Metformin is a biguanide antihyperglycemic agent and first-line pharmacotherapy used in the management of type II diabetes.[L12207,A176173] Metformin is considered an antihyperglycemic drug because it lowers blood glucose concentrations in type II diabetes without causing hypoglycemia. It is commonly described as an "insulin sensitizer", leading to a decrease in insulin resistance and a clinically significant reduction of plasma fasting insulin levels.[A176173] Another well-known benefit of this drug is modest weight loss, making it an effective choice for obese patients type II diabetes.[A36559] Metformin was first approved in Canada in 1972,[A36552] and received subsequent FDA approval in the US in 1995.[L12207]
Synonyms
Metformina
Metformin
Metformine
Metforminum
Metformin hydrochloride
Dimethylbiguanid
1,1-Dimethylbiguanide
Brand Names
Sitagliptin - Metformin
Apo-sitagliptin-metformin
Sitagliptin Phosphate/Metformin Hydrochloride
Nra-metformin
Appformin-D
Competact
Rhoxal-metformin
Synjardy XR
Metformin Hydrochloride ER
Sandoz Sitagliptin-metformin
Pg-metformin
Pioglitazone HCL and Metformin HCL
Metformin-850
GLIPIZIDE and METFORMIN HYDROCHLORIDE
Metformin hydrochloride ER
Glubrava
Ran-metformin
Sitagliptin/metfor Min Hydrochloride Mylan
Septa-metformin
Jamp Metformin
Dapagliflozin and Metformin Hydrochloride
Glucophage XR
Med Metformin Tablets 500mg
Metformin ER 750 mg
Qternmet XR
Metfomin Hydrochloride
Reddy-sitagliptin and Metformin Hydrochloride
Metformin Hydrochloride Extended Release
Ag-metformin
Ristfor
METFORMIN Hydrochloride
Ecl-metformin
Metformin Hcl
Metformin-500 - Tab 500mg
Glyburide and Metformin Hydrochloride
Sandoz Metformin Fc
Q-metformin
Vildagliptin/metfo Rmin Hydrochloride Accord
Metformin Hydrochloride E/r
Prz-metformin
Riva-metformin
Alogliptin and Metformin Hydrochloride
Ebymect
Ach-metformin
Glyburide-metformin Hydrochloride
PMS-rosiglitazone-metformin
Glucophage
PMS-sitagliptin-metformin
Bio-metformin
Prandimet
Metformin Hydrochloride Extended-Release
Glipizide and Metformin Hydrochloride
Bci Metformin
Jentadueto XR
Apo-metformin ER
Glyburide (micronized) and Metformin Hydrochloride
Icandra
Komboglyze
Metaglip
Teva-metformin
Van-metformin
Metformin Hydrochloride Oral Solution
Janumet
Metformin Hydrochloride
Repaglinide and Metformin Hydrochloride
Velmetia
Glyburide Micronized and Metformin Hydrochloride
Compresso MF 95P
Metformin
Apo-sitagliptin/metformin XR
Mint-metformin
Dom-metformin
Pioglitazone and metformin
Pioglitazone and Metformin Hydrocholride
Pmsc-metformin
Priva-metformin
Jentadueto
Pioglitazone Hydrochloride and Metformin Hydrochloride
Janumet XR
Avandamet
Xigduo XR
Glyburide-Metformin Hydrochloride
Zomarist
Metformin Tablets 500mg
Glipizide and Metformin HCl
GlipiZIDE and Metformin Hydrochloride
Dm2
Glucovance
Glumetza
Ratio-metformin
Metformin Hydrochloride Extended-Release 500mg
Kazano
Metformin ER 500 mg
Sitagliptin/metfo Rmin Hydrochloride Mylan
Gpc-metformin XR
Kombiglyze XR
Sitagliptin-metformin
Fortamet
PMS-metformin - Tab 500mg
Glyburide and Metformin
Ava-metformin
Ipg-metformin
Appformin
Orb-metformin
Eucreas
Vokanamet
Sandoz Metformin XR
Sandoz Sitagliptin-metformin XR
Actoplus Met XR
Glumetza (sb)
Invokamet XR
Metformin hydrochloride
Ntp-metformin
Pro-metformin
Glipizide and metformin hcl
Segluromet
Sitagliptin/metformin Hydrochloride Sun
Saxagliptin and Metformin Hydrochloride
Trijardy XR
Sitagliptin/metformin Hydrochloride Accord
Metformin HCl ER
Actoplus Met
PMS-metformin
Metformin HCl
Vipdomet
Acc-metformin
Riomet
Metformin Hydrochoride
Riomet ER
Auro-dapagliflozin / Metformin
Saxagliptin and Metformin
PHL-metformin
Jamp-metformin Blackberry
Apo-metformin
Metformin Tablets
Glycon
Invokamet
Synjardy
Vildagliptin/metformin Hydrochloride Accord
Sitagliptin Metformin Hydrochloride Mylan
Metformin Fc
Apo-dapagliflozin-metformin
Efficib
Pioglitazole and metformin hydrochloride
Auro-metformin
Xigduo
Mar-metformin
Metformin-Hcl
Mylan-metformin
Pioglitazone and Metformin Hydrochloride
Indication
**Metformin immediate-release formulations** Metformin is indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults and pediatric patients ≥10 years old with type 2 diabetes mellitus.[L40243] **Metformin extended-release tablet (XR)** The extended-release formulation of metformin is indicated as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Safety in children has not been determined to this date.[L12207] **Metformin combination products** Metformin is a component of a variety of combination products with other anti-diabetic agents. It is indicated, along with diet and exercise, to improve glycemic control in adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in combination with DPP-4 inhibitors ([sitagliptin], [linagliptin], [alogliptin], or [saxagliptin]),[L11479,L40248,L40253,L40258,L40263] in combination with SGLT2 inhibitors ([canagliflozin], [empagliflozin], [ertugliflozin], or [dapagliflozin]),[L11479,L30503,L1134,L13679,L38729] or in combination with [pioglitazone].[L11419]
Categories
Alimentary Tract and Metabolism
Amidines
Biguanides
Blood Glucose Lowering Agents
Drugs that are Mainly Renally Excreted
Drugs Used in Diabetes
Guanidines
MATE 1 Substrates
MATE 2 Substrates
MATE substrates
OCT1 substrates
OCT2 Inhibitors
OCT2 Substrates
Oral Hypoglycemics
ATC-Code
A10BD23
A10BD02
A10BD18
A10BD11
A10BD25
A10BA02
A10BD22
A10BD14
A10BD16
A10BD17
A10BD05
A10BD15
A10BD07
A10BD10
A10BD13
A10BD26
A10BD20
A10BD08
A10BD27
A10BD03
CAS number
657-24-9
Drug Targets
Name
Target Sequence
Pharmacological Action
Actions
Electron transfer flavoprotein-ubiquinone oxidoreductase, mitochondrial
Drug Info/Drug Targets: DrugBank 3.0: a comprehensive resource for 'omics' research on drugs. Knox C, Law V, Jewison
T, Liu P, Ly S, Frolkis A, Pon A, Banco K, Mak C, Neveu V, Djoumbou Y, Eisner R, Guo AC, Wishart DS.
Nucleic Acids Res. 2011 Jan; 39 (Database issue):D1035-41. | PMID:21059682