4FGY

Identification of a unique PPAR ligand with an unexpected binding mode and antibetic activity


Experimental Data Snapshot

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 2.84 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.285 
  • R-Value Work: 0.219 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.222 

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Ligand Structure Quality Assessment 


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Literature

Identification of the antibiotic ionomycin as an unexpected peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor Gamma (PPAR-gamma) ligand with a unique binding mode and effective glucose-lowering activity in a mouse model of diabetes.

Zheng, W.Feng, X.Qiu, L.Pan, Z.Wang, R.Lin, S.Hou, D.Jin, L.Li, Y.

(2013) Diabetologia 56: 401-411

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-012-2777-9
  • Primary Citation of Related Structures:  
    4FGY

  • PubMed Abstract: 

    Existing thiazolidinedione (TZD) drugs for diabetes have severe side effects. The aim of this study is to develop alternative peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) ligands that retain the benefits in improving insulin resistance but with reduced side effects. We used AlphaScreen assay to screen for new PPARγ ligands from compound libraries. In vitro biochemical binding affinity assay and in vivo cell-based reporter assay were used to validate ionomycin as a partial ligand of PPARγ. A mouse model of diabetes was used to assess the effects of ionomycin in improving insulin sensitivity. Crystal structure of PPARγ complexed with ionomycin revealed the unique binding mode of ionomycin, which elucidated the molecular mechanisms allowing the discrimination of ionomycin from TZDs. We found that the antibiotic ionomycin is a novel modulating ligand for PPARγ. Both the transactivation and binding activity of PPARγ by ionomycin can be blocked by PPARγ specific antagonist GW9662. Ionomycin interacts with the PPARγ ligand-binding domain in a unique binding mode with properties and epitopes distinct from those of TZD drugs. Ionomycin treatment effectively improved hyperglycaemia and insulin resistance, but had reduced side effects compared with TZDs in the mouse model of diabetes. In addition, ionomycin effectively blocked the phosphorylation of PPARγ at Ser273 by cyclin-dependent kinase 5 both in vitro and in vivo. Our studies suggest that ionomycin may represent a unique template for designing novel PPARγ ligands with advantages over current TZD drugs.


  • Organizational Affiliation

    State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Fujian, China.


Macromolecules
Find similar proteins by:  (by identity cutoff)  |  3D Structure
Entity ID: 1
MoleculeChains Sequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma270Homo sapiensMutation(s): 0 
Gene Names: NR1C3PPARG
UniProt & NIH Common Fund Data Resources
Find proteins for P37231 (Homo sapiens)
Explore P37231 
Go to UniProtKB:  P37231
PHAROS:  P37231
GTEx:  ENSG00000132170 
Entity Groups  
Sequence Clusters30% Identity50% Identity70% Identity90% Identity95% Identity100% Identity
UniProt GroupP37231
Sequence Annotations
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  • Reference Sequence

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Entity ID: 2
MoleculeChains Sequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
Nuclear receptor coactivator 111Homo sapiensMutation(s): 0 
EC: 2.3.1.48
UniProt & NIH Common Fund Data Resources
Find proteins for Q15788 (Homo sapiens)
Explore Q15788 
Go to UniProtKB:  Q15788
PHAROS:  Q15788
GTEx:  ENSG00000084676 
Entity Groups  
Sequence Clusters30% Identity50% Identity70% Identity90% Identity95% Identity100% Identity
UniProt GroupQ15788
Sequence Annotations
Expand
  • Reference Sequence
Small Molecules
Ligands 1 Unique
IDChains Name / Formula / InChI Key2D Diagram3D Interactions
0W3
Query on 0W3

Download Ideal Coordinates CCD File 
C [auth A](4R,6S,8S,12R,14R,16Z,18R,19R,20S,21S)-19,21-dihydroxy-22-{(2S,2'R,5S,5'S)-5'-[(1R)-1-hydroxyethyl]-2,5'-dimethyloctahydro-2,2'-bifuran-5-yl}-4,6,8,12,14,18,20-heptamethyl-9,11-dioxodocos-16-enoic acid
C41 H72 O9
OQWWWMDCZGMEFT-PUAVNTAHSA-N
Experimental Data & Validation

Experimental Data

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 2.84 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.285 
  • R-Value Work: 0.219 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.222 
  • Space Group: C 2 2 21
Unit Cell:
Length ( Å )Angle ( ˚ )
a = 57.36α = 90
b = 86.527β = 90
c = 122.691γ = 90
Software Package:
Software NamePurpose
SCALEPACKdata scaling
PHASERphasing
REFMACrefinement
PDB_EXTRACTdata extraction
HKL-2000data collection
d*TREKdata reduction

Structure Validation

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Ligand Structure Quality Assessment 


Entry History 

Deposition Data

Revision History  (Full details and data files)

  • Version 1.0: 2013-03-20
    Type: Initial release
  • Version 1.1: 2018-05-02
    Changes: Data collection
  • Version 1.2: 2024-02-28
    Changes: Data collection, Database references, Derived calculations