MA_MAT3VR3451

Predicted interaction between MAPK3 (1-379) and MAP2K2 (1-400)

External Resource: Annotation

Gene Ontology: Gene Product Annotation
InterPro: Protein Family Classification
Pharos: Disease Associations

Gene Ontology: Gene Product Annotation Gene Ontology Database Homepage

Chains	Polymer	Molecular Function	Biological Process	Cellular Component
A	Homo sapiens (Human) MAPK3 (P27361; 1 - 379)	phosphoprotein binding phosphotyrosine residue binding protein binding binding protein phosphorylated amino acid binding adenyl ribonucleotide binding nucleotide binding purine ribonucleotide binding purine ribonucleoside triphosphate binding nucleoside phosphate binding ion binding purine nucleotide binding anion binding adenyl nucleotide binding phosphoprotein binding phosphotyrosine residue binding protein binding binding protein phosphorylated amino acid binding adenyl ribonucleotide binding nucleotide binding purine ribonucleotide binding purine ribonucleoside triphosphate binding nucleoside phosphate binding ion binding purine nucleotide binding anion binding adenyl nucleotide binding ATP binding heterocyclic compound binding carbohydrate derivative binding ribonucleotide binding small molecule binding protein serine/threonine kinase activity catalytic activity, acting on a protein kinase activity protein kinase activity transferase activity catalytic activity MAP kinase activity phosphotransferase activity, alcohol group as acceptor transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups phosphatase binding enzyme binding identical protein binding protein serine kinase activity transcription factor binding DNA-binding transcription factor binding	developmental process multicellular organism development multicellular organismal process skeletal system development connective tissue development anatomical structure development animal organ development tissue development cartilage development system development protein phosphorylation protein autophosphorylation phosphorylation primary metabolic process developmental process multicellular organism development multicellular organismal process skeletal system development connective tissue development anatomical structure development animal organ development tissue development cartilage development system development protein phosphorylation protein autophosphorylation phosphorylation primary metabolic process peptidyl-tyrosine modification peptidyl-tyrosine autophosphorylation macromolecule modification peptidyl-amino acid modification phosphate-containing compound metabolic process metabolic process cellular process protein metabolic process macromolecule metabolic process peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation protein modification process phosphorus metabolic process tube development respiratory tube development anatomical structure morphogenesis lung morphogenesis lung development respiratory system development animal organ morphogenesis positive regulation of molecular function regulation of molecular function positive regulation of cyclase activity regulation of catalytic activity biological regulation positive regulation of catalytic activity apoptotic process cell death programmed cell death RNA metabolic process nucleobase-containing compound biosynthetic process gene expression macromolecule biosynthetic process nucleic acid metabolic process RNA biosynthetic process nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process DNA-templated transcription nucleic acid biosynthetic process biosynthetic process cellular response to stimulus regulation of biological process regulation of cellular process cell surface receptor signaling pathway response to stimulus signaling insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling pathway cell surface receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathway cell communication signal transduction enzyme-linked receptor protein signaling pathway regulation of cellular component organization Golgi inheritance organelle inheritance regulation of organelle organization cellular component organization regulation of Golgi organization organelle organization regulation of Golgi inheritance cellular component organization or biogenesis Golgi organization endomembrane system organization biological process involved in interspecies interaction between organisms catabolic process response to other organism defense response macroautophagy autophagy xenophagy response to external stimulus response to biotic stimulus defense response to other organism response to stress response to external biotic stimulus process utilizing autophagic mechanism intracellular signal transduction intracellular signaling cassette MAPK cascade regulation of defense response regulation of response to biotic stimulus regulation of response to external stimulus positive regulation of xenophagy positive regulation of biological process regulation of autophagy positive regulation of response to stimulus positive regulation of metabolic process positive regulation of response to external stimulus regulation of response to stress positive regulation of macroautophagy positive regulation of cellular process positive regulation of autophagy regulation of xenophagy regulation of catabolic process positive regulation of catabolic process regulation of macroautophagy regulation of response to