Primary Citation of Related Structures:   2ZXW, 3ABL, 3ABM
PubMed Abstract: 
The fully oxidized form of cytochrome c oxidase, immediately after complete oxidation of the fully reduced form, pumps protons upon each of the initial 2 single-electron reduction steps, whereas protons are not pumped during single-electron reduction of the fully oxidized "as-isolated" form (the fully oxidized form without any reduction/oxidation treatment) [Bloch D, et al ...
The fully oxidized form of cytochrome c oxidase, immediately after complete oxidation of the fully reduced form, pumps protons upon each of the initial 2 single-electron reduction steps, whereas protons are not pumped during single-electron reduction of the fully oxidized "as-isolated" form (the fully oxidized form without any reduction/oxidation treatment) [Bloch D, et al. (2004) The catalytic cycle of cytochrome c oxidase is not the sum of its two halves. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 101:529-533]. For identification of structural differences causing the remarkable functional difference between these 2 distinct fully oxidized forms, the X-ray structure of the fully oxidized as-isolated bovine heart cytochrome c oxidase was determined at 1.95-A resolution by limiting the X-ray dose for each shot and by using many (approximately 400) single crystals. This minimizes the effects of hydrated electrons induced by the X-ray irradiation. The X-ray structure showed a peroxide group bridging the 2 metal sites in the O(2) reduction site (Fe(3+)-O(-)-O(-)-Cu(2+)), in contrast to a ferric hydroxide (Fe(3+)-OH(-)) in the fully oxidized form immediately after complete oxidation from the fully reduced form, as has been revealed by resonance Raman analyses. The peroxide-bridged structure is consistent with the reductive titration results showing that 6 electron equivalents are required for complete reduction of the fully oxidized as-isolated form. The structural difference between the 2 fully oxidized forms suggests that the bound peroxide in the O(2) reduction site suppresses the proton pumping function.
Organizational Affiliation: 
RIKEN SPring-8 Center, 1-1-1 Kouto Sayo-cho Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan.
NA [auth C] SB [auth P] VA [auth G] XA [auth G] YB [auth T]
NA [auth C], SB [auth P], VA [auth G], XA [auth G], YB [auth T], ZB [auth T]
(1S)-2-{[(2-AMINOETHOXY)(HYDROXY)PHOSPHORYL]OXY}-1-[(STEAROYLOXY)METHYL]ETHYL (5E,8E,11E,14E)-ICOSA-5,8,11,14-TETRAENOATE C43 H78 N O8 P ANRKEHNWXKCXDB-BHFWLYLHSA-N
(7R,17E,20E)-4-HYDROXY-N,N,N-TRIMETHYL-9-OXO-7-[(PALMITOYLOXY)METHYL]-3,5,8-TRIOXA-4-PHOSPHAHEXACOSA-17,20-DIEN-1-AMINIUM 4-OXIDE C42 H81 N O8 P JLPULHDHAOZNQI-AUSZDXHESA-O