Funding Organization(s): National Institutes of Health/National Institute of General Medical Sciences (NIH/NIGMS); National Institutes of Health/National Cancer Institute (NIH/NCI)
Antiretroviral therapy for HIV-1 infection/AIDS has significantly extended the life expectancy of HIV-1-infected individuals and reduced HIV-1 transmission at very high rates. However, certain individuals who initially achieve viral suppression to un ...
Antiretroviral therapy for HIV-1 infection/AIDS has significantly extended the life expectancy of HIV-1-infected individuals and reduced HIV-1 transmission at very high rates. However, certain individuals who initially achieve viral suppression to undetectable levels may eventually suffer treatment failure mainly due to adverse effects and the emergence of drug-resistant HIV-1 variants. Here, we report GRL-142, a novel HIV-1 protease inhibitor containing an unprecedented 6-5-5-ring-fused crown-like tetrahydropyranofuran, which has extremely potent activity against all HIV-1 strains examined with IC 50 values of attomolar-to-picomolar concentrations, virtually no effects on cellular growth, extremely high genetic barrier against the emergence of drug-resistant variants, and favorable intracellular and central nervous system penetration. GRL-142 forms optimum polar, van der Waals, and halogen bond interactions with HIV-1 protease and strongly blocks protease dimerization, demonstrating that combined multiple optimizing elements significantly enhance molecular and atomic interactions with a target protein and generate unprecedentedly potent and practically favorable agents.
Organizational Affiliation:
National Center for Global Health and Medicine Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Environmental and Molecular Health Sciences, Faculty of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, United States.,Department of Hematology, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan.,Department of Pharmacy, Kumamoto University Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan.,Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, United States.,Experimental Retrovirology Section, HIV and AIDS Malignancy Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan.,Innovative Collaboration Organization, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.,Retroviral Disease Section, HIV and AIDS Malignancy Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, United States.,Department of Medical Technology, Kumamoto Health Science University, Kumamoto, Japan.,Protein Crystal Analysis Division, Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, Hyogo, Japan.,Bioanalysis Group, Drug Metabolism and Analysis Department, Nonclinical Research Center, Drug Development Service Segment, LSI Medience Corporation, Tokyo, Japan.,Department of Rheumatology, Kumamoto University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto, Japan.
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