: 5
Molecule	Chains	Sequence Length	Organism	Details
Histone H4	O, U	103	Xenopus laevis	Mutation(s): 0
Find proteins for P62799 (Xenopus laevis) Go to UniProtKB:  P62799

Entity ID: 6
Molecule	Chains	Sequence Length	Organism	Details
Histone H2B 1.1	R, W	123	Xenopus laevis	Mutation(s): 0
Find proteins for P02281 (Xenopus laevis) Go to UniProtKB:  P02281

Entity ID: 7
Molecule	Chains	Sequence Length	Organism	Details
DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit RPB1	A	1733	Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c)	Mutation(s): 0  Gene Names: RPO21 (RPB1, RPB220, SUA8) EC: 2.7.7.6
Find proteins for P04050 (Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c)) Go to UniProtKB:  P04050

Entity ID: 8
Molecule	Chains	Sequence Length	Organism	Details
DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit RPB2	B	1224	Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c)	Mutation(s): 0  Gene Names: RPB2 (RPB150, RPO22) EC: 2.7.7.6
Find proteins for P08518 (Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c)) Go to UniProtKB:  P08518

Entity ID: 9
Molecule	Chains	Sequence Length	Organism	Details
DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit RPB3	C	348	Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c)	Mutation(s): 0  Gene Names: RPB3
Find proteins for P16370 (Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c)) Go to UniProtKB:  P16370

Entity ID: 10
Molecule	Chains	Sequence Length	Organism	Details
DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit RPB4	D	221	Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c)	Mutation(s): 0  Gene Names: RPB4
Find proteins for P20433 (Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c)) Go to UniProtKB:  P20433

Entity ID: 11
Molecule	Chains	Sequence Length	Organism	Details
DNA-directed RNA polymerases I, II, and III subunit RPABC1	E	215	Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c)	Mutation(s): 0  Gene Names: RPB5 (RPA7, RPC9)
Find proteins for P20434 (Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c)) Go to UniProtKB:  P20434

Entity ID: 12
Molecule	Chains	Sequence Length	Organism	Details
DNA-directed RNA polymerases I, II, and III subunit RPABC2	F	155	Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c)	Mutation(s): 0  Gene Names: RPO26 (RPB6)
Find proteins for P20435 (Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c)) Go to UniProtKB:  P20435

Entity ID: 13
Molecule	Chains	Sequence Length	Organism	Details
DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit RPB7	G	171	Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c)	Mutation(s): 0  Gene Names: RPB7
Find proteins for P34087 (Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c)) Go to UniProtKB:  P34087

Entity ID: 14
Molecule	Chains	Sequence Length	Organism	Details
DNA-directed RNA polymerases I, II, and III subunit RPABC3	H	146	Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c)	Mutation(s): 0  Gene Names: RPB8
Find proteins for P20436 (Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c)) Go to UniProtKB:  P20436

Entity ID: 15
Molecule	Chains	Sequence Length	Organism	Details
DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit RPB9	I	122	Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c)	Mutation(s): 0  Gene Names: RPB9
Find proteins for P27999 (Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c)) Go to UniProtKB:  P27999

Entity ID: 16
Molecule	Chains	Sequence Length	Organism	Details
DNA-directed RNA polymerases I, II, and III subunit RPABC5	J	70	Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c)	Mutation(s): 0  Gene Names: RPB10
Find proteins for P22139 (Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c)) Go to UniProtKB:  P22139

Entity ID: 17
Molecule	Chains	Sequence Length	Organism	Details
DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit RPB11	K	120	Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c)	Mutation(s): 0  Gene Names: RPB11
Find proteins for P38902 (Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c)) Go to UniProtKB:  P38902

Entity ID: 18
Molecule	Chains	Sequence Length	Organism	Details
DNA-directed RNA polymerases I, II, and III subunit RPABC4	L	70	Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c)	Mutation(s): 0  Gene Names: RPC10 (RPB12)
Find proteins for P40422 (Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c)) Go to UniProtKB:  P40422

Entity ID: 3
Molecule	Chains	Length	Organism
DNA (170-MER)	T	169	synthetic construct

Entity ID: 4
Molecule	Chains	Length	Organism
DNA (158-MER)	N	160	synthetic construct

Entity ID: 19
Molecule	Chains	Length	Organism
RNA	P	10	synthetic construct

Small Molecules

Ligands 2 Unique
ID	Chains	Name / Formula / InChI Key	2D Diagram & Interactions
ZN	A, B, C, I, J, L	ZINC ION Zn PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N
MG	A	MAGNESIUM ION Mg JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Experimental Data & Validation

Experimental Data

• Method: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY
• Resolution: 4.4 Å
• Aggregation State: PARTICLE 
• Reconstruction Method: SINGLE PARTICLE 

Software Package:

Software Name	Purpose
PHENIX	refinement

Structure Validation

Entry History & Funding Information

Deposition Data

• Deposited Date: 2018-11-19 
• Released Date: 2019-01-02 
• Deposition Author(s): Farnung, L., Vos, S.M., Cramer, P.

---

Funding Organization	Location	Grant Number
European Research Council	Germany	Transregulon (693023)
European Molecular Biology Organization	Germany	ALTF-725-2014
German Research Foundation	Germany	SFB1064
German Research Foundation	Germany	SFB860

Revision History 

• Version 1.0: 2019-01-02
  Type: Initial release
• Version 1.1: 2019-08-21
  Type: Data collection, Experimental preparation