Synapse formation is triggered by trans-synaptic interactions of cell adhesion molecules, termed synaptic organizers. Three members of type-II receptor protein tyrosine phosphatases (classified as type-IIa RPTPs; PTPδ, PTPσ and LAR) are known as pres ...
Synapse formation is triggered by trans-synaptic interactions of cell adhesion molecules, termed synaptic organizers. Three members of type-II receptor protein tyrosine phosphatases (classified as type-IIa RPTPs; PTPδ, PTPσ and LAR) are known as presynaptic organizers. Synaptic adhesion-like molecules (SALMs) have recently emerged as a family of postsynaptic organizers. Although all five SALM isoforms can bind to the type-IIa RPTPs, only SALM3 and SALM5 reportedly have synaptogenic activities depending on their binding. Here, we report the crystal structures of apo-SALM5, and PTPδ-SALM2 and PTPδ-SALM5 complexes. The leucine-rich repeat (LRR) domains of SALMs interact with the second immunoglobulin-like (Ig) domain of PTPδ, whereas the Ig domains of SALMs interact with both the second and third Ig domains of PTPδ. Unexpectedly, the structures exhibit the LRR-mediated 2:2 complex. Our synaptogenic co-culture assay using site-directed SALM5 mutants demonstrates that presynaptic differentiation induced by PTPδ-SALM5 requires the dimeric property of SALM5.
Organizational Affiliation:
Department of Medical Genome Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba, 277-8501, Japan.,Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0032, Japan.,Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Nagano, 390-8621, Japan.,Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan. toyoshid@med.u-toyama.ac.jp.,Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan.,Department of Biological Sciences for Intractable Neurological Diseases, Institute for Biomedical Sciences, Interdisciplinary Cluster for Cutting Edge Research, Shinshu University, Nagano, 390-8621, Japan.,CREST, JST, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan.,Department of Medical Genome Sciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba, 277-8501, Japan. fukai@iam.u-tokyo.ac.jp.,PRESTO, JST, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan. toyoshid@med.u-toyama.ac.jp.,Synchrotron Radiation Research Organization, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0032, Japan.,Synchrotron Radiation Research Organization, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0032, Japan. fukai@iam.u-tokyo.ac.jp.,Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0032, Japan. fukai@iam.u-tokyo.ac.jp.,CREST, JST, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan. fukai@iam.u-tokyo.ac.jp.
Download Mendeley
Download Endnote
