2D0K

Methionine-free mutant of Escherichia coli dihydrofolate reductase


Experimental Data Snapshot

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 1.90 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.284 
  • R-Value Work: 0.205 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.205 

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Ligand Structure Quality Assessment 


This is version 1.4 of the entry. See complete history


Literature

Evolutional Design of a Hyperactive Cysteine- and Methionine-free Mutant of Escherichia coli Dihydrofolate Reductase

Iwakura, M.Maki, K.Takahashi, H.Takenawa, T.Yokota, A.Katayanagi, K.Kamiyama, T.Gekko, K.

(2006) J Biol Chem 281: 13234-13246

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M508823200
  • Primary Citation of Related Structures:  
    2D0K

  • PubMed Abstract: 

    We developed a strategy for finding out the adapted variants of enzymes, and we applied it to an enzyme, dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), in terms of its catalytic activity so that we successfully obtained several hyperactive cysteine- and methionine-free variants of DHFR in which all five methionyl and two cysteinyl residues were replaced by other amino acid residues. Among them, a variant (M1A/M16N/M20L/M42Y/C85A/M92F/C152S), named as ANLYF, has an approximately seven times higher k(cat) value than wild type DHFR. Enzyme kinetics and crystal structures of the variant were investigated for elucidating the mechanism of the hyperactivity. Steady-state and transient binding kinetics of the variant indicated that the kinetic scheme of the catalytic cycle of ANLYF was essentially the same as that of wild type, showing that the hyperactivity was brought about by an increase of the dissociation rate constants of tetrahydrofolate from the enzyme-NADPH-tetrahydrofolate ternary complex. The crystal structure of the variant, solved and refined to an R factor of 0.205 at 1.9-angstroms resolution, indicated that an increased structural flexibility of the variant and an increased size of the N-(p-aminobenzoyl)-L-glutamate binding cleft induced the increase of the dissociation constant. This was consistent with a large compressibility (volume fluctuation) of the variant. A comparison of folding kinetics between wild type and the variant showed that the folding of these two enzymes was similar to each other, suggesting that the activity enhancement of the enzyme can be attained without drastic changes of the folding mechanism.


  • Organizational Affiliation

    National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8566, Japan. Electronic address: masa-iwakura@aist.go.jp.


Macromolecules
Find similar proteins by:  (by identity cutoff)  |  3D Structure
Entity ID: 1
MoleculeChains Sequence LengthOrganismDetailsImage
Dihydrofolate reductase
A, B
159Escherichia coliMutation(s): 7 
EC: 1.5.1.3
UniProt
Find proteins for P0ABQ4 (Escherichia coli (strain K12))
Explore P0ABQ4 
Go to UniProtKB:  P0ABQ4
Entity Groups  
Sequence Clusters30% Identity50% Identity70% Identity90% Identity95% Identity100% Identity
UniProt GroupP0ABQ4
Sequence Annotations
Expand
  • Reference Sequence
Small Molecules
Binding Affinity Annotations 
IDSourceBinding Affinity
FOL Binding MOAD:  2D0K Kd: 9510 (nM) from 1 assay(s)
PDBBind:  2D0K Kd: 9510 (nM) from 1 assay(s)
Experimental Data & Validation

Experimental Data

  • Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
  • Resolution: 1.90 Å
  • R-Value Free: 0.284 
  • R-Value Work: 0.205 
  • R-Value Observed: 0.205 
  • Space Group: C 1 2 1
Unit Cell:
Length ( Å )Angle ( ˚ )
a = 79.58α = 90
b = 56.69β = 106.81
c = 85.14γ = 90
Software Package:
Software NamePurpose
DENZOdata reduction
SCALEPACKdata scaling
AMoREphasing
X-PLORrefinement

Structure Validation

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Ligand Structure Quality Assessment 


Entry History 

Deposition Data

Revision History  (Full details and data files)

  • Version 1.0: 2006-02-28
    Type: Initial release
  • Version 1.1: 2008-04-30
    Changes: Version format compliance
  • Version 1.2: 2011-07-13
    Changes: Version format compliance
  • Version 1.3: 2021-11-10
    Changes: Database references, Derived calculations
  • Version 1.4: 2023-10-25
    Changes: Data collection, Refinement description