Biological Assembly 1  

 3D View: Structure | 1D-3D View | Electron Density | Validation Report

Global Symmetry: Cyclic - C2  (3D View)
Global Stoichiometry: Hetero 4-mer - A2B2 

Biological assembly 1 assigned by authors and generated by PISA (software)

Macromolecule Content

• Total Structure Weight: 5.83 kDa 
• Atom Count: 476 
• Modelled Residue Count: 51 
• Deposited Residue Count: 51 
• Unique protein chains: 2

5HQI

Insulin with proline analog HzP at position B28 in the T2 state

• PDB DOI: 10.2210/pdb5HQI/pdb

• Classification: HORMONE
• Organism(s): Homo sapiens
• Expression System: Escherichia coli
• Mutation(s): No 


• Deposited: 2016-01-21 Released: 2017-01-25 
• Deposition Author(s): Lieblich, S.A., Fang, K.Y., Cahn, J.K.B., Tirrell, D.A.
• Funding Organization(s): Novo Nordisk Foundation

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Experimental Data Snapshot

• Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
• Resolution: 0.97 Å
• R-Value Free: 0.158 
• R-Value Work: 0.139 
• R-Value Observed: 0.140 

Literature

4S-Hydroxylation of Insulin at ProB28 Accelerates Hexamer Dissociation and Delays Fibrillation.

Lieblich, S.A., Fang, K.Y., Cahn, J.K.B., Rawson, J., LeBon, J., Ku, H.T., Tirrell, D.A.

(2017) J Am Chem Soc 139: 8384-8387

• PubMed: 28598606 
• DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b00794
• Primary Citation of Related Structures:  
  5HPR, 5HPU, 5HQI, 5HRQ


• PubMed Abstract: 
  

Daily injections of insulin provide lifesaving benefits to millions of diabetics. But currently available prandial insulins are suboptimal: The onset of action is delayed by slow dissociation of the insulin hexamer in the subcutaneous space, and insulin forms amyloid fibrils upon storage in solution. Here we show, through the use of noncanonical amino acid mutagenesis, that replacement of the proline residue at position 28 of the insulin B-chain (ProB28) by (4S)-hydroxyproline (Hzp) yields an active form of insulin that dissociates more rapidly, and fibrillates more slowly, than the wild-type protein. Crystal structures of dimeric and hexameric insulin preparations suggest that a hydrogen bond between the hydroxyl group of Hzp and a backbone amide carbonyl positioned across the dimer interface may be responsible for the altered behavior. The effects of hydroxylation are stereospecific; replacement of ProB28 by (4R)-hydroxyproline (Hyp) causes little change in the rates of fibrillation and hexamer disassociation. These results demonstrate a new approach that fuses the concepts of medicinal chemistry and protein design, and paves the way to further engineering of insulin and other therapeutic proteins.

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Organizational Affiliation: 

Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, California 91125, United States.

Macromolecules

Entity ID: 1
Molecule	Chains	Sequence Length	Organism	Details	Image
Insulin A-Chain	A	21	Homo sapiens	Mutation(s): 0  Gene Names: INS
UniProt & NIH Common Fund Data Resources
Find proteins for P01308 (Homo sapiens) Explore P01308  Go to UniProtKB:  P01308
PHAROS:  P01308

Entity ID: 2
Molecule	Chains	Sequence Length	Organism	Details	Image
Insulin B-Chain	B	30	Homo sapiens	Mutation(s): 0  Gene Names: INS
UniProt & NIH Common Fund Data Resources
Find proteins for P01308 (Homo sapiens) Explore P01308  Go to UniProtKB:  P01308
PHAROS:  P01308

Small Molecules

Modified Residues  1 Unique
ID	Chains	Type	Formula	2D Diagram	Parent
HZP	B	L-PEPTIDE LINKING	C5 H9 N O3		PRO

Experimental Data & Validation

Experimental Data

• Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
• Resolution: 0.97 Å
• R-Value Free: 0.158 
• R-Value Work: 0.139 
• R-Value Observed: 0.140 
• Space Group: I 2₁ 3

Unit Cell:

Length ( Å )	Angle ( ˚ )
a = 78.234	α = 90
b = 78.234	β = 90
c = 78.234	γ = 90

Software Package:

Software Name	Purpose
REFMAC	refinement
Aimless	data scaling
PDB_EXTRACT	data extraction
PHASER	phasing

Structure Validation

Entry History & Funding Information

Deposition Data

• Deposited Date: 2016-01-21 
• Released Date: 2017-01-25 
Deposition Author(s): Lieblich, S.A., Fang, K.Y., Cahn, J.K.B., Tirrell, D.A.

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Funding Organization	Location	Grant Number
Novo Nordisk Foundation	Denmark	--

Revision History  

• Version 1.0: 2017-01-25
  Type: Initial release
  
• Version 1.1: 2017-07-12
  Changes: Database references
• Version 1.2: 2020-01-15
  Changes: Author supporting evidence