Biological Assembly 1  

Global Symmetry: Asymmetric - C1 
Global Stoichiometry: Monomer - A1 

Biological assembly 1 assigned by authors.

Macromolecule Content

• Total Structure Weight: 2.66 kDa 
• Atom Count: 183 
• Modelled Residue Count: 22 
• Deposited Residue Count: 22 
• Unique protein chains: 1

 1HP9

kappa-Hefutoxins: a novel Class of Potassium Channel Toxins from Scorpion venom

• PDB DOI:  https://doi.org/10.2210/pdb1HP9/pdb

• Classification: TOXIN
• Mutation(s): No 


• Deposited: 2000-12-12 Released: 2002-08-28 
• Deposition Author(s): Srinivasan, K.N., Sivaraja, V., Huys, I., Sasaki, T., Cheng, B., Kumar, T.K.S., Sato, K., Tytgat, J., Yu, C., Brian Chia, C.S., Ranganathan, S., Bowie, J.H., Kini, R.M., Gopalakrishnakone, P.

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Experimental Data Snapshot

• Method: SOLUTION NMR
• Conformers Calculated: 20 
• Conformers Submitted: 1 

Literature

kappa-Hefutoxin1, a novel toxin from the scorpion Heterometrus fulvipes with unique structure and function. Importance of the functional diad in potassium channel selectivity.

Srinivasan, K.N., Sivaraja, V., Huys, I., Sasaki, T., Cheng, B., Kumar, T.K., Sato, K., Tytgat, J., Yu, C., San, B.C., Ranganathan, S., Bowie, H.J., Kini, R.M., Gopalakrishnakone, P.

(2002) J Biol Chem 277: 30040-30047

• PubMed: 12034709 
• DOI: https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M111258200
• Primary Citation of Related Structures:  
  1HP9


• PubMed Abstract: 
  

An important and exciting challenge in the postgenomic era is to understand the functions of newly discovered proteins based on their structures. The main thrust is to find the common structural motifs that contribute to specific functions. Using this premise, here we report the purification, solution NMR, and functional characterization of a novel class of weak potassium channel toxins from the venom of the scorpion Heterometrus fulvipes. These toxins, kappa-hefutoxin1 and kappa-hefutoxin2, exhibit no homology to any known toxins. NMR studies indicate that kappa-hefutoxin1 adopts a unique three-dimensional fold of two parallel helices linked by two disulfide bridges without any beta-sheets. Based on the presence of the functional diad (Tyr(5)/Lys(19)) at a distance (6.0 +/- 1.0 A) comparable with other potassium channel toxins, we hypothesized its function as a potassium channel toxin. kappa-Hefutoxin 1 not only blocks the voltage-gated K(+)-channels, Kv1.3 and Kv1.2, but also slows the activation kinetics of Kv1.3 currents, a novel feature of kappa-hefutoxin 1, unlike other scorpion toxins, which are considered solely pore blockers. Alanine mutants (Y5A, K19A, and Y5A/K19A) failed to block the channels, indicating the importance of the functional diad.

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Organizational Affiliation: 

Venom and Toxin Research Programme, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 4 Medical Dr., Singapore 117597, Singapore.

Macromolecules

Entity ID: 1
Molecule	Chains	Sequence Length	Organism	Details	Image
kappa-hefutoxin 1	A	22	N/A	Mutation(s): 0
UniProt
Find proteins for P82851 (Chersonesometrus fulvipes) Explore P82851  Go to UniProtKB:  P82851

Experimental Data & Validation

Experimental Data

• Method: SOLUTION NMR
• Conformers Calculated: 20 
• Conformers Submitted: 1 

Structure Validation

Currently 1HP9 does not have a validation slider image.

Entry History 

Deposition Data

• Released Date: 2002-08-28 
Deposition Author(s): Srinivasan, K.N., Sivaraja, V., Huys, I., Sasaki, T., Cheng, B., Kumar, T.K.S., Sato, K., Tytgat, J., Yu, C., Brian Chia, C.S., Ranganathan, S., Bowie, J.H., Kini, R.M., Gopalakrishnakone, P.

Revision History  

• Version 1.0: 2002-08-28
  Type: Initial release
  
• Version 1.1: 2008-04-27
  Changes: Version format compliance
• Version 1.2: 2011-07-13
  Changes: Version format compliance
• Version 1.3: 2022-02-23
  Changes: Database references, Derived calculations