stimulus positive regulation of defense response regulation of metabolic process ear morphogenesis embryonic organ morphogenesis ear development sensory organ development embryonic morphogenesis embryo development outer ear morphogenesis sensory organ morphogenesis embryonic organ development positive regulation of locomotion regulation of cell motility macrophage migration positive regulation of chemotaxis positive regulation of cell migration taxis cell migration regulation of immune system process regulation of mononuclear cell migration positive regulation of immune system process chemotaxis regulation of leukocyte chemotaxis regulation of leukocyte migration positive regulation of macrophage migration positive regulation of leukocyte chemotaxis granulocyte migration leukocyte migration response to chemical regulation of locomotion macrophage chemotaxis regulation of granulocyte chemotaxis regulation of macrophage migration positive regulation of cell motility regulation of cell migration myeloid leukocyte migration positive regulation of mononuclear cell migration cell motility locomotion cell chemotaxis regulation of macrophage chemotaxis positive regulation of leukocyte migration regulation of chemotaxis cellular response to chemical stimulus immune system process granulocyte chemotaxis mononuclear cell migration positive regulation of macrophage chemotaxis leukocyte chemotaxis ERBB2 signaling pathway ERBB2-ERBB3 signaling pathway ERBB signaling pathway ERBB3 signaling pathway trans-synaptic signaling regulation of signaling modulation of chemical synaptic transmission cell-cell signaling chemical synaptic transmission synaptic signaling regulation of trans-synaptic signaling anterograde trans-synaptic signaling regulation of cell communication response to cytokine cytokine-mediated signaling pathway response to peptide cellular response to cytokine stimulus interleukin-34-mediated signaling pathway epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway response to endogenous stimulus response to epidermal growth factor response to growth factor regulation of localization negative regulation of sterol transport transport negative regulation of biological process regulation of lipid transport negative regulation of transport organic hydroxy compound transport negative regulation of lipid localization localization regulation of cholesterol efflux sterol transport regulation of cholesterol transport regulation of sterol transport negative regulation of lipid transport regulation of transport lipid localization lipid transport negative regulation of cholesterol transport establishment of localization regulation of lipid localization negative regulation of cholesterol efflux macromolecule localization cholesterol transport cholesterol efflux adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains lymphocyte mediated immunity regulation of immune effector process T cell mediated immunity negative regulation of response to biotic stimulus immune response to tumor cell negative regulation of immune response to tumor cell negative regulation of response to tumor cell negative regulation of lymphocyte mediated immunity regulation of response to tumor cell T cell mediated immune response to tumor cell negative regulation of T cell mediated immune response to tumor cell regulation of adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains regulation of T cell mediated immune response to tumor cell leukocyte mediated immunity regulation of T cell mediated immunity response to tumor cell immune response regulation of adaptive immune response negative regulation of response to stimulus negative regulation of immune response negative regulation of immune effector process regulation of immune response to tumor cell negative regulation of adaptive immune response adaptive immune response immune effector process negative regulation of adaptive immune response based on somatic recombination of immune receptors built from immunoglobulin superfamily domains regulation of leukocyte mediated immunity regulation of lymphocyte mediated immunity negative regulation of immune system process regulation of immune response negative regulation of leukocyte mediated immunity negative regulation of T cell mediated immunity positive regulation of organelle organization regulation of telomere maintenance positive regulation of cellular component organization telomere organization regulation of primary metabolic process positive regulation of macromolecule metabolic process regulation of nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process positive regulation of telomere maintenance chromosome organization regulation of chromosome organization regulation of macromolecule metabolic process DNA metabolic process positive regulation of chromosome organization telomere maintenance positive regulation of DNA metabolic process regulation of DNA metabolic process response to nutrient levels cellular response to amino acid starvation cellular response to starvation cellular response to nutrient levels cellular response to stress response to amino acid starvation response to starvation positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription positive regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process regulation of RNA metabolic process transcription by RNA polymerase II positive regulation