Download Mendeleygamma-glutamyl carboxylase inhibition by Anisindione.
Zhou, N., Wang, R., Chen, B., Li, J., Tie, J.K., Liu, F., Qi, X.(2026) Structure
- PubMed: 42660115 Search on PubMed
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.str.2026.08.002
- Primary Citation Related Structures:
13IB - PubMed Abstract:
The maturation of key coagulation factors requires γ-carboxylation catalyzed by γ-glutamyl carboxylase (GGCX), in which vitamin K hydroquinone (VKH 2 ) is oxidized to vitamin K epoxide (VKO) and recycled by vitamin K epoxide reductase (VKORC1). Clinically, vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) inhibit VKORC1 but are thought not to target GGCX. Here, we demonstrate that a member of VKA, anisindione and its analogs can dock within the VK-binding pocket of GGCX. Importantly, both in vitro and cell-based γ-carboxylation assays showed that anisindione inhibits GGCX activity. Furthermore, our cryo-electron microscopy structure of the GGCX-BGP (bone Gla protein or osteocalcin)-anisindione complex reveals that anisindione directly occupies the VK-binding pocket of GGCX, consistent with competitive inhibition with VK. These results establish anisindione as a structural prototype for direct GGCX inhibition and provide a structural framework for developing anticoagulants beyond VKORC1.
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
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