2WKR

Structure of a photoactivatable Rac1 containing the Lov2 C450M Mutant

PDB DOI: 10.2210/pdb2WKR/pdb

Classification: TRANSFERASE, CELL ADHESION
Organism(s): Avena sativa, Homo sapiens
Expression System: Escherichia coli
Mutation(s): Yes

Deposited: 2009-06-16 Released: 2009-08-18
Deposition Author(s): Wu, Y.I., Frey, D., Lungu, O.I., Jaehrig, A., Schlichting, I., Kuhlman, B., Hahn, K.M.

Experimental Data Snapshot

Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
Resolution: 2.20 Å
R-Value Free: 0.226
R-Value Work: 0.185
R-Value Observed: 0.188

wwPDB Validation 3D Report Full Report

Ligand Structure Quality Assessment

This is version 1.0 of the entry. See complete history.

Literature

A Genetically Encoded Photoactivatable Rac Controls the Motility of Living Cells.

Wu, Y.I., Frey, D., Lungu, O.I., Jaehrig, A., Schlichting, I., Kuhlman, B., Hahn, K.M.

(2009) Nature 461: 104

PubMed: 19693014 Search on PubMedSearch on PubMed Central
DOI: 10.1038/nature08241
Primary Citation of Related Structures:
2WKP, 2WKQ, 2WKR

PubMed Abstract:

The precise spatio-temporal dynamics of protein activity are often critical in determining cell behaviour, yet for most proteins they remain poorly understood; it remains difficult to manipulate protein activity at precise times and places within living cells. Protein activity has been controlled by light, through protein derivatization with photocleavable moieties or using photoreactive small-molecule ligands. However, this requires use of toxic ultraviolet wavelengths, activation is irreversible, and/or cell loading is accomplished via disruption of the cell membrane (for example, through microinjection). Here we have developed a new approach to produce genetically encoded photoactivatable derivatives of Rac1, a key GTPase regulating actin cytoskeletal dynamics in metazoan cells. Rac1 mutants were fused to the photoreactive LOV (light oxygen voltage) domain from phototropin, sterically blocking Rac1 interactions until irradiation unwound a helix linking LOV to Rac1. Photoactivatable Rac1 (PA-Rac1) could be reversibly and repeatedly activated using 458- or 473-nm light to generate precisely localized cell protrusions and ruffling. Localized Rac activation or inactivation was sufficient to produce cell motility and control the direction of cell movement. Myosin was involved in Rac control of directionality but not in Rac-induced protrusion, whereas PAK was required for Rac-induced protrusion. PA-Rac1 was used to elucidate Rac regulation of RhoA in cell motility. Rac and Rho coordinate cytoskeletal behaviours with seconds and submicrometre precision. Their mutual regulation remains controversial, with data indicating that Rac inhibits and/or activates Rho. Rac was shown to inhibit RhoA in mouse embryonic fibroblasts, with inhibition modulated at protrusions and ruffles. A PA-Rac crystal structure and modelling revealed LOV-Rac interactions that will facilitate extension of this photoactivation approach to other proteins.

Organizational Affiliation:

Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA. yiwu@med.unc.edu

Macromolecules

Find similar proteins by:

(by identity cutoff) | 3D Structure

Entity ID: 1
Molecule	Chains	Sequence Length	Organism	Details	Image
NPH1-1, RAS-RELATED C3 BOTULINUM TOXIN SUBSTRATE 1	A	332	Avena sativa, Homo sapiens This entity is chimeric	Mutation(s): 4 Gene Names: NPH1-1, RAC1 EC: 3.6.5.2
UniProt & NIH Common Fund Data Resources
Find proteins for P63000 (Homo sapiens) Explore P63000 Go to UniProtKB: P63000
PHAROS: P63000
Find proteins for O49003 (Avena sativa) Explore O49003 Go to UniProtKB: O49003
Entity Groups
Sequence Clusters	30% Identity50% Identity70% Identity90% Identity95% Identity100% Identity
UniProt Groups	P63000O49003
Protein Feature View Expand
Reference Sequence

Small Molecules

Ligands 4 Unique
ID	Chains	Name / Formula / InChI Key	2D Diagram	3D Interactions
GTP Query on GTP Download Ideal Coordinates CCD File SDF format, chain B [auth A] MOL2 format, chain B [auth A]	B [auth A]	GUANOSINE-5'-TRIPHOSPHATE C₁₀ H₁₆ N₅ O₁₄ P₃ XKMLYUALXHKNFT-UUOKFMHZSA-N		Ligand Interaction
FMN Query on FMN Download Ideal Coordinates CCD File SDF format, chain C [auth A] MOL2 format, chain C [auth A]	C [auth A]	FLAVIN MONONUCLEOTIDE C₁₇ H₂₁ N₄ O₉ P FVTCRASFADXXNN-SCRDCRAPSA-N		Ligand Interaction
CL Query on CL Download Ideal Coordinates CCD File SDF format, chain E [auth A] SDF format, chain F [auth A] MOL2 format, chain E [auth A] MOL2 format, chain F [auth A]	E [auth A], F [auth A]	CHLORIDE ION Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M		Ligand Interaction
MG Query on MG Download Ideal Coordinates CCD File SDF format, chain D [auth A] MOL2 format, chain D [auth A]	D [auth A]	MAGNESIUM ION Mg JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N		Ligand Interaction