2WKR

Structure of a photoactivatable Rac1 containing the Lov2 C450M Mutant

Experimental Data Snapshot

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 2.20 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.226 
  • R-Value Work: 0.185 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.188 

wwPDB Validation 3D Report Full Report



Literature

A Genetically Encoded Photoactivatable Rac Controls the Motility of Living Cells.

Wu, Y.I., Frey, D., Lungu, O.I., Jaehrig, A., Schlichting, I., Kuhlman, B., Hahn, K.M.

(2009) Nature 461: 104

  • DOI: 10.1038/nature08241
  • Primary Citation of Related Structures:  
    2WKP, 2WKQ, 2WKR

  • PubMed Abstract: 

    • The precise spatio-temporal dynamics of protein activity are often critical in determining cell behaviour, yet for most proteins they remain poorly understood; it remains difficult to manipulate protein activity at precise times and places within liv ...

    The precise spatio-temporal dynamics of protein activity are often critical in determining cell behaviour, yet for most proteins they remain poorly understood; it remains difficult to manipulate protein activity at precise times and places within living cells. Protein activity has been controlled by light, through protein derivatization with photocleavable moieties or using photoreactive small-molecule ligands. However, this requires use of toxic ultraviolet wavelengths, activation is irreversible, and/or cell loading is accomplished via disruption of the cell membrane (for example, through microinjection). Here we have developed a new approach to produce genetically encoded photoactivatable derivatives of Rac1, a key GTPase regulating actin cytoskeletal dynamics in metazoan cells. Rac1 mutants were fused to the photoreactive LOV (light oxygen voltage) domain from phototropin, sterically blocking Rac1 interactions until irradiation unwound a helix linking LOV to Rac1. Photoactivatable Rac1 (PA-Rac1) could be reversibly and repeatedly activated using 458- or 473-nm light to generate precisely localized cell protrusions and ruffling. Localized Rac activation or inactivation was sufficient to produce cell motility and control the direction of cell movement. Myosin was involved in Rac control of directionality but not in Rac-induced protrusion, whereas PAK was required for Rac-induced protrusion. PA-Rac1 was used to elucidate Rac regulation of RhoA in cell motility. Rac and Rho coordinate cytoskeletal behaviours with seconds and submicrometre precision. Their mutual regulation remains controversial, with data indicating that Rac inhibits and/or activates Rho. Rac was shown to inhibit RhoA in mouse embryonic fibroblasts, with inhibition modulated at protrusions and ruffles. A PA-Rac crystal structure and modelling revealed LOV-Rac interactions that will facilitate extension of this photoactivation approach to other proteins.

    Organizational Affiliation: 

    Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA. yiwu@med.unc.edu



Macromolecules
Find similar proteins by: 
(by identity cutoff)  |  Structure
Entity ID: 1
MoleculeChainsSequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
NPH1-1, RAS-RELATED C3 BOTULINUM TOXIN SUBSTRATE 1A332Avena sativa, Homo sapiens
This entity is chimeric		Mutation(s): 4 
Gene Names: NPH1-1
EC: 3.6.5.2
Find proteins for P63000 (Homo sapiens)
Explore P63000 
Go to UniProtKB:  P63000
NIH Common Fund Data Resources
PHAROS  P63000
GTEx  ENSG00000136238
Find proteins for O49003 (Avena sativa)
Explore O49003 
Go to UniProtKB:  O49003
Protein Feature View
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  • Reference Sequence
Small Molecules
Ligands 4 Unique
IDChainsName / Formula / InChI Key2D Diagram3D Interactions
GTP
Query on GTP
Download CCD File 
A
GUANOSINE-5'-TRIPHOSPHATE
C10 H16 N5 O14 P3
XKMLYUALXHKNFT-UUOKFMHZSA-N		 Ligand Interaction
FMN
Query on FMN
Download CCD File 
A
FLAVIN MONONUCLEOTIDE
C17 H21 N4 O9 P
FVTCRASFADXXNN-SCRDCRAPSA-N		 Ligand Interaction
CL
Query on CL
Download CCD File 
A
CHLORIDE ION
Cl
VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M		 Ligand Interaction
MG
Query on MG
Download CCD File 
A
MAGNESIUM ION
Mg
JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N		 Ligand Interaction
Experimental Data & Validation

Experimental Data

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 2.20 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.226 
  • R-Value Work: 0.185 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.188 
  • Space Group: P 32 2 1
Unit Cell:
Length ( Å )Angle ( ˚ )
a = 112.39α = 90
b = 112.39β = 90
c = 69.2γ = 120
Software Package:
Software NamePurpose
PHENIXrefinement
XDSdata reduction
XSCALEdata scaling
PHASERphasing

Structure Validation

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Entry History 

Deposition Data

Revision History 

  • Version 1.0: 2009-08-18
    Type: Initial release