of biosynthetic process regulation of RNA biosynthetic process regulation of biosynthetic process regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II positive regulation of RNA metabolic process regulation of gene expression positive regulation of RNA biosynthetic process regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process regulation of DNA-templated transcription head development face development cellular response to BMP stimulus cell surface receptor protein serine/threonine kinase signaling pathway cellular response to growth factor stimulus cellular response to endogenous stimulus response to BMP transforming growth factor beta receptor superfamily signaling pathway BMP signaling pathway immune system development gland development hematopoietic or lymphoid organ development thymus development DNA damage response signal transduction in response to DNA damage positive regulation of cell communication positive regulation of signal transduction regulation of signal transduction positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade regulation of intracellular signal transduction positive regulation of MAPK cascade positive regulation of intracellular signal transduction regulation of MAPK cascade ERK1 and ERK2 cascade regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade positive regulation of signaling thyroid gland development endocrine system development stress-activated MAPK cascade stress-activated protein kinase signaling cascade import into cell endocytosis caveolin-mediated endocytosis vesicle-mediated transport response to dsRNA response to nitrogen compound response to exogenous dsRNA cellular developmental process peripheral nervous system development cell development nervous system development glial cell development neurogenesis Schwann cell development gliogenesis glial cell differentiation cell differentiation Schwann cell differentiation response to lipid cellular response to lipopolysaccharide lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway cellular response to biotic stimulus response to bacterium response to oxygen-containing compound cellular response to molecule of bacterial origin response to lipopolysaccharide cellular response to oxygen-containing compound cellular response to lipid response to molecule of bacterial origin ossification regulation of multicellular organismal process regulation of ossification regulation of cytoskeleton organization cytoskeleton organization regulation of cellular response to stress regulation of stress-activated protein kinase signaling cascade regulation of stress-activated MAPK cascade trachea morphogenesis trachea formation trachea development anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis animal organ formation cellular localization intracellular transport regulation of vesicle-mediated transport endosomal transport vesicle-mediated transport between endosomal compartments regulation of early endosome to late endosome transport early endosome to late endosome transport regulation of cellular localization establishment of localization in cell regulation of intracellular transport astrocyte differentiation central nervous system development Bergmann glial cell differentiation cellular response to tumor necrosis factor response to tumor necrosis factor homeostatic process cellular homeostasis chemical homeostasis intracellular monoatomic cation homeostasis regulation of pH monoatomic ion homeostasis intracellular chemical homeostasis monoatomic cation homeostasis regulation of cellular pH intracellular monoatomic ion homeostasis regulation of leukocyte proliferation cell population proliferation positive regulation of cell population proliferation leukocyte proliferation macrophage proliferation regulation of cell population proliferation positive regulation of leukocyte proliferation positive regulation of macrophage proliferation regulation of macrophage proliferation response to mechanical stimulus response to abiotic stimulus cellular response to mechanical stimulus cellular response to abiotic stimulus cellular response to external stimulus cellular response to environmental stimulus cellular response to nitrogen compound response to peptide hormone insulin receptor signaling pathway response to hormone cellular response to hormone stimulus cellular response to peptide hormone stimulus response to insulin cellular response to insulin stimulus stem cell development heart development neural crest cell differentiation cardiac neural crest cell development involved in heart development neural crest cell development mesenchyme development cardiocyte differentiation circulatory system development stem cell differentiation cardiac neural crest cell differentiation involved in heart development mesenchymal cell differentiation negative regulation of signaling negative regulation of intracellular signal transduction negative regulation of cell communication negative regulation of TORC1 signaling negative regulation of TOR signaling negative regulation of cellular process regulation of TORC1 signaling TOR signaling regulation of TOR signaling negative regulation of signal transduction TORC1 signaling cellular response to interleukin-1 interleukin-1-mediated signaling pathway response to interleukin-1 myelination axon ensheathment ensheathment of neurons system process sensory perception