Biological Assembly 1  

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Global Symmetry: Cyclic - C2  (3D View)
Global Stoichiometry: Hetero 4-mer - A2B2 

Biological assembly 1 assigned by authors and generated by PISA (software)

Macromolecule Content

• Total Structure Weight: 5833.65 
• Atom Count: 414 
• Residue Count: 51 
• Unique protein chains: 2

5HQI

Insulin with proline analog HzP at position B28 in the T2 state

• DOI: 10.2210/pdb5HQI/pdb

• Classification: HORMONE
• Organism(s): Homo sapiens
• Expression System: Escherichia coli


• Deposited: 2016-01-21 Released: 2017-01-25 
• Deposition Author(s): Lieblich, S.A., Fang, K.Y., Cahn, J.K.B., Tirrell, D.A.
• Funding Organization(s): Novo Nordisk 

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Experimental Data Snapshot

• Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
• Resolution: 0.97 Å
• R-Value Free: 0.158 
• R-Value Work: 0.139 

Literature

4S-Hydroxylation of Insulin at ProB28 Accelerates Hexamer Dissociation and Delays Fibrillation.

Lieblich, S.A., Fang, K.Y., Cahn, J.K.B., Rawson, J., LeBon, J., Ku, H.T., Tirrell, D.A.

(2017) J. Am. Chem. Soc. 139: 8384-8387

• PubMed: 28598606 
• DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b00794
• Primary Citation of Related Structures:  
  5HRQ, 5HPU, 5HPR


• PubMed Abstract: 
  

Daily injections of insulin provide lifesaving benefits to millions of diabetics. But currently available prandial insulins are suboptimal: The onset of action is delayed by slow dissociation of the insulin hexamer in the subcutaneous space, and insulin forms amyloid fibrils upon storage in solution. Here we show, through the use of noncanonical amino acid mutagenesis, that replacement of the proline residue at position 28 of the insulin B-chain (ProB28) by (4S)-hydroxyproline (Hzp) yields an active form of insulin that dissociates more rapidly, and fibrillates more slowly, than the wild-type protein. Crystal structures of dimeric and hexameric insulin preparations suggest that a hydrogen bond between the hydroxyl group of Hzp and a backbone amide carbonyl positioned across the dimer interface may be responsible for the altered behavior. The effects of hydroxylation are stereospecific; replacement of ProB28 by (4R)-hydroxyproline (Hyp) causes little change in the rates of fibrillation and hexamer disassociation. These results demonstrate a new approach that fuses the concepts of medicinal chemistry and protein design, and paves the way to further engineering of insulin and other therapeutic proteins.

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Organizational Affiliation: 

Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, California 91125, United States.

Macromolecules

Find similar proteins by: Sequence  |  Structure

Entity ID: 1
Molecule	Chains	Sequence Length	Organism	Details
Insulin A-Chain	A	21	Homo sapiens	Mutation(s): 0  Gene Names: INS
Find proteins for P01308 (Homo sapiens) Go to Gene View: INS Go to UniProtKB:  P01308

Entity ID: 2
Molecule	Chains	Sequence Length	Organism	Details
Insulin B-Chain	B	30	Homo sapiens	Mutation(s): 0  Gene Names: INS
Find proteins for P01308 (Homo sapiens) Go to Gene View: INS Go to UniProtKB:  P01308

Small Molecules

Modified Residues  1 Unique
ID	Chains	Type	Formula	2D Diagram	Parent
HZP	B	L-peptide linking	C5 H9 N O3		PRO

Experimental Data & Validation

Experimental Data

• Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
• Resolution: 0.97 Å
• R-Value Free: 0.158 
• R-Value Work: 0.139 
• Space Group: I 2₁ 3

Unit Cell:

Length (Å)	Angle (°)
a = 78.234	α = 90.00
b = 78.234	β = 90.00
c = 78.234	γ = 90.00

Software Package:

Software Name	Purpose
PDB_EXTRACT	data extraction
PHASER	phasing
REFMAC	refinement
Aimless	data scaling

Structure Validation

Entry History & Funding Information

Deposition Data

• Deposited Date: 2016-01-21 
• Released Date: 2017-01-25 
• Deposition Author(s): Lieblich, S.A., Fang, K.Y., Cahn, J.K.B., Tirrell, D.A.

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Funding Organization	Location	Grant Number
Novo Nordisk	Denmark	--

Revision History 

• Version 1.0: 2017-01-25
  Type: Initial release
• Version 1.1: 2017-07-12
  Type: Database references