6BN0

Avirulence protein 4 (Avr4) from Cladosporium fulvum bound to the hexasaccharide of chitin


Experimental Data Snapshot

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 1.95 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.214 
  • R-Value Work: 0.168 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.170 

wwPDB Validation   3D Report Full Report


This is version 2.1 of the entry. See complete history


Literature

Structure of the Cladosporium fulvum Avr4 effector in complex with (GlcNAc)6 reveals the ligand-binding mechanism and uncouples its intrinsic function from recognition by the Cf-4 resistance protein.

Hurlburt, N.K.Chen, L.H.Stergiopoulos, I.Fisher, A.J.

(2018) PLoS Pathog 14: e1007263-e1007263

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1007263
  • Primary Citation of Related Structures:  
    6BN0

  • PubMed Abstract: 

    Effectors are microbial-derived secreted proteins with an essential function in modulating host immunity during infections. CfAvr4, an effector protein from the tomato pathogen Cladosporium fulvum and the founding member of a fungal effector family, promotes parasitism through binding fungal chitin and protecting it from chitinases. Binding of Avr4 to chitin is mediated by a carbohydrate-binding module of family 14 (CBM14), an abundant CBM across all domains of life. To date, the structural basis of chitin-binding by Avr4 effector proteins and of recognition by the cognate Cf-4 plant immune receptor are still poorly understood. Using X-ray crystallography, we solved the crystal structure of CfAvr4 in complex with chitohexaose [(GlcNAc)6] at 1.95Å resolution. This is the first co-crystal structure of a CBM14 protein together with its ligand that further reveals the molecular mechanism of (GlcNAc)6 binding by Avr4 effector proteins and CBM14 family members in general. The structure showed that two molecules of CfAvr4 interact through the ligand and form a three-dimensional molecular sandwich that encapsulates two (GlcNAc)6 molecules within the dimeric assembly. Contrary to previous assumptions made with other CBM14 members, the chitohexaose-binding domain (ChBD) extends to the entire length of CfAvr4 with the reducing end of (GlcNAc)6 positioned near the N-terminus and the non-reducing end at the C-terminus. Site-directed mutagenesis of residues interacting with (GlcNAc)6 enabled the elucidation of the precise topography and amino acid composition of Avr4's ChBD and further showed that these residues do not individually mediate the recognition of CfAvr4 by the Cf-4 immune receptor. Instead, the studies highlighted the dependency of Cf-4-mediated recognition on CfAvr4's stability and resistance against proteolysis in the leaf apoplast, and provided the evidence for structurally separating intrinsic function from immune receptor recognition in this effector family.


  • Organizational Affiliation

    Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, Davis, California, United States of America.


Macromolecules
Find similar proteins by:  (by identity cutoff)  |  3D Structure
Entity ID: 1
MoleculeChains Sequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
Race-specific elicitor A4
A, B, C, D
79Fulvia fulvaMutation(s): 0 
Gene Names: AVR4
UniProt
Find proteins for Q00363 (Passalora fulva)
Explore Q00363 
Go to UniProtKB:  Q00363
Entity Groups  
Sequence Clusters30% Identity50% Identity70% Identity90% Identity95% Identity100% Identity
UniProt GroupQ00363
Sequence Annotations
Expand
  • Reference Sequence
Oligosaccharides

Help

Entity ID: 2
MoleculeChains Length2D Diagram Glycosylation3D Interactions
2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose-(1-4)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose-(1-4)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose-(1-4)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose-(1-4)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose-(1-4)-2-acetamido-2-deoxy-beta-D-glucopyranose
E, F, G, H
6N/A
Glycosylation Resources
GlyTouCan:  G36414FS
GlyCosmos:  G36414FS
GlyGen:  G36414FS
Experimental Data & Validation

Experimental Data

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 1.95 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.214 
  • R-Value Work: 0.168 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.170 
  • Space Group: P 1 21 1
Unit Cell:
Length ( Å )Angle ( ˚ )
a = 39.864α = 90
b = 41.081β = 97.87
c = 121.365γ = 90
Software Package:
Software NamePurpose
XDSdata reduction
PHENIXrefinement
PDB_EXTRACTdata extraction
Aimlessdata scaling
PHASERphasing

Structure Validation

View Full Validation Report



Entry History & Funding Information

Deposition Data


Funding OrganizationLocationGrant Number
National Institutes of Health/National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIH/NIGMS)United StatesT32 GM007377

Revision History  (Full details and data files)

  • Version 1.0: 2018-08-22
    Type: Initial release
  • Version 1.1: 2018-09-26
    Changes: Data collection, Database references
  • Version 1.2: 2020-01-01
    Changes: Author supporting evidence
  • Version 2.0: 2020-07-29
    Type: Remediation
    Reason: Carbohydrate remediation
    Changes: Atomic model, Data collection, Derived calculations, Structure summary
  • Version 2.1: 2023-10-04
    Changes: Data collection, Database references, Refinement description, Structure summary