1HPZ

HUMAN IMMUNODEFICIENCY VIRUS TYPE 1

DOI: 10.2210/pdb1HPZ/pdb

Classification: TRANSFERASE
Organism(s): Human immunodeficiency virus 1
Expression System: Escherichia coli
Mutation(s): Yes

Deposited: 2000-12-13 Released: 2001-05-30
Deposition Author(s): Ding, J., Hsiou, Y., Arnold, E.

Experimental Data Snapshot

Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
Resolution: 3.00 Å
R-Value Free: 0.343
R-Value Work: 0.254

wwPDB Validation3D Report Full Report

This is version 1.2 of the entry. See complete history.

Literature

The Lys103Asn mutation of HIV-1 RT: a novel mechanism of drug resistance.

Hsiou, Y., Ding, J., Das, K., Clark Jr., A.D., Boyer, P.L., Lewi, P., Janssen, P.A., Kleim, J.P., Rosner, M., Hughes, S.H., Arnold, E.

(2001) J Mol Biol 309: 437-445

PubMed: 11371163 Search on PubMed
DOI: 10.1006/jmbi.2001.4648
Structures With Same Primary Citation

PubMed Abstract:

Inhibitors of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) reverse transcriptase (RT) are widely used in the treatment of HIV infection. Loviride (an alpha-APA derivative) and HBY 097 (a quinoxaline derivative) are two potent non-nucleoside RT inhibitors (NNRTIs) that have been used in human clinical trials. A major problem for existing anti-retroviral therapy is the emergence of drug-resistant mutants with reduced susceptibility to the inhibitors. Amino acid residue 103 in the p66 subunit of HIV-1 RT is located near a putative entrance to a hydrophobic pocket that binds NNRTIs. Substitution of asparagine for lysine at position 103 of HIV-1 RT is associated with the development of resistance to NNRTIs; this mutation contributes to clinical failure of treatments employing NNRTIs. We have determined the structures of the unliganded form of the Lys103Asn mutant HIV-1 RT and in complexes with loviride and HBY 097. The structures of wild-type and Lys103Asn mutant HIV-1 RT in complexes with NNRTIs are quite similar overall as well as in the vicinity of the bound NNRTIs. Comparison of unliganded wild-type and Lys103Asn mutant HIV-1 RT structures reveals a network of hydrogen bonds in the Lys103Asn mutant that is not present in the wild-type enzyme. Hydrogen bonds in the unliganded Lys103Asn mutant but not in wild-type HIV-1 RT are observed between (1) the side-chains of Asn103 and Tyr188 and (2) well-ordered water molecules in the pocket and nearby pocket residues. The structural differences between unliganded wild-type and Lys103Asn mutant HIV-1 RT may correspond to stabilization of the closed-pocket form of the enzyme, which could interfere with the ability of inhibitors to bind to the enzyme. These results are consistent with kinetic data indicating that NNRTIs bind more slowly to Lys103Asn mutant than to wild-type HIV-1 RT. This novel drug-resistance mechanism explains the broad cross-resistance of Lys103Asn mutant HIV-1 RT to different classes of NNRTIs. Design of NNRTIs that make favorable interactions with the Asn103 side-chain should be relatively effective against the Lys103Asn drug-resistant mutant.

Related Citations:

Structure of HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase in a Complex with the Nonnucleoside Inhibitor Alpha-APA R95845 at 2.8 A Resolution
Ding, J., Das, K., Tantillo, C., Zhang, W., Clark Jr., A.D., Jessen, S., Lu, X., Hsiou, Y., Jacobo-Molina, A., Andries, K.
(1995) Structure 3: 365

Organizational Affiliation:

Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine (CABM) and Rutgers University Chemistry Department, 679 Hoes Lane, Piscataway, NJ 08854-5638, USA.

Macromolecules

Find similar proteins by: Sequence | Structure

Entity ID: 1
Molecule	Chains	Sequence Length	Organism	Details
POL POLYPROTEIN	A	560	Human immunodeficiency virus 1	Mutation(s): 2 EC: 2.7.7.49 (PDB Primary Data), 3.4.23.16 (UniProt), 2.7.7.7 (UniProt), 3.1.26.13 (UniProt), 3.1.13.2 (UniProt), 2.7.7 (UniProt), 3.1 (UniProt)
Find proteins for P03366 (Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 group M subtype B (isolate BH10)) Go to UniProtKB: P03366
Protein Feature View
Reference Sequence

Find similar proteins by: Sequence | Structure

Entity ID: 2
Molecule	Chains	Sequence Length	Organism	Details
POL POLYPROTEIN	B	430	Human immunodeficiency virus 1	Mutation(s): 2 EC: 2.7.7.49 (PDB Primary Data), 3.4.23.16 (UniProt), 2.7.7.7 (UniProt), 3.1.26.13 (UniProt), 3.1.13.2 (UniProt), 2.7.7 (UniProt), 3.1 (UniProt)
Find proteins for P03366 (Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 group M subtype B (isolate BH10)) Go to UniProtKB: P03366
Protein Feature View
Reference Sequence

Small Molecules

Ligands 1 Unique
ID	Chains	Name / Formula / InChI Key	2D Diagram	3D Interactions
AAP Query on AAP Download CCD File	A	ALPHA-(2,6-DICHLOROPHENYL)-ALPHA-(2-ACETYL-5-METHYLANILINO)ACETAMIDE C₁₇ H₁₆ Cl₂ N₂ O₂ CJPLEFFCVDQQFZ-INIZCTEOSA-N		Ligand Interaction