Biological Assembly 1  

 3D View: Structure | 1D-3D View | Validation Report

Global Symmetry: Asymmetric - C1 
Global Stoichiometry: Hetero 2-mer - A1B1 

Biological assembly 1 assigned by authors.

Macromolecule Content

• Total Structure Weight: 5.82 kDa 
• Atom Count: 403 
• Modelled Residue Count: 51 
• Deposited Residue Count: 51 
• Unique protein chains: 2

1XGL

HUMAN INSULIN DISULFIDE ISOMER, NMR, 10 STRUCTURES

• PDB DOI: 10.2210/pdb1XGL/pdb
• BMRB: 1344

• Classification: HORMONE
• Organism(s): Homo sapiens
• Expression System: Escherichia coli
• Mutation(s): No 


• Deposited: 1996-10-10 Released: 1997-04-01 
• Deposition Author(s): Hua, Q.X., Gozani, S.N., Chance, R.E., Hoffmann, J.A., Frank, B.H., Weiss, M.A.

---

Experimental Data Snapshot

• Method: SOLUTION NMR
• Conformers Submitted: 10 

Literature

Structure of a protein in a kinetic trap.

Hua, Q.X., Gozani, S.N., Chance, R.E., Hoffmann, J.A., Frank, B.H., Weiss, M.A.

(1995) Nat Struct Biol 2: 129-138

• PubMed: 7749917 
• DOI: 10.1038/nsb0295-129
• Primary Citation of Related Structures:  
  1XGL, 2HIU


• PubMed Abstract: 
  

We have determined the structure of a metastable disulphide isomer of human insulin. Although not observed for proinsulin folding or insulin-chain recombination, the isomer retains ordered secondary structure and a compact hydrophobic core. Comparison with native insulin reveals a global rearrangement in the orientation of A- and B-chains. One face of the protein's surface is nevertheless in common between native and non-native structures. This face contains receptor-binding determinants, rationalizing the partial biological activity of the isomer. Structures of native and non-native disulphide isomers also define alternative three-dimensional templates. Threading of insulin-like sequences provide an experimental realization of the inverse protein-folding problem.

---

Related Citations: 

• Receptor Binding Redefined by a Structural Switch in a Mutant Human Insulin
  Hua, Q.X., Shoelson, S.E., Kochoyan, M., Weiss, M.A.
  (1991) Nature 354: 238

---

Organizational Affiliation: 

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chicago, Illinois 60637-5419, USA.

Macromolecules

Entity ID: 1
Molecule	Chains	Sequence Length	Organism	Details	Image
INSULIN	A	21	Homo sapiens	Mutation(s): 0  Gene Names: INS
UniProt & NIH Common Fund Data Resources
Find proteins for P01308 (Homo sapiens) Explore P01308  Go to UniProtKB:  P01308
PHAROS:  P01308

Entity ID: 2
Molecule	Chains	Sequence Length	Organism	Details	Image
INSULIN	B	30	Homo sapiens	Mutation(s): 0  Gene Names: INS
UniProt & NIH Common Fund Data Resources
Find proteins for P01308 (Homo sapiens) Explore P01308  Go to UniProtKB:  P01308
PHAROS:  P01308

Experimental Data & Validation

Experimental Data

• Method: SOLUTION NMR
• Conformers Submitted: 10 
• OLDERADO: 1XGL Olderado

Structure Validation

Entry History 

Deposition Data

• Deposited Date: 1996-10-10 
• Released Date: 1997-04-01 
Deposition Author(s): Hua, Q.X., Gozani, S.N., Chance, R.E., Hoffmann, J.A., Frank, B.H., Weiss, M.A.

Revision History  

• Version 1.0: 1997-04-01
  Type: Initial release
  
• Version 1.1: 2008-03-24
  Changes: Version format compliance
• Version 1.2: 2011-07-13
  Changes: Version format compliance
• Version 1.3: 2022-03-02
  Changes: Database references, Derived calculations, Other