Biological Assembly 1  

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Global Symmetry: Asymmetric - C1 
Global Stoichiometry: Hetero 2-mer - AB 

Biological assembly 1 assigned by authors and generated by PISA (software)

Macromolecule Content

• Total Structure Weight: 36017.30 
• Atom Count: 2419 
• Residue Count: 308 
• Unique protein chains: 2

1ETR

REFINED 2.3 ANGSTROMS X-RAY CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF BOVINE THROMBIN COMPLEXES FORMED WITH THE BENZAMIDINE AND ARGININE-BASED THROMBIN INHIBITORS NAPAP, 4-TAPAP AND MQPA: A STARTING POINT FOR IMPROVING ANTITHROMBOTICS

• DOI: 10.2210/pdb1ETR/pdb

• Classification: HYDROLASE/HYDROLASE inhibitor
• Organism(s): Bos taurus


• Deposited: 1992-07-06 Released: 1994-01-31 
• Deposition Author(s): Bode, W., Brandstetter, H.

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Experimental Data Snapshot

• Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
• Resolution: 2.2 Å
• R-Value Work: 0.175 

Literature

Refined 2.3 A X-ray crystal structure of bovine thrombin complexes formed with the benzamidine and arginine-based thrombin inhibitors NAPAP, 4-TAPAP and MQPA. A starting point for improving antithrombotics.

Brandstetter, H., Turk, D., Hoeffken, H.W., Grosse, D., Sturzebecher, J., Martin, P.D., Edwards, B.F., Bode, W.

(1992) J.Mol.Biol. 226: 1085-1099

• PubMed: 1518046 
• Primary Citation of Related Structures:  
  1ETT, 1ETS


• PubMed Abstract: 
  

Well-diffracting crystals of bovine epsilon-thrombin in complex with several "non-peptidic" benzamidine and arginine-based thrombin inhibitors have been obtained by co-crystallization. The 2.3 A crystal structures of three complexes formed either with NAPAP, 4-TAPAP, or MQPA, were solved by Patterson search methods and refined to crystallographic R-values of 0.167 to 0.178. The active-site environment of thrombin is only slightly affected by binding of the different inhibitors; in particular, the exposed "60-insertion loop" essentially maintains its typical projecting structure. The D-stereoisomer of NAPAP and the L-stereoisomer of MQPA bind to thrombin with very similar conformations, as previously inferred from their binding to bovine trypsin; the arginine side-chain of the latter inserts into the specificity pocket in a "non-canonical" manner. The L-stereoisomer of 4-TAPAP, whose binding geometry towards trypsin was only poorly defined, is bound to the thrombin active-site in a compact conformation. In contrast to NAPAP, the distal p-amidino/guanidino groups of 4-TAPAP and MQPA do not interact with the carboxylate group of Asp189 in the thrombin specificity pocket in a "symmetrical" twin N-twin O manner, but through "lateral" single N-twin O contacts; in contrast to the p-amidino group of 4-TAPAP, however, the guanidyl group of MQPA packs favourably in the pocket due to an elaborate hydrogen bond network, which includes two entrapped water molecules. These thrombin structures confirm previous conclusions of the important role of the intermolecular hydrogen bonds formed with Gly216, and of the good sterical fit of the terminal bulky hydrophobic inhibitor groups with the hydrophobic aryl binding site and the S2-cavity, respectively, for tight thrombin active site binding of these non-peptidic inhibitors. These accurate crystal structures are presumed to be excellent starting points for the design and the elaboration of improved antithrombotics.

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Related Citations: 