nervous system process sensory perception of pain	cell projection cellular anatomical structure pseudopodium plasma membrane bounded cell projection membrane-bounded organelle intracellular organelle organelle envelope intracellular anatomical structure organelle nuclear envelope nucleus intracellular membrane-bounded organelle endomembrane system cytoplasm cell projection cellular anatomical structure pseudopodium plasma membrane bounded cell projection membrane-bounded organelle intracellular organelle organelle envelope intracellular anatomical structure organelle nuclear envelope nucleus intracellular membrane-bounded organelle endomembrane system cytoplasm cytosol synapse cell junction glutamatergic synapse Golgi apparatus cytoskeleton membraneless organelle intracellular membraneless organelle membrane-enclosed lumen intracellular organelle lumen endoplasmic reticulum lumen organelle lumen endoplasmic reticulum cilium ciliary basal body microtubule organizing center microtubule cytoskeleton mitochondrion anchoring junction focal adhesion cell-substrate junction membrane microdomain cell periphery membrane raft plasma membrane raft membrane plasma membrane plasma membrane region caveola nucleoplasm nuclear lumen early endosome endosome intracellular vesicle cytoplasmic vesicle vesicle late endosome
B	Homo sapiens (Human) MAP2K2 (P36507; 1 - 400)	protein tyrosine kinase activity catalytic activity, acting on a protein kinase activity protein kinase activity transferase activity catalytic activity phosphotransferase activity, alcohol group as acceptor transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups binding adenyl ribonucleotide binding nucleotide binding purine ribonucleotide binding purine ribonucleoside triphosphate binding nucleoside phosphate binding protein tyrosine kinase activity catalytic activity, acting on a protein kinase activity protein kinase activity transferase activity catalytic activity phosphotransferase activity, alcohol group as acceptor transferase activity, transferring phosphorus-containing groups binding adenyl ribonucleotide binding nucleotide binding purine ribonucleotide binding purine ribonucleoside triphosphate binding nucleoside phosphate binding ion binding purine nucleotide binding anion binding adenyl nucleotide binding ATP binding heterocyclic compound binding carbohydrate derivative binding ribonucleotide binding small molecule binding MAP kinase kinase activity protein serine/threonine/tyrosine kinase activity MAP-kinase scaffold activity protein-macromolecule adaptor activity molecular adaptor activity signaling adaptor activity enzyme regulator activity protein serine/threonine kinase activator activity kinase activator activity enzyme activator activity molecular function activator activity molecular function regulator activity protein kinase activator activity protein kinase regulator activity kinase regulator activity cation binding metal ion binding protein binding PDZ domain binding protein domain specific binding scaffold protein binding protein serine kinase activity protein serine/threonine kinase activity	developmental process heart development multicellular organism development multicellular organismal process anatomical structure development animal organ development circulatory system development system development regulation of biosynthetic process regulation of biological process regulation of cellular process biological regulation positive regulation of biological process regulation of macromolecule metabolic process developmental process heart development multicellular organism development multicellular organismal process anatomical structure development animal organ development circulatory system development system development regulation of biosynthetic process regulation of biological process regulation of cellular process biological regulation positive regulation of biological process regulation of macromolecule metabolic process gene expression macromolecule biosynthetic process positive regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process regulation of gene expression positive regulation of metabolic process biosynthetic process positive regulation of gene expression positive regulation of biosynthetic process regulation of macromolecule biosynthetic process metabolic process cellular process positive regulation of macromolecule metabolic process macromolecule metabolic process regulation of metabolic process positive regulation of cellular process positive regulation of nervous system development axonogenesis cell projection organization regulation of cell differentiation regulation of neurogenesis neuron projection development regulation of cell development positive regulation of developmental process cell projection morphogenesis neuron differentiation neuron projection morphogenesis cell differentiation positive regulation of cell projection organization regulation of cell projection organization positive regulation of cell development nervous system development generation of neurons positive regulation of multicellular organismal process regulation of neuron projection development regulation of cellular component organization positive regulation of cellular component organization cellular developmental process regulation of developmental process plasma membrane bounded cell projection morphogenesis