Stonustoxin subunit alpha

UniProtKB accession:  Q98989

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UniProtKB description:  This lethal (towards mammals) heterodimer induces hemolytic activities due to its ability to form pores in the cell membrane (PubMed:1790672, PubMed:9271089, PubMed:12177053, PubMed:26627714). The pore may be composed of 10 SNTX-alpha/beta heterodimers (PubMed:26627714). The toxin elicits potent hypotension which is endothelium-dependent and appears to be mediated by the nitric oxide pathway and activation of potassium channels (PubMed:8310447, PubMed:11931843). In addition, it displays edema-inducing activities, increases vascular permeability. It also shows myotoxic activities and interferes irreversibly with neuromuscular function (PubMed:8079369). It also induces irreversible platelet aggregation in rabbit or rat (but not in human or mouse) whole blood (PubMed:8533137). In addition, it has been observed to increase spontaneous quantal acetylcholine release from isolated frog cutaneous pectoris motor endings (PubMed:8921306).