Delta/kappa-actitoxin-Avd4a

UniProtKB accession:  P11494

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UniProtKB description:  Acts as a gating modifier on both Kv and Nav ion channels, and also acts on blood pressure. Voltage-dependently inhibits voltage-gated potassium channels Kv3 (Kv3.1/KCNC1, Kv3.2/KCNC2 and Kv3.4/KCNC4) and slows inactivation of the voltage-gated sodium channel Nav1.7/SCN9A (PubMed:16177043, PubMed:22442564, PubMed:9506974). Inhibits all Kv3.1, Kv3.2 and Kv3.4 by about 50% when tested at a voltage of +40 mV (45%, 48% and 56%, respectively). May act by binding residues in voltage-sensing domains S3b and S4 of Kv3 (PubMed:16177043). On sodium channel, tests have been done on human Nav1.7/SCN9A (expressed in HEK293 cells) (EC(50)=3 nM) and rat SCG neurons that mostly carry Nav1.7 channels (EC(50)=300 nM) (PubMed:22442564). This toxin also reduces blood pressure (Ref.1).