cell development cell morphogenesis cellular component organization regulation of nervous system development neurogenesis positive regulation of cell differentiation regulation of axonogenesis positive regulation of neurogenesis regulation of multicellular organismal process cellular component organization or biogenesis positive regulation of axonogenesis regulation of anatomical structure morphogenesis regulation of multicellular organismal development plasma membrane bounded cell projection organization axon development cell morphogenesis involved in neuron differentiation anatomical structure morphogenesis neuron development regulation of plasma membrane bounded cell projection organization cellular response to stimulus cell surface receptor signaling pathway response to stimulus signaling insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling pathway cell surface receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathway cell communication signal transduction enzyme-linked receptor protein signaling pathway Golgi inheritance organelle inheritance regulation of organelle organization regulation of Golgi organization organelle organization regulation of Golgi inheritance Golgi organization endomembrane system organization intracellular signal transduction intracellular signaling cassette MAPK cascade ERBB2 signaling pathway ERBB2-ERBB3 signaling pathway ERBB signaling pathway ERBB3 signaling pathway regulation of protein modification process positive regulation of phosphorylation regulation of catalytic activity regulation of protein phosphorylation positive regulation of protein metabolic process regulation of transferase activity positive regulation of phosphate metabolic process regulation of primary metabolic process positive regulation of protein serine/threonine kinase activity positive regulation of molecular function positive regulation of protein modification process phosphate-containing compound metabolic process protein metabolic process positive regulation of protein kinase activity phosphorus metabolic process protein modification process positive regulation of protein phosphorylation protein phosphorylation positive regulation of phosphorus metabolic process phosphorylation regulation of protein metabolic process positive regulation of catalytic activity primary metabolic process regulation of protein kinase activity regulation of molecular function positive regulation of kinase activity regulation of kinase activity macromolecule modification regulation of protein serine/threonine kinase activity regulation of phosphorylation regulation of phosphorus metabolic process positive regulation of locomotion regulation of cell motility regulation of locomotion positive regulation of cell motility cell motility locomotion head development face development immune system development gland development hematopoietic or lymphoid organ development thymus development immune system process thyroid gland development endocrine system development ERK1 and ERK2 cascade peripheral nervous system development glial cell development Schwann cell development gliogenesis glial cell differentiation Schwann cell differentiation regulation of cellular response to stress regulation of signal transduction stress-activated MAPK cascade cellular response to stress regulation of intracellular signal transduction response to stress regulation of response to stress regulation of signaling regulation of stress-activated protein kinase signaling cascade regulation of MAPK cascade regulation of stress-activated MAPK cascade stress-activated protein kinase signaling cascade regulation of response to stimulus regulation of cell communication trachea morphogenesis trachea formation trachea development anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis respiratory system development animal organ formation animal organ morphogenesis regulation of localization cellular localization transport regulation of transport intracellular transport regulation of vesicle-mediated transport establishment of localization vesicle-mediated transport endosomal transport vesicle-mediated transport between endosomal compartments regulation of early endosome to late endosome transport localization early endosome to late endosome transport regulation of cellular localization establishment of localization in cell regulation of intracellular transport positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription RNA metabolic process nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process RNA biosynthetic process nucleic acid biosynthetic process DNA-templated transcription regulation of RNA metabolic process regulation of nucleobase-containing compound metabolic process regulation of RNA biosynthetic process nucleobase-containing compound biosynthetic process nucleic acid metabolic process positive regulation of RNA metabolic process positive regulation of RNA biosynthetic process regulation of DNA-templated transcription protein autophosphorylation peptidyl-serine modification peptidyl-serine phosphorylation peptidyl-amino acid modification peptidyl-serine autophosphorylation myelination axon ensheathment ensheathment of neurons regulation of response to external stimulus regeneration response to axon injury neuron projection regeneration regulation of response to wounding axon regeneration response to wounding