Primary Citation of Related Structures: 6GF6, 6GF7, 6GF8
PubMed Abstract:
Mammalian fertilisation begins when sperm interacts with the egg zona pellucida (ZP), whose ZP1 subunit is important for fertility by covalently cross-linking ZP filaments into a three-dimensional matrix. Like ZP4, a structurally-related component absent in the mouse, ZP1 is predicted to contain an N-terminal ZP-N domain of unknown function ...
Mammalian fertilisation begins when sperm interacts with the egg zona pellucida (ZP), whose ZP1 subunit is important for fertility by covalently cross-linking ZP filaments into a three-dimensional matrix. Like ZP4, a structurally-related component absent in the mouse, ZP1 is predicted to contain an N-terminal ZP-N domain of unknown function. Here we report a characterisation of ZP1 proteins carrying mutations from infertile patients, which suggests that, in human, filament cross-linking by ZP1 is crucial to form a stable ZP. We map the function of ZP1 to its ZP-N1 domain and determine crystal structures of ZP-N1 homodimers from a chicken homolog of ZP1. These reveal that ZP filament cross-linking is highly plastic and can be modulated by ZP1 fucosylation and, potentially, zinc sparks. Moreover, we show that ZP4 ZP-N1 forms non-covalent homodimers in chicken but not in human. Together, these data identify human ZP1 cross-links as a promising target for non-hormonal contraception.
Related Citations:
Mouse egg extracellular coat is a matrix of interconnected filaments possessing a structural repeat. Greve, J.M., Wassarman, P.M. (1985) J Mol Biol 181: 253
Abnormal zonae pellucidae in mice lacking ZP1 result in early embryonic loss. Rankin, T., Talbot, P., Lee, E., Dean, J. (1999) Development 126: 3847
Morphological and biochemical changes of isolated chicken egg-envelope during sperm penetration: degradation of the 97-kilodalton glycoprotein is involved in sperm-driven hole formation on the egg-envelope. Takeuchi, Y., Cho, R., Iwata, Y., Nishimura, K., Kato, T., Aoki, N., Kitajima, K., Matsuda, T. (2001) Biol Reprod 64: 822
A newly identified zona pellucida glycoprotein, ZPD, and dimeric ZP1 of chicken egg envelope are involved in sperm activation on sperm-egg interaction. Okumura, H., Kohno, Y., Iwata, Y., Mori, H., Aoki, N., Sato, C., Kitajima, K., Nadano, D., Matsuda, T. (2004) Biochem J 384: 191
Mutant ZP1 in familial infertility. Huang, H.L., Lv, C., Zhao, Y.C., Li, W., He, X.M., Li, P., Sha, A.G., Tian, X., Papasian, C.J., Deng, H.W., Lu, G.X., Xiao, H.M. (2014) N Engl J Med 370: 1220
Identification of distinctive interdomain interactions among ZP-N, ZP-C and other domains of zona pellucida glycoproteins underlying association of chicken egg-coat matrix. Okumura, H., Sato, T., Sakuma, R., Fukushima, H., Matsuda, T., Ujita, M. (2015) FEBS Open Bio 5: 454
Organizational Affiliation:
Department of Biosciences and Nutrition and Center for Innovative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, SE-141 83, Sweden. luca.jovine@ki.se.
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