• Geometry of Binding of the Nalpha-Tosylated Piperidides of M-Amidino-, P-Amidino-and P-Guanidino Phenylalanine to Thrombin and Trypsin: X-Ray Crystal Structures of Their Trypsin Complexes and Modeling of Their Thrombin Complexes
  Turk, D.,Stuerzebecher, J.,Bode, W.
  (1991) FEBS Lett. 287: 133
• The Refined 1.9 Angstroms Crystal Structure of Human Alpha-Thrombin: Interaction with D-Phe-Pro-Arg Chloromethylketone and Significance of the Tyr-Pro-Pro-Trp Insertion Segment
  Bode, W.,Mayr, I.,Baumann, U.,Huber, R.,Stone, S.R.,Hofsteenge, J.
  (1989) Embo J. 8: 3467
• Crystallographic Determination of Thrombin Complexes with Small Synthetic Inhibitors as a Starting Point for the Receptor-Based Design of Antithrombotics
  Bode, W.,Brandstetter, H.,Turk, D.,Bauer, M.,Stuerzebecher, J.
  () TO BE PUBLISHED --: --
• X-Ray Crystal Structure of Thrombin in Complex with D-Phe-Pro-Arg and with Small Benzamidine and Arginine-Based "Non-Peptidic" Inhibitors
  Bode, W.
  () TO BE PUBLISHED --: --
• The Refined 1.9-Angstroms X-Ray Crystal Structure of D-Phe-Pro-Arg Chloromethylketone-Inhibited Human Alpha-Thrombin: Structure Analysis, Overall Structure, Electrostatic Properties, Detailed Active-Site Geometry, and Structure-Function Relationships
  Bode, W.,Turk, D.,Karshikov, A.
  (1992) Protein Sci. 1: 426
• Geometry of Binding of the Benzamidine-and Arginine-Based Inhibitors N-Alpha-(2-Naphthyl-Sulphonyl-Glycyl)-Dl-P-Amidinophenylalanyl-Piperidine (Napap) and (2R,4R)-4-Methyl-1-[N-Alpha-(3-Methyl-1,2,3,4-Tetrahydro-8-Quinolinesulphonyl)-L-Arginyl]-2-Piperidine Carboxylic Acid (Mqpa) to Human Alpha-Thrombin: X-Ray Crystallographic Determination of the Napap-Trypsin Complex and Modeling of Napap-Thrombin and Mqpa-Thrombin
  Bode, W.,Turk, D.,Stuerzebecher, J.
  (1990) Eur.J.Biochem. 193: 175




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Organizational Affiliation: 

Max-Planck-Institut für Biochemie, Martinsried, Germany.

Macromolecules

Find similar proteins by: Sequence  |  Structure

Entity ID: 1
Molecule	Chains	Sequence Length	Organism	Details
EPSILON-THROMBIN	L	49	Bos taurus	Mutation(s): 0  Gene Names: F2 EC: 3.4.21.5
Find proteins for P00735 (Bos taurus) Go to Gene View: F2 Go to UniProtKB:  P00735

Entity ID: 2
Molecule	Chains	Sequence Length	Organism	Details
EPSILON-THROMBIN	H	259	Bos taurus	Mutation(s): 0  Gene Names: F2 EC: 3.4.21.5
Find proteins for P00735 (Bos taurus) Go to Gene View: F2 Go to UniProtKB:  P00735

Small Molecules

Ligands 1 Unique
ID	Chains	Name / Formula / InChI Key	2D Diagram & Interactions
MIT	H	amino{[(4S)-5-[(2R,4R)-2-carboxy-4-methylpiperidin-1-yl]-4-({[(3R)-3-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolin-8-yl]sulfonyl}amino)-5-oxopentyl]amino}methaniminium R-argatroban; MQPA, MD-805; MITSUBISHI INHIBITOR C23 H37 N6 O5 S KXNPVXPOPUZYGB-XYVMCAHJSA-O

Biologically Interesting Molecules 1 Unique
ID	Chains	Name	Type/Class	2D Diagram	3D Interactions
PRD_000452 (MIT)	H	Argatroban	Peptide-like / Inhibitor		--

Experimental Data & Validation

Experimental Data

• Method: X-RAY DIFFRACTION
• Resolution: 2.2 Å
• R-Value Work: 0.175 
• Space Group: P 4₂ 2₁ 2

Unit Cell:

Length (Å)	Angle (°)
a = 87.710	α = 90.00
b = 87.710	β = 90.00
c = 102.980	γ = 90.00

Software Package:

Software Name	Purpose
X-PLOR	phasing
X-PLOR	model building
X-PLOR	refinement

Structure Validation

Entry History 

Deposition Data

• Deposited Date: 1992-07-06 
• Released Date: 1994-01-31 
• Deposition Author(s): Bode, W., Brandstetter, H.

Revision History 

• Version 1.0: 1994-01-31
  Type: Initial release
• Version 1.1: 2008-03-24
  Type: Version format compliance
• Version 1.2: 2011-07-13
  Type: Atomic model, Database references, Derived calculations, Non-polymer description, Structure summary, Version format compliance
• Version 1.3: 2012-12-12
  Type: Other