4IUM

Equine arteritis virus papain-like protease 2 (PLP2) covalently bound to ubiquitin

Experimental Data Snapshot

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 1.45 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.178 
  • R-Value Work: 0.160 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.161 

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Literature

Deubiquitinase function of arterivirus papain-like protease 2 suppresses the innate immune response in infected host cells.

van Kasteren, P.B., Bailey-Elkin, B.A., James, T.W., Ninaber, D.K., Beugeling, C., Khajehpour, M., Snijder, E.J., Mark, B.L., Kikkert, M.

(2013) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 110: E838-E847

  • DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1218464110
  • Primary Citation of Related Structures:  
    4IUM

  • PubMed Abstract: 

    • Protein ubiquitination regulates important innate immune responses. The discovery of viruses encoding deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) suggests they remove ubiquitin to evade ubiquitin-dependent antiviral responses; however, this has never been conclu ...

    Protein ubiquitination regulates important innate immune responses. The discovery of viruses encoding deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) suggests they remove ubiquitin to evade ubiquitin-dependent antiviral responses; however, this has never been conclusively demonstrated in virus-infected cells. Arteriviruses are economically important positive-stranded RNA viruses that encode an ovarian tumor (OTU) domain DUB known as papain-like protease 2 (PLP2). This enzyme is essential for arterivirus replication by cleaving a site within the viral replicase polyproteins and also removes ubiquitin from cellular proteins. To dissect this dual specificity, which relies on a single catalytic site, we determined the crystal structure of equine arteritis virus PLP2 in complex with ubiquitin (1.45 Å). PLP2 binds ubiquitin using a zinc finger that is uniquely integrated into an exceptionally compact OTU-domain fold that represents a new subclass of zinc-dependent OTU DUBs. Notably, the ubiquitin-binding surface is distant from the catalytic site, which allowed us to mutate this surface to significantly reduce DUB activity without affecting polyprotein cleavage. Viruses harboring such mutations exhibited WT replication kinetics, confirming that PLP2-mediated polyprotein cleavage was intact, but the loss of DUB activity strikingly enhanced innate immune signaling. Compared with WT virus infection, IFN-β mRNA levels in equine cells infected with PLP2 mutants were increased by nearly an order of magnitude. Our findings not only establish PLP2 DUB activity as a critical factor in arteriviral innate immune evasion, but the selective inactivation of DUB activity also opens unique possibilities for developing improved live attenuated vaccines against arteriviruses and other viruses encoding similar dual-specificity proteases.

    Organizational Affiliation: 

    Molecular Virology Laboratory, Department of Medical Microbiology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA, Leiden, The Netherlands.



Macromolecules
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Entity ID: 1
MoleculeChainsSequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
papain-like protease 2A142Equine arteritis virusMutation(s): 0 
Gene Names: rep, 1a-1b
EC: 3.4.22 (PDB Primary Data), 3.4.19.12 (UniProt), 3.4.21 (UniProt), 2.7.7.48 (UniProt), 3.6.4.12 (UniProt), 3.6.4.13 (UniProt)
Find proteins for P19811 (Equine arteritis virus (strain Bucyrus))
Explore P19811 
Go to UniProtKB:  P19811
Protein Feature View
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  • Reference Sequence
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(by identity cutoff)  |  Structure
Entity ID: 2
MoleculeChainsSequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
UbiquitinB76Homo sapiensMutation(s): 0 
Gene Names: UBC
Find proteins for P0CG48 (Homo sapiens)
Explore P0CG48 
Go to UniProtKB:  P0CG48
NIH Common Fund Data Resources
PHAROS  P0CG48
Protein Feature View
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  • Reference Sequence
Small Molecules
Ligands 2 Unique
IDChainsName / Formula / InChI Key2D Diagram3D Interactions
GOL
Query on GOL
Download CCD File 
A, B
GLYCEROL
C3 H8 O3
PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N		 Ligand Interaction
ZN
Query on ZN
Download CCD File 
A
ZINC ION
Zn
PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N		 Ligand Interaction
Experimental Data & Validation

Experimental Data

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 1.45 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.178 
  • R-Value Work: 0.160 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.161 
  • Space Group: P 21 21 21
Unit Cell:
Length ( Å )Angle ( ˚ )
a = 38.32α = 90
b = 62.04β = 90
c = 84.22γ = 90
Software Package:
Software NamePurpose
MxDCdata collection
PHENIXmodel building
PHENIXrefinement
MOSFLMdata reduction
SCALAdata scaling
PHENIXphasing

Structure Validation

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Entry History 

Deposition Data

Revision History 

  • Version 1.0: 2013-02-13
    Type: Initial release
  • Version 1.1: 2013-02-27
    Changes: Database references
  • Version 1.2: 2013-03-20
    Changes: Database references, Structure summary