regulation of axon regeneration response to external stimulus regulation of neuron projection regeneration epithelium development cell population proliferation tube development respiratory tube development lung epithelium development tissue development epithelial cell proliferation involved in lung morphogenesis lung development lung morphogenesis epithelial cell proliferation	cell-cell junction cellular anatomical structure anchoring junction cell junction intracellular anatomical structure cytoplasm cytosol membrane-bounded organelle intracellular organelle Golgi apparatus organelle intracellular membrane-bounded organelle endomembrane system perinuclear region of cytoplasm cell-cell junction cellular anatomical structure anchoring junction cell junction intracellular anatomical structure cytoplasm cytosol membrane-bounded organelle intracellular organelle Golgi apparatus organelle intracellular membrane-bounded organelle endomembrane system perinuclear region of cytoplasm membrane peroxisome microbody membrane bounding membrane of organelle peroxisomal membrane microbody organelle membrane polymeric cytoskeletal fiber intracellular membraneless organelle cytoskeleton membraneless organelle supramolecular fiber microtubule supramolecular polymer supramolecular complex microtubule cytoskeleton mitochondrion focal adhesion cell-substrate junction early endosome endosome intracellular vesicle cytoplasmic vesicle vesicle extracellular region late endosome cell periphery cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane cytoplasmic side of membrane plasma membrane side of membrane nucleus endoplasmic reticulum

InterPro: Protein Family Classification InterPro Database Homepage

Chains	Accession	Name	Type
A	IPR003527	Mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase, conserved site	Conserved Site
A	IPR000719	Protein kinase domain	Domain
A	IPR050117	Mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase	Family
A	IPR017441	Protein kinase, ATP binding site	Binding Site
A	IPR011009	Protein kinase-like domain superfamily	Homologous Superfamily
A	IPR008349	Mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase, ERK1/2	Family
A	IPR008271	Serine/threonine-protein kinase, active site	Active Site
B	IPR000719	Protein kinase domain	Domain
B	IPR050915	MAP kinase kinase	Family
B	IPR017441	Protein kinase, ATP binding site	Binding Site
B	IPR011009	Protein kinase-like domain superfamily	Homologous Superfamily
B	IPR008271	Serine/threonine-protein kinase, active site	Active Site

Pharos: Disease Associations Pharos Homepage Annotation

Chains	Drug Target	Associated Disease
A	Pharos: P27361	cardiomyopathy squamous cell carcinoma extrahepatic cholestasis head and neck cancer prostate cancer Radiation Injuries, Experimental cocaine dependence female infertility streptococcal pneumonia trigeminal neuralgia brain ischemia cocaine abuse substance withdrawal syndrome malignant tumor of neck gastric cancer cardiomyopathy squamous cell carcinoma extrahepatic cholestasis head and neck cancer prostate cancer Radiation Injuries, Experimental cocaine dependence female infertility streptococcal pneumonia trigeminal neuralgia brain ischemia cocaine abuse substance withdrawal syndrome malignant tumor of neck gastric cancer neoplasm of neck neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis 6 hematologic disease breast disease kidney cancer developmental disability gastric neoplasm head and neck neoplasm ovarian cancer hepatocellular carcinoma autism hereditary diffuse gastric adenocarcinoma renal cell carcinoma cancer kidney neoplasm lung benign neoplasm neurodegenerative disease ovarian neoplasm Hodgkins lymphoma schizophrenia inborn carbohydrate metabolic disorder liver disease depressive disorder lung disease
B	Pharos: P36507	cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome Costello syndrome Noonan syndrome melanoma cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome 4 neurofibromatosis-Noonan syndrome salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma adenoid cystic carcinoma cardiomyopathy intellectual disability cutaneous melanoma Noonan syndrome with multiple lentigines plasma cell myeloma Cafe-au-lait macules with pulmonary stenosis chronic obstructive pulmonary disease cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome Costello syndrome Noonan syndrome melanoma cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome 4 neurofibromatosis-Noonan syndrome salivary gland adenoid cystic carcinoma adenoid cystic carcinoma cardiomyopathy intellectual disability cutaneous melanoma Noonan syndrome with multiple lentigines plasma cell myeloma Cafe-au-lait macules with pulmonary stenosis chronic obstructive pulmonary disease hypertrophic cardiomyopathy non-small cell lung carcinoma osteosarcoma psoriasis B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia neurofibromatosis type 1 ovarian cancer cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome 1 Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease hydrops fetalis juvenile dermatomyositis

RCSB PDB Core Operations are funded by the U.S. National Science Foundation (DBI-2321666), the US Department of Energy (DE-SC0019749), and the National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, and National Institute of General Medical Sciences of the National Institutes of Health under grant R01GM157729.