Biological Assembly 1  

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Global Symmetry: Dihedral - D3  (3D View)
Global Stoichiometry: Hetero 12-mer - A6B6 

Biological assembly 1 assigned by authors and generated by PISA (software)

Macromolecule Content

• Total Structure Weight: 11804.21 
• Atom Count: 818 
• Residue Count: 102 
• Unique protein chains: 2

3BXQ

The structure of a mutant insulin uncouples receptor binding from protein allostery. An electrostatic block to the TR transition

• DOI: 10.2210/pdb3BXQ/pdb

• Classification: HORMONE
• Organism(s): Homo sapiens
• Mutation(s): 1 


• Deposited: 2008-01-14 Released: 2008-05-20 
• Deposition Author(s): Wan, Z.L., Huang, K., Hu, S.Q., Whittaker, J., Weiss, M.A.

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Experimental Data Snapshot

• Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
• Resolution: 1.3 Å
• R-Value Free: 0.232 
• R-Value Work: 0.206 

Literature

Design of an active ultrastable single-chain insulin analog: synthesis, structure, and therapeutic implications.

Hua, Q.X., Nakagawa, S.H., Jia, W., Huang, K., Phillips, N.B., Hu, S.Q., Weiss, M.A.

(2008) J.Biol.Chem. 283: 14703-14716

• PubMed: 18332129 
• DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M800313200
• Primary Citation of Related Structures:  
  2JZQ


• PubMed Abstract: 
  

Single-chain insulin (SCI) analogs provide insight into the inter-relation of hormone structure, function, and dynamics. Although compatible with wild-type structure, short connecting segments (<3 residues) prevent induced fit upon receptor binding and so are essentially without biological activity. Substantial but incomplete activity can be regained with increasing linker length. Here, we describe the design, structure, and function of a single-chain insulin analog (SCI-57) containing a 6-residue linker (GGGPRR). Native receptor-binding affinity (130 +/- 8% relative to the wild type) is achieved as hindrance by the linker is offset by favorable substitutions in the insulin moiety. The thermodynamic stability of SCI-57 is markedly increased (DeltaDeltaG(u) = 0.7 +/- 0.1 kcal/mol relative to the corresponding two-chain analog and 1.9 +/- 0.1 kcal/mol relative to wild-type insulin). Analysis of inter-residue nuclear Overhauser effects demonstrates that a native-like fold is maintained in solution. Surprisingly, the glycine-rich connecting segment folds against the insulin moiety: its central Pro contacts Val(A3) at the edge of the hydrophobic core, whereas the final Arg extends the A1-A8 alpha-helix. Comparison between SCI-57 and its parent two-chain analog reveals striking enhancement of multiple native-like nuclear Overhauser effects within the tethered protein. These contacts are consistent with wild-type crystal structures but are ordinarily attenuated in NMR spectra of two-chain analogs, presumably due to conformational fluctuations. Linker-specific damping of fluctuations provides evidence for the intrinsic flexibility of an insulin monomer. In addition to their biophysical interest, ultrastable SCIs may enhance the safety and efficacy of insulin replacement therapy in the developing world.

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Related Citations: 

• The structure of 2zn pig insulin crystal at 1.5 A resolution
  Baker, E.N.,Blujdell, T.L.,Cutfield, J.F.,Cutfield, S.M.,Dodson, E.J.,Dodson, G.G.,Hodgkin, D.,Isaacs, N.W.,Reynolds, C.D.
  (1988) Philos.Trans.R.Soc.London,Ser.B 319: 369
• Structure of insulin in 4-zinc insulin
  Bentley, G.,Dodson, E.,Dodson, G.,Hodgkin, D.,Mercola, D.
  (1976) Nature 261: 166
• Toward the active conformation of insulin: stereospecific modulation of a structural swith in the B chain
  Hua, Q.X.,Nakagawa, S.,Hu, S.Q.,Jia, W.,Wang, S.,Weiss, M.A.
  (2006) J.Biol.Chem. 281: 24900
• Phenol stabilizes more helix in a new symmetrical zinc insulin hexamer
  Derewenda, U.,Derewenda, Z.,Dodson, E.,Dodson, G.,Reynold, C.,Smith, G.,Sparks, C.,Swenson, D.
  (1989) Nature 338: 594




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Organizational Affiliation: 

Department of Biochemistry, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.

Macromolecules

Find similar proteins by: Sequence  |  Structure

Entity ID: 1
Molecule	Chains	Sequence Length	Organism	Details
insulin A chain	A, C	21	Homo sapiens	Mutation(s): 0  Gene Names: INS
Find proteins for P01308 (Homo sapiens) Go to Gene View: INS Go to UniProtKB:  P01308

Entity ID: 2
Molecule	Chains	Sequence Length	Organism	Details
insulin B chain	B, D	30	Homo sapiens	Mutation(s): 1  Gene Names: INS
Find proteins for P01308 (Homo sapiens) Go to Gene View: INS Go to UniProtKB:  P01308

Small Molecules

Ligands 1 Unique
ID	Chains	Name / Formula / InChI Key	2D Diagram & Interactions
ZN	B, D	ZINC ION Zn PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N

Experimental Data & Validation

Experimental Data

• Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
• Resolution: 1.3 Å
• R-Value Free: 0.232 
• R-Value Work: 0.206 
• Space Group: H 3

Unit Cell:

Length (Å)	Angle (°)
a = 81.390	α = 90.00
b = 81.390	β = 90.00
c = 34.000	γ = 120.00

Software Package:

Software Name	Purpose
CNS	phasing
d*TREK	data reduction
d*TREK	data scaling
HKL-2000	data collection
CNS	refinement

Structure Validation

Entry History 

Deposition Data

• Deposited Date: 2008-01-14 
• Released Date: 2008-05-20 
• Deposition Author(s): Wan, Z.L., Huang, K., Hu, S.Q., Whittaker, J., Weiss, M.A.

Revision History 

• Version 1.0: 2008-05-20
  Type: Initial release
• Version 1.1: 2011-07-13
  Type: Version format compliance