4YFX

Escherichia coli RNA polymerase in complex with Myxopyronin B

Experimental Data Snapshot

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 3.84 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.300 
  • R-Value Work: 0.236 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.237 

wwPDB Validation   3D Report Full Report


This is version 1.2 of the entry. See complete history. 


Literature

X-ray Crystal Structures of Escherichia coli RNA Polymerase with Switch Region Binding Inhibitors Enable Rational Design of Squaramides with an Improved Fraction Unbound to Human Plasma Protein.

Molodtsov, V., Fleming, P.R., Eyermann, C.J., Ferguson, A.D., Foulk, M.A., McKinney, D.C., Masse, C.E., Buurman, E.T., Murakami, K.S.

(2015) J Med Chem 58: 3156-3171

  • DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b00050
  • Primary Citation of Related Structures:  
    4YFX, 4YFK, 4YFN

  • PubMed Abstract: 

    • Squaramides constitute a novel class of RNA polymerase inhibitors of which genetic evidence and computational modeling previously have suggested an inhibitory mechanism mediated by binding to the RNA polymerase switch region. An iterative chemistry p ...

    Squaramides constitute a novel class of RNA polymerase inhibitors of which genetic evidence and computational modeling previously have suggested an inhibitory mechanism mediated by binding to the RNA polymerase switch region. An iterative chemistry program increased the fraction unbound to human plasma protein from below minimum detection levels, i.e., <1% to 4-6%, while retaining biochemical potency. Since in vitro antimicrobial activity against an efflux-negative strain of Haemophilus influenzae was 4- to 8-fold higher, the combined improvement was at least 20- to 60-fold. Cocrystal structures of Escherichia coli RNA polymerase with two key squaramides showed displacement of the switch 2, predicted to interfere with the conformational change of the clamp domain and/or with binding of template DNA, a mechanism akin to that of natural product myxopyronin. Furthermore, the structures confirmed the chemical features required for biochemical potency. The terminal isoxazole and benzyl rings bind into distinct relatively narrow, hydrophobic pockets, and both are required for biochemical potency. In contrast, the linker composed of squarate and piperidine accesses different conformations in their respective cocrystal structures with RNA polymerase, reflecting its main role of proper orientation of the aforementioned terminal rings. These observations further explain the tolerance of hydrophilic substitutions in the linker region that was exploited to improve the fraction unbound to human plasma protein while retaining biochemical potency.

    Organizational Affiliation: 

    †Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Center for RNA Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States.



Macromolecules
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Entity ID: 1
MoleculeChainsSequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit alphaA, B, G, H329Escherichia coli O139:H28 str. E24377AMutation(s): 0 
Gene Names: rpoA, EcE24377A_3778
EC: 2.7.7.6
Find proteins for A7ZSI4 (Escherichia coli O139:H28 (strain E24377A / ETEC))
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  • Reference Sequence
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Entity ID: 2
MoleculeChainsSequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit betaC, I1342Escherichia coli O139:H28 str. E24377AMutation(s): 0 
Gene Names: rpoB, EcE24377A_4528
EC: 2.7.7.6
Find proteins for A7ZUK1 (Escherichia coli O139:H28 (strain E24377A / ETEC))
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Entity ID: 3
MoleculeChainsSequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit beta'D, J1407Escherichia coli O139:H28 str. E24377AMutation(s): 0 
Gene Names: rpoC, EcE24377A_4529
EC: 2.7.7.6
Find proteins for A7ZUK2 (Escherichia coli O139:H28 (strain E24377A / ETEC))
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Entity ID: 4
MoleculeChainsSequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
DNA-directed RNA polymerase subunit omegaE, K91Escherichia coli O139:H28 str. E24377AMutation(s): 0 
Gene Names: rpoZ, EcE24377A_4152
EC: 2.7.7.6
Find proteins for A7ZTK1 (Escherichia coli O139:H28 (strain E24377A / ETEC))
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Entity ID: 5
MoleculeChainsSequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
RNA polymerase sigma factor RpoDF, L613Escherichia coli K-12Mutation(s): 0 
Gene Names: rpoD, alt, b3067, JW3039
Find proteins for P00579 (Escherichia coli (strain K12))
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  • Reference Sequence
Experimental Data & Validation

Experimental Data

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 3.84 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.300 
  • R-Value Work: 0.236 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.237 
  • Space Group: P 21 21 21
Unit Cell:
Length ( Å )Angle ( ˚ )
a = 188.52α = 90
b = 205.177β = 90
c = 310.14γ = 90
Software Package:
Software NamePurpose
PHENIXrefinement
HKL-2000data reduction
HKL-2000data scaling
PHASERphasing
Cootmodel building

Structure Validation

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Entry History 

Deposition Data

Revision History 

  • Version 1.0: 2015-03-11
    Type: Initial release
  • Version 1.1: 2015-04-08
    Changes: Database references, Non-polymer description
  • Version 1.2: 2015-04-22
    Changes: Database references