Download MendeleySolution structure of omega-grammotoxin SIA, a gating modifier of P/Q and N-type Ca(2+) channel.
Takeuchi, K., Park, E., Lee, C., Kim, J., Takahashi, H., Swartz, K., Shimada, I.(2002) J Mol Biol 321: 517-526
- PubMed: 12162963
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/s0022-2836(02)00595-8
- Primary Citation of Related Structures:
1KOZ - PubMed Abstract:
omega-Grammotoxin SIA (GrTx) is a 36 amino acid residue protein toxin from spider venom that inhibits P/Q and N-type voltage-gated Ca(2+) channels by modifying voltage-dependent gating. We determined the three-dimensional structure of GrTx using NMR spectroscopy. The toxin adopts an "inhibitor cystine knot" motif composed of two beta-strands (Leu19-Cys21 and Cys30-Trp32) and a beta-bulge (Trp6, Gly7-Cys30) with a +2x, -1 topology, which are connected by four chain reversals. Although GrTx was originally identified as an inhibitor of voltage-gated Ca(2+) channel, it also binds to K(+) channels with lower affinity. A similar cross-reaction was observed for Hanatoxin1 (HaTx), which binds to the voltage-sensing domains of K(+) and Ca(2+) channels with different affinities. A detailed comparison of the GrTx and HaTx structures identifies a conserved face containing a large hydrophobic patch surrounded by positively charged residues. The slight differences in the surface shape, which result from the orientation of the surface aromatic residues and/or the distribution of the charged residues, may explain the differences in the binding affinity of these gating modifiers with different voltage-gated ion channels.
Organizational Affiliation:
Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 113-0033, Tokyo, Japan.
