3LCT

Crystal Structure of the Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase Catalytic Domain


Experimental Data Snapshot

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 2.10 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.255 
  • R-Value Work: 0.205 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.207 

Starting Model: experimental
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Ligand Structure Quality Assessment 


This is version 1.3 of the entry. See complete history


Literature

Crystal structure of the ALK (anaplastic lymphoma kinase) catalytic domain.

Lee, C.C.Jia, Y.Li, N.Sun, X.Ng, K.Ambing, E.Gao, M.Y.Hua, S.Chen, C.Kim, S.Michellys, P.Y.Lesley, S.A.Harris, J.L.Spraggon, G.

(2010) Biochem J 430: 425-437

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1042/BJ20100609
  • Primary Citation of Related Structures:  
    3L9P, 3LCS, 3LCT

  • PubMed Abstract: 

    ALK (anaplastic lymphoma kinase) is an RTK (receptor tyrosine kinase) of the IRK (insulin receptor kinase) superfamily, which share an YXXXYY autophosphorylation motif within their A-loops (activation loops). A common activation and regulatory mechanism is believed to exist for members of this superfamily typified by IRK and IGF1RK (insulin-like growth factor receptor kinase-1). Chromosomal translocations involving ALK were first identified in anaplastic large-cell lymphoma, a subtype of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, where aberrant fusion of the ALK kinase domain with the NPM (nucleophosmin) dimerization domain results in autophosphosphorylation and ligand-independent activation. Activating mutations within the full-length ALK kinase domain, most commonly R1275Q and F1174L, which play a major role in neuroblastoma, were recently identified. To provide a structural framework for understanding these mutations and to guide structure-assisted drug discovery efforts, the X-ray crystal structure of the unphosphorylated ALK catalytic domain was determined in the apo, ADP- and staurosporine-bound forms. The structures reveal a partially inactive protein kinase conformation distinct from, and lacking, many of the negative regulatory features observed in inactive IGF1RK/IRK structures in their unphosphorylated forms. The A-loop adopts an inhibitory pose where a short proximal A-loop helix (alphaAL) packs against the alphaC helix and a novel N-terminal beta-turn motif, whereas the distal portion obstructs part of the predicted peptide-binding region. The structure helps explain the reported unique peptide substrate specificity and the importance of phosphorylation of the first A-loop Tyr1278 for kinase activity and NPM-ALK transforming potential. A single amino acid difference in the ALK substrate peptide binding P-1 site (where the P-site is the phosphoacceptor site) was identified that, in conjunction with A-loop sequence variation including the RAS (Arg-Ala-Ser)-motif, rationalizes the difference in the A-loop tyrosine autophosphorylation preference between ALK and IGF1RK/IRK. Enzymatic analysis of recombinant R1275Q and F1174L ALK mutant catalytic domains confirms the enhanced activity and transforming potential of these mutants. The transforming ability of the full-length ALK mutants in soft agar colony growth assays corroborates these findings. The availability of a three-dimensional structure for ALK will facilitate future structure-function and rational drug design efforts targeting this receptor tyrosine kinase.


  • Organizational Affiliation

    The Genomics Institute of the Novartis Research Foundation, San Diego, CA 92121, USA. clee@gnf.org


Macromolecules
Find similar proteins by:  (by identity cutoff)  |  3D Structure
Entity ID: 1
MoleculeChains Sequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
ALK tyrosine kinase receptor344Homo sapiensMutation(s): 1 
Gene Names: ALK
EC: 2.7.10.1
UniProt & NIH Common Fund Data Resources
Find proteins for Q9UM73 (Homo sapiens)
Explore Q9UM73 
Go to UniProtKB:  Q9UM73
PHAROS:  Q9UM73
GTEx:  ENSG00000171094 
Entity Groups  
Sequence Clusters30% Identity50% Identity70% Identity90% Identity95% Identity100% Identity
UniProt GroupQ9UM73
Sequence Annotations
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  • Reference Sequence
Experimental Data & Validation

Experimental Data

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 2.10 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.255 
  • R-Value Work: 0.205 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.207 
  • Space Group: P 21 21 21
Unit Cell:
Length ( Å )Angle ( ˚ )
a = 51.78α = 90
b = 57.069β = 90
c = 104.061γ = 90
Software Package:
Software NamePurpose
HKL-2000data collection
REFMACrefinement
HKL-2000data reduction
HKL-2000data scaling

Structure Validation

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Ligand Structure Quality Assessment 


Entry History 

Deposition Data

  • Released Date: 2010-08-04 
  • Deposition Author(s): Lee, C.C.

Revision History  (Full details and data files)

  • Version 1.0: 2010-08-04
    Type: Initial release
  • Version 1.1: 2011-07-13
    Changes: Version format compliance
  • Version 1.2: 2021-10-13
    Changes: Database references, Derived calculations
  • Version 1.3: 2023-09-06
    Changes: Data collection, Refinement description