5W6J

Agrobacterium tumefaciens ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase

Experimental Data Snapshot

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 1.78 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.229 
  • R-Value Work: 0.200 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.202 

wwPDB Validation   3D Report Full Report


This is version 1.3 of the entry. See complete history. 


Literature

Structural analysis reveals a pyruvate-binding activator site in theAgrobacterium tumefaciensADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase.

Hill, B.L., Mascarenhas, R., Patel, H.P., Asencion Diez, M.D., Wu, R., Iglesias, A.A., Liu, D., Ballicora, M.A.

(2019) J Biol Chem 294: 1338-1348

  • DOI: 10.1074/jbc.RA118.004246
  • Primary Citation of Related Structures:  
    5W5R, 5W5T, 5W6J

  • PubMed Abstract: 

    • The pathways for biosynthesis of glycogen in bacteria and starch in plants are evolutionarily and biochemically related. They are regulated primarily by ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase, which evolved to satisfy metabolic requirements of a particular organism ...

    The pathways for biosynthesis of glycogen in bacteria and starch in plants are evolutionarily and biochemically related. They are regulated primarily by ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase, which evolved to satisfy metabolic requirements of a particular organism. Despite the importance of these two pathways, little is known about the mechanism that controls pyrophosphorylase activity or the location of its allosteric sites. Here, we report pyruvate-bound crystal structures of ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase from the bacterium Agrobacterium tumefaciens , identifying a previously elusive activator site for the enzyme. We found that the tetrameric enzyme binds two molecules of pyruvate in a planar conformation. Each binding site is located in a crevice between the C-terminal domains of two subunits where they stack via a distinct β-helix region. Pyruvate interacts with the side chain of Lys-43 and with the peptide backbone of Ser-328 and Gly-329 from both subunits. These structural insights led to the design of two variants with altered regulatory properties. In one variant (K43A), the allosteric effect was absent, whereas in the other (G329D), the introduced Asp mimicked the presence of pyruvate. The latter generated an enzyme that was preactivated and insensitive to further activation by pyruvate. Our study furnishes a deeper understanding of how glycogen biosynthesis is regulated in bacteria and the mechanism by which transgenic plants increased their starch production. These insights will facilitate rational approaches to enzyme engineering for starch production in crops of agricultural interest and will promote further study of allosteric signal transmission and molecular evolution in this important enzyme family.

    Organizational Affiliation: 

    Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60660. Electronic address: mballic@luc.edu.



Macromolecules
Find similar proteins by: 
(by identity cutoff)  |  3D Structure
Entity ID: 1
MoleculeChainsSequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
Glucose-1-phosphate adenylyltransferase
A,
B,
C,
D,
E,
420Agrobacterium tumefaciensMutation(s): 0 
Gene Names: glgC
EC: 2.7.7.27
UniProt
Find proteins for P39669 (Rhizobium radiobacter)
Explore P39669 
Go to UniProtKB:  P39669
Entity Groups  
Sequence Clusters30% Identity50% Identity70% Identity90% Identity95% Identity100% Identity
UniProt GroupP39669
Protein Feature View
Expand
  • Reference Sequence
Small Molecules
Ligands 1 Unique
IDChainsName / Formula / InChI Key2D Diagram3D Interactions
SO4
Query on SO4
Download Ideal Coordinates CCD File 
AA [auth D],
AB [auth F],
BA [auth D],
BB [auth G],
CA [auth E],
AA [auth D],
AB [auth F],
BA [auth D],
BB [auth G],
CA [auth E],
CB [auth G],
DA [auth E],
DB [auth M],
EA [auth E],
EB [auth M],
FA [auth H],
FB [auth T],
GA [auth H],
GB [auth T],
HA [auth I],
HB [auth T],
IA [auth I],
IB [auth U],
JA [auth J],
JB [auth U],
KA [auth J],
LA [auth K],
MA [auth K],
NA [auth L],
OA [auth L],
PA [auth N],
QA [auth N],
RA [auth O],
SA [auth O],
TA [auth P],
U [auth A],
UA [auth P],
V [auth A],
VA [auth Q],
W [auth B],
WA [auth Q],
X [auth B],
XA [auth R],
Y [auth C],
YA [auth R],
Z [auth C],
ZA [auth F]
SULFATE ION
O4 S
QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L		 Ligand Interaction
Experimental Data & Validation

Experimental Data

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 1.78 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.229 
  • R-Value Work: 0.200 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.202 
  • Space Group: P 1
Unit Cell:
Length ( Å )Angle ( ˚ )
a = 93.439α = 72.04
b = 140.685β = 78.19
c = 228.49γ = 89.98
Software Package:
Software NamePurpose
PHENIXrefinement
HKL-3000data scaling
PDB_EXTRACTdata extraction
HKL-3000data reduction
PHASERphasing

Structure Validation

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Entry History & Funding Information

Deposition Data

Funding OrganizationLocationGrant Number
National Science Foundation (NSF, United States)United StatesMCB1616851

Revision History  (Full details and data files)

  • Version 1.0: 2018-11-14
    Type: Initial release
  • Version 1.1: 2018-11-21
    Changes: Data collection, Database references
  • Version 1.2: 2019-02-20
    Changes: Author supporting evidence, Data collection
  • Version 1.3: 2019-11-27
    Changes: Author supporting evidence, Database references