Heparan sulfate has an important role in cell entry by foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV). We find that subtype O1 FMDV binds this glycosaminoglycan with a high affinity by immobilizing a specific highly abundant motif of sulfated sugars. The binding site is a shallow depression on the virion surface, located at the junction of the three major capsid proteins, VP1, VP2 and VP3 ...
Heparan sulfate has an important role in cell entry by foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV). We find that subtype O1 FMDV binds this glycosaminoglycan with a high affinity by immobilizing a specific highly abundant motif of sulfated sugars. The binding site is a shallow depression on the virion surface, located at the junction of the three major capsid proteins, VP1, VP2 and VP3. Two pre-formed sulfate-binding sites control receptor specificity. Residue 56 of VP3, an arginine in this virus, is critical to this recognition, forming a key component of both sites. This residue is a histidine in field isolates of the virus, switching to an arginine in adaptation to tissue culture, forming the high affinity heparan sulfate-binding site. We postulate that this site is a conserved feature of FMDVs, such that in the infected animal there is a biological advantage to low affinity, or more selective, interactions with glycosaminoglycan receptors.
Related Citations:
Structure of a Major Immunogenic Site on Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Logan, D., Abu-Ghazaleh, R., Blakemore, W., Curry, S., Jackson, T., King, A., Lea, S., Lewis, R., Stuart, D., Fry, E. (1993) Nature 362: 566
The Three-Dimensional Structure of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus at 2.9 Angstroms Resolution Acharya, R., Fry, E., Stuart, D., Fox, G., Rowlands, D., Brown, F. (1989) Nature 337: 709
Organizational Affiliation:
The Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics, Rex Richards Building, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QU, UK.
Download Mendeley
