X-Ray diffraction data have been obtained for nine related antiviral agents ("WIN compounds") while bound to human rhinovirus 14 (HRV14). These compounds can inhibit both viral attachment to host cells and uncoating. To calculate interpretable electron density maps it was necessary to account for (1) the low (approximately 60%) occupancies of these compounds in the crystal, (2) the large (up to 7 ...
X-Ray diffraction data have been obtained for nine related antiviral agents ("WIN compounds") while bound to human rhinovirus 14 (HRV14). These compounds can inhibit both viral attachment to host cells and uncoating. To calculate interpretable electron density maps it was necessary to account for (1) the low (approximately 60%) occupancies of these compounds in the crystal, (2) the large (up to 7.9 A) conformational changes induced at the attachment site, and (3) the incomplete diffraction data. Application of a density difference map technique, which exploits the 20-fold noncrystallographic redundancy in HRV14, resulted in clear images of the HRV14:WIN complexes. A real-space refinement procedure was used to fit atomic models to these maps. The binding site of WIN compounds in HRV14 is a hydrophobic pocket composed mainly from residues that form the beta-barrel of VP1. Among rhinoviruses, the residues associated with the binding pocket are far more conserved than external residues and are mostly contained within regular secondary structural elements. Molecular dynamics simulations of three HRV14:WIN complexes suggest that portions of the WIN compounds and viral protein near the entrance of the binding pocket are more flexible than portions deeper within the beta-barrel.
Related Citations:
The Use of Molecular Replacement Phases for the Refinement of the Human Rhinovirus 14 Structure Arnold, E., Rossmann, M.G. () To be published --: --
Analysis of the Structure of a Common Cold Virus, Human Rhinovirus 14, Refined at a Resolution of 3.0 Angstroms Arnold, E., Rossmann, M.G. () To be published --: --
Three-Dimensional Structures of Drug-Resistant Mutants of Human Rhinovirus 14 Badger, J., Krishnaswamy, S., Kremer, M.J., Oliveira, M.A., Rossmann, M.G., Heinz, B.A., Rueckert, R.R., Dutko, F.J., Mckinlay, M.A. (1989) J Mol Biol 207: 163
Structural Analysis of a Series of Antiviral Agents Complexed with Human Rhinovirus 14 Badger, J., Minor, I., Kremer, M.J., Oliveira, M.A., Smith, T.J., Griffith, J.P., Guerin, D.M.A., Krishnaswamy, S., Luo, M., Rossmann, M.G., Mckinlay, M.A., Diana, G.D., Dutko, F.J., Fancher, M., Rueckert, R.R., Heinz, B.A. (1988) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 85: 3304
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Implications of the Picornavirus Capsid Structure for Polyprotein Structure Arnold, E., Luo, M., Vriend, G., Rossmann, M.G., Palmenberg, A.C., Parks, G.D., Nicklin, M.J.H., Wimmer, E. (1987) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 84: 21
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The Structure of a Human Common Cold Virus (Rhinovirus 14) and its Evolutionary Relations to Other Viruses Rossmann, M.G., Arnold, E., Erickson, J.W., Frankenberger, E.A., Griffith, J.P., Hecht, H.-J., Johnson, J.E., Kamer, G., Luo, M., Vriend, G. (1987) Chem Scr 26: 313
Structure of a Human Common Cold Virus and Functional Relationship to Other Picornaviruses Rossmann, M.G., Arnold, E., Erickson, J.W., Frankenberger, E.A., Griffith, J.P., Hecht, H.-J., Johnson, J.E., Kamer, G., Luo, M., Mosser, A.G., Rueckert, R.R., Sherry, B., Vriend, G. (1985) Nature 317: 145
Virion Orientation in Cubic Crystals of the Human Common Cold Virus Hrv14 Arnold, E., Erickson, J.W., Fout, G.S., Frankenberger, E.A., Hecht, H.-J., Luo, M., Rossmann, M.G., Rueckert, R.R. (1984) J Mol Biol 177: 417
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Crystallization of a Common Cold Virus, Human Rhinovirus 14. (Quote)Isomorphism(Quote) with Poliovirus Crystals Erickson, J.W., Frankenberger, E.A., Rossmann, M.G., Fout, G.S., Medappa, K.C., Rueckert, R.R. (1983) Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 80: 931
Organizational Affiliation:
Department of Biological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907.
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